influxdb命令使用
1、数据构成
INSERT cpu_load_short,host=server01,region=us-west value=0.64,value2=0.86 1434055562000000000
第一部分:“cpu_load_short,host=server01,region=us-west”
第一部分称为key,key中包含了measurement name(类似表)和tags(tags又分为tag key和tag value,tags可以有多个)
注意:在tag value中的空格应以“\”加上空格表示,tags中的值必须是string类型,其实是起到索引的作用
第二部分:“value=0.64,value2=0.86”
第二部分称为Field,同样和tags的形式相同,都是键值对的形式,但是tags中的值必须是string类型,而Field中的值可以为Integer、float、Boolean、string类型,
若为Integer类型,则值后必须加“i”,否则该值为float类型,
比如value=23意味着这个值23是float类型,
而value=23i,意味着值23是Integer类型。
Boolean类型的值的表示方式有很多,直接写成:t, T, true, TRUE, f, F, false或 FALSE都可以。
第三部分(可选):“1434055562000000000”
第三部分称为Timestamp,是时间戳,如果该部分省略,则默认将当前时间的时间戳插入数据库,否则按照用户输入的时间戳插入。
注意:influxdb默认使用UTC时区展示数据
2、创建及使用数据库
CREATE DATABASE "testDB" --创建数据库
show databases --展示所有数据库
use testDB使用 --数据库
3、增删改查命令
查询表信息
SHOW MEASUREMENTS --查询当前数据库中含有的表
SHOW FIELD KEYS --查看当前数据库所有表的字段
SHOW series from pay --查看key数据
SHOW TAG KEYS FROM "pay" --查看key中tag key值
SHOW TAG VALUES FROM "pay" WITH KEY = "merId" --查看key中tag 指定key值对应的值
SHOW TAG VALUES FROM cpu WITH KEY IN ("region", "host") WHERE service = 'redis'
DROP SERIES FROM <measurement_name[,measurement_name]> WHERE <tag_key>='<tag_value>' --删除key
SHOW CONTINUOUS QUERIES --查看连续执行命令
SHOW QUERIES --查看最后执行命令
KILL QUERY <qid> --结束命令
SHOW RETENTION POLICIES ON mydb --查看保留数据
查询数据
SELECT * FROM /.*/ LIMIT 1 --查询当前数据库下所有表的第一行记录
select * from pay order by time desc limit 2
select * from db_name."POLICIES name".measurement_name --指定查询数据库下数据保留中的表数据 POLICIES name数据保留
删除数据
delete from "query" --删除表所有数据,则表就不存在了
drop MEASUREMENT "query" --删除表(注意会把数据保留删除使用delete不会)
DELETE FROM cpu
DELETE FROM cpu WHERE time < '2000-01-01T00:00:00Z'
DELETE WHERE time < '2000-01-01T00:00:00Z'
DROP DATABASE “testDB” --删除数据库
DROP RETENTION POLICY "dbbak" ON mydb --删除保留数据为dbbak数据
DROP SERIES from pay where tag_key='' --删除key中的tag
SHOW SHARDS --查看数据存储文件
DROP SHARD 1
SHOW SHARD GROUPS
SHOW SUBSCRIPTIONS
4、函数使用
mean-平均值
sum-总和
min-最小值
max-最大值
count-总个数
select * from pay order by time desc limit 2
select mean(allTime) from pay where time >= today() group by time(10m) time_zone(+8)
select * from pay time_zone(+8) limit 2
SELECT sum(allTime) FROM "pay" WHERE time > now() - 10s
select count(allTime) from pay where time > now() - 10m group by time(1s)
5、用户管理命令
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SHOW USERS
CREATE USER jdoe WITH PASSWORD '1337password' -- Create a normal database user.
CREATE USER jdoe WITH PASSWORD '1337password' WITH ALL PRIVILEGES -- Create an admin user.
REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES FROM jdoe revoke admin privileges from jdoe
REVOKE READ ON mydb FROM jdoe -- revoke read privileges from jdoe on mydb
SHOW GRANTS FOR jdoe -- show grants for jdoe
GRANT ALL TO jdoe -- grant admin privileges
GRANT READ ON mydb TO jdoe -- grant read access to a database
DROP USER jdoe
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6、数据保留命令
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查看保留期 SHOW RETENTION POLICIES ON mydb
修改保留期 ALTER RETENTION POLICY default ON online DEFAULT
删除保留期 DROP RETENTION POLICY <retentionpolicy> ON <database>
创建保留期 CREATE RETENTION POLICY "rp_name" ON "db_name" DURATION 30d REPLICATION 1 DEFAULT
rp_name:策略名
db_name:具体的数据库名
30d:保存30天,30天之前的数据将被删除
它具有各种时间参数,比如:h(小时),w(星期)m minutes h hours d days w weeks INF infinite
REPLICATION 1:副本个数,这里填1就可以了
DEFAULT 设为默认的策略
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7、创建持续性数据处理结果 提供后续查询
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-- selects from default retention policy and writes into 6_months retention policy
CREATE CONTINUOUS QUERY "10m_event_count"
ON db_name
BEGIN
SELECT count(value)
INTO "6_months".events
FROM events
GROUP BY time(10m)
END;
-- this selects from the output of one continuous query in one retention policy and outputs to another series in another retention policy
CREATE CONTINUOUS QUERY "1h_event_count"
ON db_name
BEGIN
SELECT sum(count) as count
INTO "2_years".events
FROM "6_months".events
GROUP BY time(1h)
END;
-- this customizes the resample interval so the interval is queried every 10s and intervals are resampled until 2m after their start time
-- when resample is used, at least one of "EVERY" or "FOR" must be used
CREATE CONTINUOUS QUERY "cpu_mean"
ON db_name
RESAMPLE EVERY 10s FOR 2m
BEGIN
SELECT mean(value)
INTO "cpu_mean"
FROM "cpu"
GROUP BY time(1m)
END;
DROP CONTINUOUS QUERY <cq_name> ON <database_name> --删除
SHOW CONTINUOUS QUERIES --查看连续执行命令
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8、http api
1. 普通保存
curl -i -X POST 'http://127.0.0.1:8086/write?db=online' --data-binary 'pay,host=1,merId=1234567890,orderFlag=1 allTime=347,ecifTime=39,icqTime=88'
2.Write points from a file by passing @filename to curl.
cpu_data.txt内容如下:
cpu_load_short,host=server02 value=0.67
cpu_load_short,host=server02,region=us-west value=0.55 1422568543702900257
cpu_load_short,direction=in,host=server01,region=us-west value=2.0 1422568543702900257
Write the data in cpu_data.txt to the mydb database with:
curl -i -XPOST 'http://localhost:8086/write?db=mydb' --data-binary @cpu_data.txt
3.单查询
curl -GET 'http://localhost:8086/query?pretty=true' --data-urlencode "db=mydb" --data-urlencode "q=SELECT value FROM cpu_load_short WHERE region='us-west'"
4.多查询
curl -G 'http://localhost:8086/query?pretty=true' --data-urlencode "db=mydb" --data-urlencode
"q=SELECT value FROM cpu_load_short WHERE region='us-west';SELECT count(value) FROM cpu_load_short WHERE region='us-west'"
5.格式化time
epoch=[h,m,s,ms,u,ns]
curl -G 'http://localhost:8086/query' --data-urlencode "db=mydb" --data-urlencode "epoch=s" --data-urlencode "q=SELECT value FROM cpu_load_short WHERE region='us-west'"
influxdb 的定时聚合