oula系统安装mysql 如何安装mysql5.0数据库

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mob6454cc685264 2024-08-21 07:46:09

文章标签 oula系统安装mysql linux系统下数据库的安装 mysql MySQL linux 文章分类 MySQL 数据库

一. 准备工作1 删除本地CentOS7中的mariadb：

查看系统中是否已安装 mariadb 服务：

rpm -qa | grep mariadb

或

yum list installed | grep mariadb

如果已安装则删除 mariadb及其依赖的包：

yum -y remove mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64

关闭防火墙：

firewall-cmd --state #查看防火墙状态

systemctl stop firewalld.service #关闭防火墙

systemctl is-enabled firewalld.service;echo $? #查看防火墙是否开机自启

systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止防火墙开机启动

MySQL依赖于libaio 库，安装libaio

yum search libaio

yum install libaio

2.下载安装包

mkdir /data

cd /data/

yum -y install wget

wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

3. 解压、重命名

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /data

mv /data/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /data/mysql57

mkdir mysql #数据目录与安装目录分离，便于以后MySQL升级二. 安装MySQL1.添加用户和组

groupadd mysql

useradd mysql -g mysql2.配置文件

/etc/my.cnf

主要参数及取值如下：

(相关取值，请根据实际环境做调整，如内存配置参数等)

#######[client] socket = /data/mysql/data/mysql.sock default-character-set=utf8mb4#loose-local-infile=0[mysqld]log_bin_trust_function_creators=1secure_file_priv='/tmp'########dir settings########basedir = /data/mysql57datadir = /data/mysql/datapid-file = /data/mysql/data/mysql.pidsocket = /data/mysql/data/mysql.sock tmpdir = /data/mysql/tmplog-bin = /data/mysql/mysql_log/mysql-binlog-error = /data/mysql/mysql_log/mysql.errgeneral_log_file=/data/mysql/mysql_log/mysql.genlogslow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/mysql_log/mysql_slow_new.logrelay_log = /data/mysql/mysql_log/relay.log########server setting########sql_mode = "ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"server-id = 2022port = 3306character-set-server=utf8mb4collation_server=utf8mb4_unicode_cilower_case_table_names = 0skip_name_resolve = 1#max_connect_errors = 1000max_connections = 2000thread_cache_size=256#thread_stack= 262144#back_log=80max_allowed_packet = 134217728event_scheduler = 1 local-infile=0# lower_case_table_names = 1explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1expire_logs_days = 15log_bin_trust_function_creators =1####.frm/.ibd files qty relatedopen_files_limit=65535innodb_open_files=65535table_open_cache=65535table_definition_cache=65535#### seesion buffer relatedread_buffer_size = 262144read_rnd_buffer_size = 524288sort_buffer_size = 8388608join_buffer_size = 8388608####memory table size tmp_table_size =67108864max_heap_table_size=67108864####timeoutinteractive_timeout = 1800wait_timeout = 1800# connect_timeout=10########slow query ########slow_query_log = 1log_slow_slave_statements = 1log_queries_not_using_indexes = 1log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 10long_query_time = 1#min_examined_row_limit = 10000########innodb settings########innodb_buffer_pool_size = 193273528320innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 16 innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct = 40innodb_lru_scan_depth = 2048innodb_page_cleaners = 16#innodb_purge_threads = 4innodb_sort_buffer_size = 67108864#innodb_file_per_table = 1#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1innodb_undo_log_truncate = 1innodb_undo_tablespaces = 3 innodb_max_undo_log_size = 2147483648innodb_purge_rseg_truncate_frequency = 128innodb_log_file_size = 1073741824innodb_log_files_in_group = 3innodb_log_buffer_size = 16777216innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECTinnodb_flush_neighbors = 0innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1innodb_strict_mode = 1#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50innodb_io_capacity = 32768innodb_io_capacity_max = 65536innodb_thread_concurrency = 32innodb_write_io_threads = 8innodb_read_io_threads = 8########replication settings########master_info_repository = TABLErelay_log_info_repository = TABLEgtid_mode = onenforce_gtid_consistency = 1binlog_gtid_simple_recovery=1relay_log_recovery = 1slave-parallel-type = LOGICAL_CLOCKslave-parallel-workers = 16slave_transaction_retries=128slave_preserve_commit_order=1log_slave_updates=1binlog_format = ROWlog_timestamps=systembinlog_rows_query_log_events = 1binlog_row_image='full' slave_skip_errors = ddl_exist_errors########semi sync replication settings##########plugin_dir=/data/mysql/plugin/#plugin_load = "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"#rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1#rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 5000#rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1[mysqldump]quick

说明：

请一定记得上面配置模板文件中的server-id 参数一定要修改。

否则在配置主从复制，或者MHA时会报错。

例如错误信息：

2018-10-09T16:13:53.205115+08:00 11 [ERROR] [MY-013117] [Repl] Slave I/O for channel '': Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server ids; these ids must be different for replication to work (or the --replicate-same-server-id option must be used on slave but this does not always make sense; please check the manual before using it). Error_code: MY-0131173. 创建目录并授权
cd /data/mysql
mkdir mysql_log
chown -R mysql.mysql mysql_log/
mkdir tmp
chown -R mysql.mysql tmp/

说明：

有时候，可能我们只是将MYSQL的二进制文件从其它的服务器Copy至本地。

例如我们在安装MYSQL8.0 时，安装文件从其它的服务，Copy到本地，文件命名为mysql80。如下图：

此时还需要执行以下权限，所以我手动增加了一下权限，执行代码如下：

chmod -R 755 /data/mysql80/bin/4.初始化MySQL/data/mysql57/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/data/mysql57 --datadir=/data/mysql/data

说明：

主参数--defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf必须紧接在mysqld后面，如果做第二个以后的参数加入时，则会出现报错：

[ERROR] unknown variable 'defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf'！

注意密码：5.7初始化后会生成一个临时密码，存在mysql.err

[Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: XXXXXXXX

也就是root@localhost:后的字符串。5.添加到MySQL启动脚本到系统服务,并且设置开启启动cp -a /data/mysql57/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

设置开机启动和检查是否成功chkconfig mysqld onchkconfig --list | grep mysqld6.创建mysql软链接至/usr/bin下ln -s /data/mysql57/bin/mysql /usr/bin7.启动MySQL服务service mysqld start

说明：

如果还是使用的Copy文件的方式，例如我们前面 Copy的mysql80 二进制文件，此处就会报错：

此时还要执行以下赋权命令：

chmod -R 755 ./mysql.server (这个文件是 /data/mysql80/support-files)

和

chmod -R 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld8. 登录MySQL，修改root密码mysql -uroot -pXXXXXXX mysql set password=password('XXXXXXX2');

说明：

MySQL 8.0 是报错的：

ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'password('XXXXX')' at line 1

在登录MySQL，修改root密码时，使用就方法SET PASSWORD=PASSWORD( [新密码] ) 报错。

查看网上的相关解释为：

以前版本的MySQL的密码认证插件是 mysql_native_password ，而现在使用的是 caching_sha2_password 。

解决方案：

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '新密码';

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

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