一、使用HTTP协议下载文件

文件下载步骤:

1) 创建一个HttpURLConnection对象

HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();

  2) 获得一个InputStream对象

urlConnection.getInputStream();

  3) 获得网络权限

android.permission.INTERNET

 

二、将下载的文件写入SD Card

1) 得到当前设备SD卡的目录

Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();

  2) 访问SD卡的权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

 

 

三、测试程序

DownloadActivity.java

package com.android.activity;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;

import com.android.utils.HttpDownloader;

public class DownloadActivity extends Activity {

	private Button downloadfile = null;
	private Button downloadmp3 = null;
	
	@Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        
        downloadfile = (Button)findViewById(R.id.downloadfile);
        downloadmp3 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.downloadmp3);
        
        downloadfile.setText(R.string.downloadfile);
        downloadmp3.setText(R.string.downloadmp3);
        
        downloadfile.setOnClickListener(new DownloadFileListener());
        downloadmp3.setOnClickListener(new DownloadMP3Listener());
    }
	
	class DownloadFileListener implements OnClickListener{

		public void onClick(View v) {
			HttpDownloader httpDownloader = new HttpDownloader();
			String txt = httpDownloader.download("http://221.206.235.201:8080/download/panghuang.txt");
			System.out.println(txt);
		}
		
	}
	
	class DownloadMP3Listener implements OnClickListener{
		
		public void onClick(View v){
			HttpDownloader httpDownloader = new HttpDownloader();
			int downloadResult = httpDownloader.downloadFile("http://221.206.235.201:8080/download/lovestory.mp3","TaylorSwift/","lovestory.mp3");
			System.out.println(downloadResult);
		}
	}
}

 

  HttpDownloader.java

package com.android.utils;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;

public class HttpDownloader {
	
	private URL url = null;
	
	/**
	 * 根据URL下载文件,前提是这个文件当中的内容是文本,函数的返回值就是文件当中的内容
	 * 1.创建一个URL对象
	 * 2.通过URL对象,创建一个HttpURLConnection对象
	 * 3.得到InputStram
	 * 4.从InputStream当中读取数据
	 * @param url
	 * @return
	 */
	public String download(String fileURL){
		
		StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
		String line = null;
		BufferedReader buffer = null;
		try{
			//创建一个URL对象
			url = new URL(fileURL);
			//创建一个HTTP连接
			HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
			//使用IO流读取数据
			buffer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(urlConnection.getInputStream()));
			while((line = buffer.readLine()) != null){
				stringBuffer.append(line);
			}
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			try{
				buffer.close();
			}catch(Exception e){
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		
		return stringBuffer.toString();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 可以下载任意文件,返回-1代表下载出错,返回0代表下载成功,返回1代表文件已存在
	 * 参数为源URL地址、目标路径、文件名
	 */
	public int downloadFile(String fileURL,String path,String fileName){
		InputStream inputStream = null;
		try {
			FileUtils fileUtils = new FileUtils();
			
			if (fileUtils.isFileExist(path + fileName)) {
				return 1;
			} else {
				url = new URL(fileURL);
				HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
				inputStream = urlConnection.getInputStream();
				File resultFile = fileUtils.writeToSDFromInput(path,fileName, inputStream);
				
				if (resultFile == null) {
					return -1;
				}
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return -1;
		} finally {
			try {
				inputStream.close();
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}

		return 0;
	}
}

 

  FileUtils.java

package com.android.utils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;

import android.os.Environment;

public class FileUtils {
	
	private String SDPATH;

	public String getSDPATH() {
		return SDPATH;
	}
	
	public FileUtils() {
		//得到当前外部存储设备的目录,得到的目录名/SDCARD
		SDPATH = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/";
	}
	
	/**
	 * 在SD卡上创建文件
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public File creatSDFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
		File file = new File(SDPATH + fileName);
		file.createNewFile();
		return file;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 在SD卡上创建目录
	 * @param dirName
	 */
	public File creatSDDir(String dirName) {
		File dir = new File(SDPATH + dirName);
		dir.mkdir();
		return dir;
	}

	/**
	 * 判断SD卡上的文件夹是否存在
	 */
	public boolean isFileExist(String fileName){
		File file = new File(SDPATH + fileName);
		return file.exists();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 将一个InputStream里面的数据写入到SD卡中
	 */
	public File writeToSDFromInput(String path,String fileName,InputStream input){
		File file = null;
		OutputStream output = null;
		try{
			creatSDDir(path);
			file = creatSDFile(path + fileName);
			output = new FileOutputStream(file);
			byte buffer [] = new byte[4 * 1024];
			while((input.read(buffer)) != -1){
				output.write(buffer);
			}
			output.flush();
		}
		catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		finally{
			try{
				output.close();
			}
			catch(Exception e){
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return file;
	}

}

 main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >
<TextView  
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:text="@string/app_name"
    />
    
    <Button 
    	android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    	android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    	android:id="@+id/downloadfile"
    	/>
    	
    <Button 
    	android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    	android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    	android:id="@+id/downloadmp3"
    	/>
</LinearLayout>

 

  AndroidManifest.xml


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package="com.android.activity"
      android:versionCode="1"
      android:versionName="1.0">
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="10" />

    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity android:name=".DownloadActivity"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
	
    </application>
    <!-- 在SDCard中创建与删除文件的权限 -->                     
	<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS" /> 
	<!-- 往SDCard写入数据权限 --> 
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
</manifest>

 

应该注意的问题:

本来嘛,文件下载很简单,无非记住上面的几个步骤,外加IO的一些知识,但是就这么个小程序会有很多让人头疼的问题。

 

1. 首先,在manifest.xml文件中一定要加入对SD卡操作的权限,这点只要是文件下载都会提到,但是这个权限加在哪个标签里一定要注意,最初片面的认为哪个Activity访问,则把权限加在哪个Activity的标签里,结果出错了,好久好久才找到,应该是加在manifest标签里的!

 

2. 其次,是访问Tomcat中文件的URL问题,一定不要用localhost或127.0.0.1,因为是在模拟器上访问电脑本机,当前的localhost指的是模拟器而不是电脑本机。要想访问tomcat上的文件,一定要加上电脑本机的IP地址。

 

3. 最后,URL中不能有中文,不能有空格,否则就是郁闷死了也找不到!

总之细节决定成败!

运行结果:

tomcat中的文件: