OpenStack的存储组件—Cinder和Swift—让你在你的私有云里构建块存储和对象的存储系统，Openstack从Folsom开始使用Cinder替换原来的Nova-Volume服务，为Openstack云平台提供块存储服务，Cinder接口提供了一些标准功能，允许创建和附加块设备到虚拟机，如“创建卷”，“删除卷”和“附加卷”。还有更多高级的功能，支持扩展容量的能力，快照和创建虚拟机镜像克隆，主要涉及到的组件如下：
cinder-api：接受API请求，并将其路由到“cinder-volume“执行，即请求cinder要先请求此对外API。
cinder-volume：与块存储服务和例如“cinder-scheduler“的进程进行直接交互。它也可以与这些进程通过一个消息队列进行交互。“cinder-volume“服务响应送到块存储服务的读写请求来维持状态。它也可以和多种存储提供者在驱动架构下进行交互。
cinder-scheduler守护进程：选择最优存储提供节点来创建卷。其与“nova-scheduler“组件类似。
cinder-backup守护进程：“cinder-backup“服务提供任何种类备份卷到一个备份存储提供者。就像“cinder-volume“服务，它与多种存储提供者在驱动架构下进行交互。
消息队列：在块存储的进程之间路由信息。
17.1创建cinder数据库
# mysql -uroot –p
> CREATE DATABASE cinder;
> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO 'cinder'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'cinde
r123';
> flush privileges;
17.2控制端数据访问验证
# mysql -ucinder -h192.168.10.100 -pcinder123
17.3控制端cinder服务注册
17.3.1创建cinder用户并授权
# source admin-ocata.sh
# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt cinder
User Password:
Repeat User Password:
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | 81672c29064942aea8fb754820ddb76a |
| enabled | True |
| id | f12af1d5583e4b179354c3b4d8d0d778 |
| name | cinder |
| options | {} |
| password_expires_at | None |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
#授权admin权限
# openstack role add --project service --user cinder admin17.3.2创建服务
# v2,v3版本创建
# openstack service create --name cinderv2 --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev2
# v2,v3版本创建
# openstack service create --name cinderv3 --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev3
17.3.3注册V2版本endpoint
#公共端点：
# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 public http://192.168.10.100:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | cf87da53a7754996972b7ef2baf73933 |
| interface | public |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 8077b7de84fc4b32a288306459bad10b |
| service_name | cinderv2 |
| service_type | volumev2 |
| url | http://192.168.10.100:8776/v2/%(project_id)s |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
#私有端点：
# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 internal http://192.168.10.100:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 4d8cfb82cd4a4015876df6aafc8bb219 |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 8077b7de84fc4b32a288306459bad10b |
| service_name | cinderv2 |
| service_type | volumev2 |
| url | http://192.168.10.100:8776/v2/%(project_id)s |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
#管理端点：
# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 admin http://192.168.10.100:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 686d554b483a4a52b36c6b6a6c3a2feb |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 8077b7de84fc4b32a288306459bad10b |
| service_name | cinderv2 |
| service_type | volumev2 |
| url | http://192.168.10.100:8776/v2/%(project_id)s |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+17.3.4注册V3版本endpoint
#公共端点：
# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev3 public http://192.168.10.100:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 729e23316e964ff6bc6315f4d95e590a |
| interface | public |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 4234b69629ac4e6bbabcd72c8bb0ab81 |
| service_name | cinderv3 |
| service_type | volumev3 |
| url | http://192.168.10.100:8776/v3/%(project_id)s |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
#私有端点：
# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev3 internal http://192.168.10.100:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 0541cfdf2d99477fb4105aac045f0399 |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 4234b69629ac4e6bbabcd72c8bb0ab81 |
| service_name | cinderv3 |
| service_type | volumev3 |
| url | http://192.168.10.100:8776/v3/%(project_id)s |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
#管理端点：
# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev3 admin http://192.168.10.100:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 3b45ed17bb724479a49df89e49a0e2ae |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 4234b69629ac4e6bbabcd72c8bb0ab81 |
| service_name | cinderv3 |
| service_type | volumev3 |
| url | http://192.168.10.100:8776/v3/%(project_id)s |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
17.4配置haproxy负载
# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
listen cinder
bind 192.168.10.100:8776
mode tcp
log global
balance source
server cinder-server 192.168.10.201:8776 check inter 5000 rise 3 fall 3
# systemctl reload haproxy.service17.5安装并配置cinder组件
17.5.1控制端安装cinder
# yum install openstack-cinder –y
17.5.2编辑配置文件cinder.conf
# vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf
1:[DEFAULT]
263:my_ip = 192.168.10.201
376:auth_strategy = keystone
3243:transport_url = rabbit://openstack:123456@192.168.10.205
3518:[database]
3546:connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:cinder123@192.168.10.100/cinder
3767:[keystone_authtoken]
3768:auth_uri = http://192.168.10.100:5000
3769:auth_url = http://192.168.10.100:35357
3770:memcached_servers = 192.168.10.100:11211
3771:auth_type = password
3772:project_domain_name = default
3773:user_domain_name = default
3774:project_name = service
3775:username = cinder
3776:password = cinder
3996:[oslo_concurrency]
4012:lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp17.5.3同步并验证数据库
# su -s /bin/sh -c "cinder-manage db sync" cinder
17.5.4验证数据库同步成功
# mysql -ucinder -h192.168.10.100 -pcinder123
17.5.5控制端重启nova-api服务
# systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service
17.5.6启动块存储服务cinder
# systemctl enable openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service
# systemctl start openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service
17.5.7验证cinder日志
# tail -f /var/log/cinder/*.log
17.6配置计算节点使用cinder存储
17.6.1编辑配置文件nova.conf
# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
3982 [cinder]
4031 os_region_name=RegionOne
17.6.2重启nova服务
# systemctl restart libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
17.6.3验证cinder控制端
# openstack volume service list
17.7配置存储节点
17.7.1添加磁盘
在负载服务器(或其他指定服务器)新添加一块50G的磁盘然后点确定：
17.7.2安装LVM包
# yum install lvm2 –y
17.7.3启动LVM并设置为开机启动
# systemctl enable lvm2-lvmetad.service
# systemctl start lvm2-lvmetad.service
17.7.4动态识别新磁盘
# ll /sys/class/scsi_host/host
host0/ host1/ host2/
# echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan
# echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host1/scan
# echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/scan
17.7.5验证磁盘
#fdisk -l
17.7.6创建物理卷和卷组
# pvcreate /dev/sdb
Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created.
# vgcreate cinder-volumes /dev/sdb
Volume group "cinder-volumes" successfully created
17.8存储安装并配置组件
在负载服务器安装配置
17.8.1安装组件
# yum install openstack-cinder targetcli python-keystone –y
17.8.2编辑配置文件cinder.conf
# vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf
1:[DEFAULT]
283:my_ip = 192.168.10.205
288:glance_api_servers = http://192.168.10.100:9292
400:auth_strategy = keystone
404:enabled_backends = lvm
1210:transport_url = rabbit://openstack:123456@192.168.10.205
3730:[database]
3749:connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:cinder123@192.168.10.100/cinder
3973:[keystone_authtoken]
3974:auth_uri = http://192.168.10.100:5000
3975:auth_url = http://192.168.10.100:35357
3976:memcached_servers = 192.168.10.100:11211
3977:auth_type = password
3978:project_domain_name = default
3979:user_domain_name = default
3980:project_name = service
3981:username = cinder
3982:password = cinder
4249:[oslo_concurrency]
4263:lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp
4904:[lvm]
4905:volume_driver = cinder.volume.drivers.lvm.LVMVolumeDriver
4906:volume_group = cinder-volumes
4907:iscsi_protocol = iscsi
4908:iscsi_helper = lioadm
4909:volume_backend_name=Openstack-lvm
17.8.3启动服务并设置为开机启动
# systemctl enable openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
# systemctl start openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
17.8.4验证日志
17.8.5控制端验证cinder注册
# openstack volume service list
17.9验证卷使用
17.9.1创建卷
使用admin或者demo用户登录到管理界面，点击卷—创建卷：
17.9.2填写卷信息
17.9.3查看卷状态
17.9.4关联到虚拟机
17.9.5关联到目标虚拟机
17.9.6连接后的卷状态
17.9.7虚拟机验证磁盘
17.9.8格式化磁盘
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb
17.9.9挂载磁盘并复制数据
17.9.10磁盘挂载至其他虚拟机
新创建一个虚拟机，用于将上一步关联的卷分离后挂载到新的虚拟机上进行测试。
17.9.10.1卸载卷
在之前的虚拟机将卷卸载。
17.9.10.2磁盘分离
点击项目-卷-管理连接：
17.9.10.3分离卷
17.9.10.4确认分离
17.9.10.5挂载至新实例
在管理连接界面，将卷关联至test-vm2：
17.9.10.6关联成功
17.9.10.7新实例验证磁盘
验证可以挂载关联的磁盘并可以查看之前的数据
