如何使用 shutdown 命令关闭系统对于服务器关闭，查明是否有任何用户登录到系统。# who
屏幕上会显示所有登录用户的列表。
关闭系统。# shutdown -iinit-state -ggrace-period -y–iinit-state使系统进入到与缺省级别 S 不同的 init 状态。选项包括 0、1、2、5 和 6。
运行级别 0 和 5 是为关闭系统而保留的状态。运行级别 6 用于重新引导系统。运行级别 2 可用作多用户操作状态。
–ggrace-period指示系统关闭前的时间(以秒为单位)。缺省值为 60 秒。
–y继续关闭系统，无需任何介入。否则，系统会提示您在 60 秒后继续执行关闭过程。
有关更多信息，请参见 shutdown(1M) 手册页。
如果系统要求您确认，请键入 y。Do you want to continue? (y or n): y
如果使用了 shutdown -y 命令，系统将不提示您继续操作。
如果出现提示，请键入 root 口令。Type Ctrl-d to proceed with normal startup,
(or give root password for system maintenance): xxxxxx
执行完任何系统管理任务后，请按 Ctrl-D 组合键，以返回到缺省的系统运行级别。
使用下表确认系统是否处于您在 shutdown 命令中指定的运行级别。指定的运行级别基于 x86 的系统提示符基于 SPARC 的系统提示符
S(单用户状态)##
0(电源关闭状态)#ok 或 >
运行级别 3(共享远程资源的多用户状态)hostname console login:hostname console login:示例 3-1使用 shutdown 命令使系统进入单用户状态(运行级别 S)
在以下示例中，使用 shutdown 命令使系统在三分钟内进入运行级别 S(单用户状态)。# who
root console Apr 15 06:20
# shutdown -g180 -y
Shutdown started. Fri Apr 15 06:20:45 MDT 2014
Broadcast Message from root (console) on portia Fri Apr 15 06:20:46...
The system portia will be shut down in 3 minutes
showmount: portia: RPC: Program not registered
Broadcast Message from root (console) on portia Fri Apr 15 06:21:46...
The system portia will be shut down in 2 minutes
showmount: portia: RPC: Program not registered
Broadcast Message from root (console) on portia Fri Apr 15 06:22:46...
The system portia will be shut down in 1 minute
showmount: portia: RPC: Program not registered
Broadcast Message from root (console) on portia Fri Apr 15 06:23:16...
The system portia will be shut down in 30 seconds
showmount: portia: RPC: Program not registered
Changing to init state s - please wait
svc.startd: The system is coming down for administration. Please wait.
root@portia:~# Apr 15 06:24:28 portia svc.startd[9]:
Apr 15 06:24:28 portia syslogd: going down on signal 15
svc.startd: Killing user processes.
Requesting System Maintenance Mode
(See /lib/svc/share/README for more information.)
SINGLE USER MODE
Enter user name for system maintenance (control-d to bypass):xxxxxx
#示例 3-2使用 shutdown 命令使系统进入关闭状态(运行级别 0)
在以下示例中，使用 shutdown 命令使系统在五分钟内进入运行级别 0，而无需进行其他确认操作。# who
root console Jun 17 12:39...
userabc pts/4 Jun 17 12:39 (:0.0)
# shutdown -i0 -g300 -y
Shutdown started. Fri Apr 15 06:35:48 MDT 2014
Broadcast Message from root (console) on murky Fri Apr 15 06:35:48...
The system pinkytusk will be shut down in 5 minutes
showmount: murkey: RPC: Program not registered
showmount: murkey: RPC: Program not registered
Broadcast Message from root (console) on murkey Fri Apr 15 06:38:48...
The system murkey will be shut down in 2 minutes
showmount: murkey: RPC: Program not registered
Broadcast Message from root (console) on murkey Fri Apr 15 06:39:48...
The system murkey will be shut down in 1 minute
showmount: murkey: RPC: Program not registered
Broadcast Message from root (console) on murkey Fri Apr 15 06:40:18...
The system murkey will be shut down in 30 seconds
showmount: murkey: RPC: Program not registered
Broadcast Message from root (console) on murkey Fri Apr 15 06:40:38...
THE SYSTEM murkey IS BEING SHUT DOWN NOW ! ! !
Log off now or risk your files being damaged
showmount: murkey: RPC: Program not registered
Changing to init state 0 - please wait
root@murkey:~# svc.startd: The system is coming down. Please wait.
svc.startd: 122 system services are now being stopped.
Apr 15 06:41:49 murkey svc.startd[9]:
Apr 15 06:41:50 murkey syslogd: going down on signal 15
svc.startd: Killing user processes.
Apr 15 06:41:57 The system is down. Shutdown took 69 seconds.
syncing file systems... done
Press any key to reboot.
Resetting...如果要使系统进入运行级别 0 以关闭所有设备的电源，请参见关闭系统设备电源。
示例 3-3使用 shutdown 命令使系统进入多用户状态(运行级别 3)
在以下示例中，使用 shutdown 命令在两分钟内将系统重新引导至运行级别 3。不需要进行其他确认。# who
root console Jun 14 15:49 (:0)
userabc pts/4 Jun 14 15:46 (:0.0)
# shutdown -i6 -g120 -y
Shutdown started. Fri Apr 15 06:46:50 MDT 2014
Broadcast Message from root (console) on venus Fri Apr 15 06:46:50...
The system venus will be shut down in 2 minutes
Broadcast Message from root (console) on venus Fri Apr 15 06:47:50...
The system venus will be shut down in 1 minute
Broadcast Message from root (console) on venus Fri Apr 15 06:48:20...
The system venus will be shut down in 30 seconds
Broadcast Message from root (console) on venus Fri Apr 15 06:48:40...
THE SYSTEM venus IS BEING SHUT DOWN NOW ! ! !
Log off now or risk your files being damaged
showmount: venus: RPC: Program not registered
Changing to init state 6 - please wait
root@venus:~# svc.startd: The system is coming down. Please wait.
svc.startd: 123 system services are now being stopped.
Apr 15 06:49:32 venus svc.startd[9]:
Apr 15 06:49:32 venus syslogd: going down on signal 15
svc.startd: Killing user processes.
Apr 15 06:49:40 The system is down. Shutdown took 50 seconds.
syncing file systems... done
rebooting...
SunOS Release 5.11 Version 11.2 64-bit
Copyright (c) 1983, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Booting to milestone "milestone/single-user:default".
Hostname: venus
NIS domain name is solaris.example.comvenus console login:
另请参见
无论您为何关闭系统，您都可能希望返回运行级 3，在该级别下所有的文件资源都可用且用户可以登录。有关将系统恢复到多用户状态的说明，请参见Chapter 4, 引导系统(任务)。
