SQliteOpenHelper是一个抽象类,来管理数据库的创建和版本的管理。这个辅助类继承自SQLiteOpenHelper类,在该类的构造器中,调用Context中的方法创建并打开一个指定名称的数据库对象。继承和扩展SQLiteOpenHelper类主要做的工作就是重写以下两个方法。

onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) : 当数据库被首次创建时执行该方法,一般将创建表等初始化操作在该方法中执行。 
 onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabse dv, int oldVersion,int new Version):当打开数据库时传入的版本号与当前的版本号不同时会调用该方法。

SQLiteOpenHelper 类的基本用法是:当需要创建或打开一个数据库并获得数据库对象时,首先根据指定的文件名创建一个辅助对象,然后调用该对象的getWritableDatabase 或 getReadableDatabase方法 获得SQLiteDatabase 对象。

android可以不需要启动整个系统,单独执行某一个方法,在方法的右边,如test()选择右键test-android run junit test执行就可以单独测试某一个方法了(虚拟机需要打开)。

首先需要在清单文件Manifist中配置一下才行,配置的内容和方法如下

配置AndroidManifist.xml文件
	<instrumentation 
	    android:name="android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner"
	    android:targetPackage="com.ldw.sqlite"
	    ></instrumentation>


<uses-library android:name="android.test.runner"></uses-library>

清单文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.ldw.sqlite"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="17" />
	<instrumentation 
	    android:name="android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner"
	    android:targetPackage="com.ldw.sqlite"
	    ></instrumentation>
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <uses-library android:name="android.test.runner"></uses-library>"
        <activity
            android:name="com.ldw.sqlite.MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

 

MainActivity.java这里什么都没有做,都是再test case中运行的

package com.ldw.sqlite;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.Menu;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }


    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
        return true;
    }
    
}

SQLiteOpenHelper.java数据库的接口

package com.ldw.sqlite;

import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;

public class MyOpenHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {

	public MyOpenHelper(Context context, String name, CursorFactory factory,
			int version) {
		super(context, name, factory, version);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

	//数据库创建时调用
	@Override
	public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
		db.execSQL("create table person(_id integer primary key autoincrement, name char(10), salary char(20), phone integer(20))");
		System.out.println("创建数据库");

	}
	
	//数据库升级时调用
	@Override
	public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
		System.out.println("数据库升级了");

	}

}

TestCase.java测试数据库的增删改查

package com.ldw.sqlite.test;

import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.test.AndroidTestCase;

import com.ldw.sqlite.MyOpenHelper;

public class TestCase extends AndroidTestCase{
	
	private MyOpenHelper oh;
	private SQLiteDatabase db;

	public void test(){
            //getContext()是获取虚拟的上下文
		oh = new MyOpenHelper(getContext(), "people.db", null, 1);
		//获取可写可读数据库对象,如果数据库存在,直接打开,如果数据库不存在,先创建
		//数据库再获取科协的数据库对象
		db = oh.getWritableDatabase();
	}
	
	//测试框架初始化完毕后,在测试方法执行之前,此方法调用
	@Override
	protected void setUp() throws Exception{
		super.setUp();
		oh = new MyOpenHelper(getContext(), "people.db", null, 1);
		db = oh.getWritableDatabase();
		
	}
	
	//测试方法执行完毕以后此方法调用
	@Override
	protected void tearDown() throws Exception{
		super.tearDown();
		db.close();
	}
	
	public void insert(){
		
		db.execSQL("insert into person (name, salary, phone)values(?, ?, ?)",new Object[]{"fhgfhf", "14000", 1302549110});
		db.execSQL("insert into person (name, salary, phone)values(?, ?, ?)",new Object[]{"ghfhfh", "14000", 1302549110});
		db.execSQL("insert into person (name, salary, phone)values(?, ?, ?)",new Object[]{"74gfhfhhfhf9", "14000", 1302549110});
	}
	
	public void delete(){
		db.execSQL("delete from person where name = ?",new Object[]{"aaaaa"});
	}
	
	public void update(){
		db.execSQL("update person set phone = ? where name = ?", new Object[]{321312, "aaaaa"});
	}
	
	public void select(){
		Cursor cursor = db.rawQuery("select name, salary from person ", null);
		
		while(cursor.moveToNext()){
			//通过列索引获取到列的值
			String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name")); 
			String salary = cursor.getString(1);
			System.out.println("name=" + name + "salary" + salary);
		}
	}
	
	///API方法实现增删该查
	public void insertApi(){
		//把要插入的数据全部封装到ContentValues对象
		ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
		values.put("name", "xxx");
		values.put("phone", "234324");
		values.put("salary",13423);
		db.insert("person", null, values);
	}
	
	public void deleteApi(){
		//返回删除的行数
		int i = db.delete("person", "name = ? and _id = ?", new String[]{"aaaaa" , "4"});
	}
	
	public void updateApi(){
		ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
		values.put("salary", 17000);
		//返回修改的行数
		int i = db.update("person", values, "name = ?", new String[]{"xxx"});

		System.out.println("i"+i);
	}
	
	public void selectApi(){
		Cursor cursor = db.query("person", null, null, null, null, null, null, null);
		while(cursor.moveToNext()){
			String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
			String phone = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("phone"));
			String salary = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("salary"));
			System.out.println("name = " + name + "phone = " + phone + "salary = " + salary);
		}
	}
	
	public void transation(){
		try{
		//开启事务
			db.beginTransaction();
			ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
			values.put("salary", 40000);
			db.update("person", values, "name = ?", new String[]{"luodewu"});
			
			//上下都使用一个values防止数据干扰
			values.clear();
			values.put("salary", 20000);
			db.update("person", values, "name = ?", new String[]{"luodewuluodewu"});
			
			//设置事物执行成功
			db.setTransactionSuccessful();
		}
		finally{
			//关闭事物,同时提交,如果已经设置事务执行成功,sql语句就生效了,反之语句回滚
			db.endTransaction();
		}
		
	}

}

activity_main.xml布局文件。因为是测试case,这个文件没有什么用

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/hello_world" />

</RelativeLayout>