文章目录
- 一、C语言程序里全局变量、局部变量、堆、栈等概念,并在ubuntu系统中编程
- 1.1.程序代码
- 1.2.运行结果
- 二、重温C语言程序里全局变量、局部变量、堆、栈等概念,在Keil中针对stm32系统进行编程,调试变量,进行验证; 通过串口输出信息到上位机
- 1.程序代码
- 2.烧录及结果测试
一、C语言程序里全局变量、局部变量、堆、栈等概念,并在ubuntu系统中编程
1.1.程序代码
程序代码:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void before()
{
}
char g_buf[16];
char g_buf2[16];
char g_buf3[16];
char g_buf4[16];
char g_i_buf[]="123";
char g_i_buf2[]="123";
char g_i_buf3[]="123";
void after()
{
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
char l_buf[16];
char l_buf2[16];
char l_buf3[16];
static char s_buf[16];
static char s_buf2[16];
static char s_buf3[16];
char *p_buf;
char *p_buf2;
char *p_buf3;
p_buf = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * 16);
p_buf2 = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * 16);
p_buf3 = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * 16);
printf("g_buf: 0x%x\n", g_buf);
printf("g_buf2: 0x%x\n", g_buf2);
printf("g_buf3: 0x%x\n", g_buf3);
printf("g_buf4: 0x%x\n", g_buf4);
printf("g_i_buf: 0x%x\n", g_i_buf);
printf("g_i_buf2: 0x%x\n", g_i_buf2);
printf("g_i_buf3: 0x%x\n", g_i_buf3);
printf("l_buf: 0x%x\n", l_buf);
printf("l_buf2: 0x%x\n", l_buf2);
printf("l_buf3: 0x%x\n", l_buf3);
printf("s_buf: 0x%x\n", s_buf);
printf("s_buf2: 0x%x\n", s_buf2);
printf("s_buf3: 0x%x\n", s_buf3);
printf("p_buf: 0x%x\n", p_buf);
printf("p_buf2: 0x%x\n", p_buf2);
printf("p_buf3: 0x%x\n", p_buf3);
printf("before: 0x%x\n", before);
printf("after: 0x%x\n", after);
printf("main: 0x%x\n", main);
if (argc > 1)
{
strcpy(l_buf, argv[1]);
}
return 0;
}
1.2.运行结果
栈存放区域是由高地址到低地址向下增长
堆存放区是由低地址到高地址像上增长
静态变量地址从高地址到低地址向下增长
函数地址是从低地址到高地址向上增长
二、重温C语言程序里全局变量、局部变量、堆、栈等概念,在Keil中针对stm32系统进行编程,调试变量,进行验证; 通过串口输出信息到上位机
1.程序代码
在前面串口通信的代码中修改主程序
()
#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "bsp_usart.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int k1 = 1;
int k2;
static int k3 = 2;
static int k4;
void delay(uint32_t count)
{
while(count--);
}
int main(void)
{
USART_Config();
while(1)
{
static int m1=2, m2;
int i = 1;
char *p;
char str[10] = "hello";
char *var1 = "123456";
char *var2 = "abcdef";
int *p1 = malloc(4);
int *p2 = malloc(4);
printf("栈区-变量地址\n");
printf(" i:%p\n", &i);
printf(" p:%p\n", &p);
printf(" str:%p\n", str);
printf("\n堆区-动态申请地址\n");
printf(" %p\n", p1);
printf(" %p\n", p2);
printf("\n.bss段\n");
printf("全局外部无初值 k2:%p\n", &k2);
printf("静态外部无初值 k4:%p\n", &k4);
printf("静态内部无初值 m2:%p\n", &m2);
printf("\n.data段\n");
printf("全局外部有初值 k1:%p\n", &k1);
printf("静态外部有初值 k3:%p\n", &k3);
printf("静态内部有初值 m1:%p\n", &m1);
printf("\n常量区\n");
printf("文字常量地址 :%p\n",var1);
printf("文字常量地址 :%p\n",var2);
printf("\n代码区\n");
printf("程序区地址 :%p\n",&main);
free(p1);
free(p2);
delay(4000);
}
}
2.烧录及结果测试
编译生成hex文件
烧录进去
测试结果
stm32的栈区地址分配是按照高地址到低地址的方式进行分配,而堆区是按照低地址到高地址的方式进行分配,其他的区域基本上都按照从低地址向高地址的方式进行内存分配。