Android Bundle总结
版本 | 修改内容 | 日期 | 修改人 |
1.0 | 初稿 | 2013/03/06 | skywang |
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1 Bundle介绍
Bundle主要用于传递数据;它保存的数据,是以key-value(键值对)的形式存在的。
我们经常使用Bundle在Activity之间传递数据,传递的数据可以是boolean、byte、int、long、float、double、string等基本类型或它们对应的数组,也可以是对象或对象数组。当Bundle传递的是对象或对象数组时,必须实现Serializable 或Parcelable接口。下面分别介绍Activity之间如何传递基本类型、传递对象。
2传递基本类型
Bundle提供了各种常用类型的putXxx()/getXxx()方法,用于读写基本类型的数据。Bundle操作基本数据类型的API表格如下所示:
写数据的方法如下:
// "com.test" is the package name of the destination class
// "com.test.Activity02" is the full class path of the destination class
Intent intent = new Intent().setClassName("com.bundletest", "com.bundletest.Bundle02");
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putString("name", "skywang");
bundle.putInt("height", 175);
intent.putExtras(bundle);
startActivity(intent);
// end current class
finish();
对应的读数据的方法如下:
Bundle bundle = this.getIntent().getExtras();
String name = bundle.getString("name");
int height = bundle.getInt("height");
3传递Parcelable类型的对象
3.1 Parcelable说明
Parcelable是Android自定义的一个接口,它包括了将数据写入Parcel和从Parcel中读出的API。一个实体(用类来表示),如果需要封装到bundle消息中去,可以通过实现Parcelable接口来实现。
Parcelable和Serializable的API如下表:
3.2 Parcelable接口说明
public interface Parcelable {
//内容描述接口,基本不用管
public int describeContents();
//写入接口函数,打包
public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags);
//读取接口,目的是要从Parcel中构造一个实现了Parcelable的类的实例处理。因为实现类在这里还是不可知的,所以需要用到模板的方式,继承类名通过模板参数传入。
//为了能够实现模板参数的传入,这里定义Creator嵌入接口,内含两个接口函数分别返回单个和多个继承类实例。
public interface Creator<T> {
public T createFromParcel(Parcel source);
public T[] newArray(int size);
}
}
3.3 Parcelable接口的实现方法
从parcelable接口定义中,我们可以看到,实现parcelable接口,需要我们实现下面几个方法:
(01)describeContents方法。内容接口描述,默认返回0就可以;
(02)writeToParcel 方法。该方法将类的数据写入外部提供的Parcel中.即打包需要传递的数据到Parcel容器保存,以便从parcel容器获取数据,该方法声明如下:
writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) 具体参数含义见doc文档
(3.)静态的Parcelable.Creator接口,本接口有两个方法:
createFromParcel(Parcelin) 从Parcel容器中读取传递数据值,封装成Parcelable对象返回逻辑层。
newArray(int size) 创建一个类型为T,长度为size的数组,仅一句话(returnnew T[size])即可。方法是供外部类反序列化本类数组使用。
4传递Serializable类型的对象
4.1 Serializable说明
Serializable是一个对象序列化的接口。一个类只有实现了Serializable接口,它的对象才是可序列化的。因此如果要序列化某些类的对象,这些类就必须实现Serializable接口。而实际上,Serializable是一个空接口,没有什么具体内容,它的目的只是简单的标识一个类的对象可以被序列化。
4.2 Serializable接口的实现方法
很简单,只要implements Serializable接口就可以了
5 demo演示程序
下面是对实现上述三种数据传递方式的BundleTest(demo程序)进行简要介绍
5.1 demo概要
BundleTest共包含了4个java文件和2个layout文件(main.xml和main2.xml)
Bundle01.java —— 默认的主Activity窗口。
Bundle02.java —— 主Activity用于跳转的目的窗口。
Book.java —— 实现Parcelable接口的类
Person.java —— 实现Serializable接口的类
main.xml —— Bundle01.java的layout文件
main2.xml —— Bundle02.java的layout文件
工程文件结构如下所示:
5.2代码
AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.bundletest"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0">
<application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
<activity android:name=".Bundle01"
android:label="@string/app_name">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity android:name=".Bundle02"> </activity>
</application>
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="11" />
</manifest>
main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
>
<TextView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/app_01"
/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnBasic"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/text_basic"
/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnPar"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/text_par"
/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnSer"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/text_ser"
/>
</LinearLayout>
main2.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
>
<TextView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/app_02"
/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnBack"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/text_jump_back"
/>
</LinearLayout>
strings.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<string name="hello">Hello MyBundleTest!</string>
<string name="app_name">MyBundleTest</string>
<string name="app_01">Bundle_01</string>
<string name="app_02">Bundle_02</string>
<string name="text_basic">Bundle Basic Data</string>
<string name="text_par">Bundle Parcelable Data</string>
<string name="text_ser">Bundle Seriable Data</string>
<string name="text_jump_back">Jump Back to Bundler01</string>
</resources>
Bundle01.java
package com.bundletest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;
public class Bundle01 extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener{
private static final String TAG = "skywang-->Bundle01";
private Button mBtnBasic = null;
private Button mBtnPar = null;
private Button mBtnSer = null;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
mBtnBasic = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnBasic);
mBtnBasic.setOnClickListener(this);
mBtnPar = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnPar);
mBtnPar.setOnClickListener(this);
mBtnSer = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnSer);
mBtnSer.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
switch (view.getId()) {
case R.id.btnBasic:
sendBasicDataThroughBundle();
break;
case R.id.btnPar:
sendParcelableDataThroughBundle();
break;
case R.id.btnSer:
sendSeriableDataThroughBundle();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
// sent basic data, such as int, strin, etc... through bundle
private void sendBasicDataThroughBundle(){
// "com.test" is the package name of the destination class
// "com.test.Activity02" is the full class path of the destination class
Intent intent = new Intent().setClassName("com.bundletest", "com.bundletest.Bundle02");
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putString("name", "skywang");
bundle.putInt("height", 175);
intent.putExtras(bundle);
startActivity(intent);
// end current class
finish();
}
// sent object through Pacelable
private void sendParcelableDataThroughBundle(){
Intent intent = new Intent().setClassName("com.bundletest", "com.bundletest.Bundle02");
Book mBook = new Book();
mBook.setBookName("Android");
mBook.setAuthor("skywang");
mBook.setPublishTime(2013);
Bundle mBundle = new Bundle();
mBundle.putParcelable("ParcelableValue", mBook);
intent.putExtras(mBundle);
startActivity(intent);
finish();
}
// sent object through seriable
private void sendSeriableDataThroughBundle(){
Intent intent = new Intent().setClassName("com.bundletest", "com.bundletest.Bundle02");
Person mPerson = new Person();
mPerson.setName("skywang");
mPerson.setAge(24);
Bundle mBundle = new Bundle();
mBundle.putSerializable("SeriableValue",mPerson);
intent.putExtras(mBundle);
startActivity(intent);
finish();
}
}
Bundle02.java
package com.bundletest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;
public class Bundle02 extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener {
private static final String TAG = "skywang-->Bundle02";
private Button mBtnBack = null;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main2);
mBtnBack = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnBack);
mBtnBack.setOnClickListener(this);
receiveBasicData();
receiveParcelableData();
receiveSeriableData();
}
private void receiveBasicData() {
Bundle bundle = this.getIntent().getExtras();
String name = bundle.getString("name");
int height = bundle.getInt("height");
if (name != null && height != 0)
Log.d(TAG, "receice basic data -- " +
"name="+name+", height="+height);
}
private void receiveParcelableData() {
Book mBook = (Book)getIntent().getParcelableExtra("ParcelableValue");
if (mBook != null)
Log.d(TAG, "receice parcel data -- " +
"Book name is: " + mBook.getBookName()+", "+
"Author is: " + mBook.getAuthor() + ", "+
"PublishTime is: " + mBook.getPublishTime());
}
private void receiveSeriableData() {
Person mPerson = (Person)getIntent().getSerializableExtra("SeriableValue");
if (mPerson != null)
Log.d(TAG, "receice serial data -- " +
"The name is:" + mPerson.getName() + ", "+
"age is:" + mPerson.getAge());
}
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
switch (view.getId()) {
case R.id.btnBack:
{
// "com.test" is the package name of the destination class
// "com.test.Activity01" is the full class path of the destination class
Intent intent = new Intent().setClassName("com.bundletest", "com.bundletest.Bundle01");
startActivity(intent);
// end current class
finish();
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}
Book.java
package com.bundletest;
import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;
public class Book implements Parcelable {
private String bookName;
private String author;
private int publishTime;
public String getBookName() {
return bookName;
}
public void setBookName(String bookName) {
this.bookName = bookName;
}
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
public void setAuthor(String author) {
this.author = author;
}
public int getPublishTime() {
return publishTime;
}
public void setPublishTime(int publishTime) {
this.publishTime = publishTime;
}
public static final Parcelable.Creator<Book> CREATOR = new Creator<Book>() {
@Override
public Book createFromParcel(Parcel source) {
Book mBook = new Book();
mBook.bookName = source.readString();
mBook.author = source.readString();
mBook.publishTime = source.readInt();
return mBook;
}
@Override
public Book[] newArray(int size) {
return new Book[size];
}
};
@Override
public int describeContents() {
return 0;
}
@Override
public void writeToParcel(Parcel parcel, int flags) {
parcel.writeString(bookName);
parcel.writeString(author);
parcel.writeInt(publishTime);
}
}
Person.java
package com.bundletest;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class Person implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String name;
private int age;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
5.3输出图片
Bundle01.java对应的界面如下:
点击“Bundle Basic Data”、“Bundle Parcelable Data”、“Bundle Seriable Data”均跳转到如下界面,但它们对应的logcat信息不同。
点击“Bundle Basic Data”的logcat如下:
点击“Bundle Parcelable Data”的logcat如下:
点击“Bundle Seriable Data”的logcat如下: