java实际开发中多层嵌套判断计算结果优化多层try catch嵌套

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mob6454cc6a249f 2024-07-19 21:43:17

文章标签 java spring 抛出异常主方法 文章分类 Java 后端开发

实践测试

在单元测试中写入以下方法:
testMain()主方法,
out()里面嵌套了两层try catch
异常代码写在内层try中

示例一：

@Test
    public void testMain(){
        out();
        log.info("后续处理业务");
    }

    public void out(){
        //外层try
        try {
            System.out.println("外层输出");
            //内层try
            try {
                int i = 2/0; //异常代码
            }catch (Exception e){
                log.error("内层异常",e);
            }

        }catch (Exception e){
            log.error("外层异常",e);
        }
    }

日志信息：

java实际开发中多层嵌套判断计算结果优化多层try catch嵌套_spring

外层输出
20:38:27.172 [main] ERROR com.eshore.paas.ops.serv.secondalert.secondAlertTest - 内层异常
java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
	at com.eshore.paas.ops.serv.secondalert.secondAlertTest.out(secondAlertTest.java:52)
	at com.eshore.paas.ops.serv.secondalert.secondAlertTest.testMain(secondAlertTest.java:42)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
	at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
	at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:69)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:221)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:54)
20:38:27.179 [main] INFO com.eshore.paas.ops.serv.secondalert.secondAlertTest - 后续处理业务

可以看到,内层try中的异常由内层catch处理了，外层catch并未处理，主方法后续业务逻辑并未受到影响，可正常执行.

示例二：

内层try catch中添加throw new RuntimeException("内层抛出异常",e)将异常抛出

@Test
    public void testMain(){
        out();
        log.info("后续处理业务");
    }

    public void out(){
        //外层try
        try {
            System.out.println("外层输出");
            //内层try
            try {
                int i = 2/0;
            }catch (Exception e){
                log.error("内层异常",e);
                //向外抛出异常
                throw new RuntimeException("抛出异常",e);
            }

        }catch (Exception e){
            log.error("外层异常",e);
        }
    }

日志信息:

java实际开发中多层嵌套判断计算结果优化多层try catch嵌套_抛出异常_02

外层输出
20:47:15.890 [main] ERROR com.eshore.paas.ops.serv.secondalert.secondAlertTest - 内层异常
java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
	at com.eshore.paas.ops.serv.secondalert.secondAlertTest.out(secondAlertTest.java:52)
	at com.eshore.paas.ops.serv.secondalert.secondAlertTest.testMain(secondAlertTest.java:42)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
	at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
	at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:69)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:221)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:54)
20:47:15.894 [main] ERROR com.eshore.paas.ops.serv.secondalert.secondAlertTest - 外层异常
java.lang.RuntimeException: 内层抛出异常
	at com.eshore.paas.ops.serv.secondalert.secondAlertTest.out(secondAlertTest.java:55)
	at com.eshore.paas.ops.serv.secondalert.secondAlertTest.testMain(secondAlertTest.java:42)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
	at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
	at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:69)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:221)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:54)
Caused by: java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
	at com.eshore.paas.ops.serv.secondalert.secondAlertTest.out(secondAlertTest.java:52)
	... 23 common frames omitted
20:47:15.894 [main] INFO com.eshore.paas.ops.serv.secondalert.secondAlertTest - 后续处理业务

内层try catch向外抛出异常以后，外层try catch捕获了异常，并打印日志。主方法中后续处理业务逻辑正常执行。

示例三：

在外层try catch中再次将异常抛出throw new RuntimeException("外层抛出异常",e);

@Test
    public void testMain(){
        out();
        log.info("后续处理业务");
    }

    public void out(){
        //外层try
        try {
            System.out.println("外层输出");
            //内层try
            try {
                int i = 2/0;
            }catch (Exception e){
                log.error("内层异常",e);
                throw new RuntimeException("内层抛出异常",e);
            }

        }catch (Exception e){
            log.error("外层异常",e);
            //向外抛出异常
            throw new RuntimeException("外层抛出异常",e);
        }
    }

日志信息：

java实际开发中多层嵌套判断计算结果优化多层try catch嵌套_抛出异常_03

可以看到，程序运行错误。
因为out()方法外层try catch抛出异常以后，主方法并未进行处理导致的

改进:
在主方法中，对out()添加一层try catch进行异常处理:

@Test
    public void testMain(){
    //添加异常处理
        try {
            out();
        }catch (Exception e){
            log.info("处理out()方法异常",e);
        }

        log.info("后续处理业务");
    }

    public void out(){
        //外层try
        try {
            System.out.println("外层输出");
            //内层try
            try {
                int i = 2/0;
            }catch (Exception e){
                log.error("内层异常",e);
                throw new RuntimeException("内层抛出异常",e);
            }

        }catch (Exception e){
            log.error("外层异常",e);
            throw new RuntimeException("外层抛出异常",e);
        }
    }

此时可以看到主方法处理异常以后，可以正常向下执行.

java实际开发中多层嵌套判断计算结果优化多层try catch嵌套_java_04

示例四

如果out()方法中的异常代码不在try 代码块中，且主方法也没有对out()方法进行异常捕获处理会怎样?
代码：

@Test
    public void testMain(){
        out();
        log.info("后续处理业务");
    }

    public void out(){
        //添加异常代码，不在try 代码块中
        int j = 3/0;

        //外层try
        try {
            System.out.println("外层输出");
            //内层try
            try {
                int i = 2/0;
            }catch (Exception e){
                log.error("内层异常",e);
                throw new RuntimeException("内层抛出异常",e);
            }

        }catch (Exception e){
            log.error("外层异常",e);
            throw new RuntimeException("外层抛出异常",e);
        }
    }

日志:

java实际开发中多层嵌套判断计算结果优化多层try catch嵌套_主方法_05

程序直接报错

那么该如何处理?
在out()的上层方法即主方法中,对out()进行异常处理

@Test
    public void testMain(){
    //对out()进行异常处理
        try {
            out();
        }catch (Exception e){
            log.info("处理out()方法异常",e);
        }

        log.info("后续处理业务");
    }

    public void out(){
        int j = 3/0;

        //外层try
        try {
            System.out.println("外层输出");
            //内层try
            try {
                int i = 2/0;
            }catch (Exception e){
                log.error("内层异常",e);
                throw new RuntimeException("内层抛出异常",e);
            }

        }catch (Exception e){
            log.error("外层异常",e);
            throw new RuntimeException("外层抛出异常",e);
        }
    }

日志信息:

java实际开发中多层嵌套判断计算结果优化多层try catch嵌套_主方法_06