一.简介
AES是一种分组密码,用以取代DES的商业应用,其分组长度为128位,秘钥长度为128位、192位或256位。
AES采用Feistel结构,每轮由四个单独的运算组成:字节代替、置换、有限域上的算术运算以及与秘钥的异或运算。
二.下面给出AES的实现
1.工程结构:
2.下面是java实现AES对称加密并进行测试的全部代码:
AES.java
package aes;
import java.security.Key;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
public class AES {
/**
* 秘钥算法
*/
public static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "AES";
/**
* 加密/解密算法 工作模式 填充方式
*/
public static final String CIPHER_ALGORITHM = "AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding";
/**
* 转换秘钥
* @param key
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static Key toKey(byte[] key) throws Exception{
//实例化AES秘钥材料
SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key, KEY_ALGORITHM);
return secretKey;
}
/**
* 解密操作
* @param data
* @param key
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static byte[] decrypt(byte[] data, byte[] key) throws Exception{
//还原秘钥
Key k = toKey(key);
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM);
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, k);
return cipher.doFinal(data);
}
/**
* 加密操作
* @param data
* @param key
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static byte[] encrypt(byte[] data, byte[] key) throws Exception{
//还原秘钥
Key k = toKey(key);
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM);
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, k);
return cipher.doFinal(data);
}
public static byte[] initKey() throws Exception{
//实例化
KeyGenerator kg = KeyGenerator.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
kg.init(256);
SecretKey secretKey = kg.generateKey();
return secretKey.getEncoded();
}
}
AESTest.java
package aes;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
public class AESTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String inputMessage = "好好学习,天天向上!";
System.out.println("明文:\n" + inputMessage);
byte[] inputData = inputMessage.getBytes();
//初始化秘钥
byte[] key = AES.initKey();
System.out.println("秘钥:\n" + Base64.encodeBase64String(key));
//加密
inputData = AES.encrypt(inputData, key);
System.out.println("加密得到的密文:\n" + Base64.encodeBase64String(inputData));
//解密
byte[] outputData = AES.decrypt(inputData, key);
String outputMessage = new String(outputData);
System.out.println("解密得到的明文:\n" + outputMessage);
}
}
三.运行结果: