1 #!/usr/bin/env python
2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
3 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
4 from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, ForeignKey, UniqueConstraint, Index
5 from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, relationship
6 from sqlalchemy import create_engine
7 engine = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://root@127.0.0.1:3306/sig") #engine 引擎
8 Base = declarative_base() #declarative 声明的 base 基地
9 # 创建单表
10 class Users(Base):
11 __tablename__ = 'users' #表名
12 id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
13 name = Column(String(32))
14 extra = Column(String(16))
15 #args 传感器
16 __table_args__ = (
17 UniqueConstraint('id', 'name', name='uix_id_name'), #Constraint 约束 unique 唯一
18 Index('ix_id_name', 'name', 'extra'),
19 )
20 # 创建一对多
21 class Favor(Base):
22 __tablename__ = 'favor'
23 nid = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
24 caption = Column(String(50), default='red', unique=True)
25
26 class Person(Base):
27 __tablename__ = 'person'
28 nid = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
29 name = Column(String(32), index=True, nullable=True)
30 favor_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey("favor.nid"))
31
32 # 创建多对多
33 class Group(Base):
34 __tablename__ = 'group'
35 id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
36 name = Column(String(64), unique=True, nullable=False)
37 port = Column(Integer, default=22)
38
39
40 class Server(Base):
41 __tablename__ = 'server'
42 id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
43 hostname = Column(String(64), unique=True, nullable=False)
44
45
46 class ServerToGroup(Base):
47 __tablename__ = 'servertogroup'
48 nid = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
49 server_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('server.id'))
50 group_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('group.id'))
51
52 Base.metadata.create_all(engine) #metadata元数据 把创建的表格发送給数据库
53
54
55
56 Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine) #session 会话 maker制造者 sessionmaker会话者
57 session = Session() #创建一个session对象
58
59 obj = Users(name="alex0", extra='sb')
60 session.add(obj)
61 session.add_all([
62 Users(name="alex1", extra='sb'),
63 Users(name="alex2", extra='sb'),
64 ])
65 session.commit() #commit 把。。。托付給 把写入的内容发送給数据库
创建
1 #!/usr/bin/env python
2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
3 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
4 from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, ForeignKey, UniqueConstraint, Index
5 from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, relationship
6 from sqlalchemy import create_engine
7 engine = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://root@127.0.0.1:3306/sig") #engine 引擎
8 Base = declarative_base() #declarative 声明的 base 基地
9 # 创建单表
10 class Users(Base):
11 __tablename__ = 'users' #表名
12 id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
13 name = Column(String(32))
14 extra = Column(String(16))
15 num = Column(Integer)
16 #args 传感器
17 __table_args__ = (
18 UniqueConstraint('id', 'name', name='uix_id_name'), #Constraint 约束 unique 唯一
19 Index('ix_id_name', 'name', 'extra'),
20 )
21
22 def __repr__(self):
23 return "%s-%s" %(self.id, self.name)
24 # 创建一对多
25 class Favor(Base):
26 __tablename__ = 'favor'
27 nid = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
28 caption = Column(String(50), default='red', unique=True)
29 def __repr__(self):
30 return "%s-%s" %(self.id, self.name)
31
32 class Person(Base):
33 __tablename__ = 'person'
34 nid = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
35 name = Column(String(32), index=True, nullable=True)
36 favor_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey("favor.nid"))
37
38 # 创建多对多
39 class Group(Base):
40 __tablename__ = 'group'
41 id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
42 name = Column(String(64), unique=True, nullable=False)
43 port = Column(Integer, default=22)
44
45 class Server(Base):
46 __tablename__ = 'server'
47 id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
48 hostname = Column(String(64), unique=True, nullable=False)
49
50 class ServerToGroup(Base):
51 __tablename__ = 'servertogroup'
52 nid = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
53 server_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('server.id'))
54 group_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('group.id'))
55
56 Base.metadata.create_all(engine) #metadata元数据 把创建的表格发送給数据库
57
58
59
60 Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine) #session 会话 maker制造者 sessionmaker会话者
61 session = Session() #创建一个session对象
62 # 写入数据
63 # obj = Users(name="alex0", extra='sb')
64 # session.add(obj)
65 # session.add_all([
66 # Users(name="alex1", extra='sb'),
67 # Users(name="alex2", extra='sb'),
68 # ])
69
70 #删除数据
71 # session.query(Users).filter(Users.id > 2).delete() #query查询 filter过滤
72 # session.commit()
73
74 # 改数据
75 # session.query(Users).filter(Users.id < 3).update({"name" : "alxe" })
76 # session.query(Users).filter(Users.id < 3).update({Users.name: Users.name + "199"}, synchronize_session=False) #synchronize使用同步
77 # session.query(Users).filter(Users.id < 3).update({"num": Users.num + 1}, synchronize_session="evaluate") #evaluate评价 估价 求的值
78 # session.commit()
79
80 # 查看数据
81 # ret = session.query(Users).all()
82 # ret = session.query(Users.name, Users.extra).all()
83 # ret = session.query(Users).filter_by(name='alxe199').all()
84 # ret = session.query(Users).filter_by(name='alxe199').first()
85 # print(ret)
86 session.commit() #commit 把。。。托付給 把写入的内容发送給数据库
增删改查
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, ForeignKey, UniqueConstraint, Index
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, relationship
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
engine = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://root@127.0.0.1:3306/sig") #engine 引擎
Base = declarative_base() #declarative 声明的 base 基地
# 创建单表
class Users(Base):
__tablename__ = 'users' #表名
id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
name = Column(String(32))
extra = Column(String(16))
num = Column(Integer)
#args 传感器
__table_args__ = (
UniqueConstraint('id', 'name', name='uix_id_name'), #Constraint 约束 unique 唯一
Index('ix_id_name', 'name', 'extra'),
)
def __repr__(self):
return "%s-%s-%s_%s" %(self.id, self.name,self.extra,self.num)
# 创建一对多
class Favor(Base):
__tablename__ = 'favor'
nid = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
caption = Column(String(50), default='red', unique=True)
def __repr__(self):
return "%s-%s" %(self.nid, self.caption)
class Person(Base):
__tablename__ = 'person'
nid = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
name = Column(String(32), index=True, nullable=True)
favor_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey("favor.nid"))
def __repr__(self):
return "%s-%s-%s" %(self.nid, self.name,self.favor_id)
# 创建多对多
class Group(Base):
__tablename__ = 'group'
id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
name = Column(String(64), unique=True, nullable=False)
port = Column(Integer, default=22)
class Server(Base):
__tablename__ = 'server'
id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
hostname = Column(String(64), unique=True, nullable=False)
class ServerToGroup(Base):
__tablename__ = 'servertogroup'
nid = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
server_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('server.id'))
group_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('group.id'))
Base.metadata.create_all(engine) #metadata元数据 把创建的表格发送給数据库
Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine) #session 会话 maker制造者 sessionmaker会话者
session = Session() #创建一个session对象
# 写入数据
# obj = Users(name="alex0", extra='sb')
# session.add(obj)
# session.add_all([
# Users(name="alex1", extra='sb'),
# Users(name="alex2", extra='sb'),
# ])
#删除数据
# session.query(Users).filter(Users.id > 2).delete() #query查询 filter过滤
# session.commit()
# 改数据
# session.query(Users).filter(Users.id < 3).update({"name" : "alxe" })
# session.query(Users).filter(Users.id < 3).update({Users.name: Users.name + "199"}, synchronize_session=False) #synchronize使用同步
# session.query(Users).filter(Users.id < 3).update({"num": Users.num + 1}, synchronize_session="evaluate") #evaluate评价 估价 求的值
# session.commit()
# 查看数据
# ret = session.query(Users).all()
# ret = session.query(Users.name, Users.extra).all()
# ret = session.query(Users).filter_by(name='alxe199').all()
# ret = session.query(Users).filter_by(name='alxe199').first()
# 条件
# ret = session.query(Users).filter_by(name='alxe199').all()
# ret = session.query(Users).filter(Users.id > 1, Users.name == 'eric').all()
# ret = session.query(Users).filter(Users.id.between(1, 3), Users.name == 'eric').all() #between 在什么 之间
# ret = session.query(Users).filter(Users.id.in_([1,3,4])).all()
# ret = session.query(Users.id).filter_by(name='eric').all()
# ret = session.query(Users).filter(Users.id.in_(session.query(Users.id).filter_by(name='eric'))).all()
# from sqlalchemy import and_, or_ #模块 and并且 or或者
# ret = session.query(Users).filter(and_(Users.id > 2, Users.name == 'eric')).all()
# # ret = session.query(Users).filter(or_(Users.id < 4, Users.name == 'eric')).all()
# ret = session.query(Users).filter(
# or_(
# Users.id < 2,
# and_(Users.name == 'eric', Users.id > 3),
# Users.extra != ""
# )).all()
# 通配符
# ret = session.query(Users).filter(Users.name.like('e%')).all()
# ret = session.query(Users).filter(~Users.name.like('e%')).all() # ~ 符号是相反的意思, 除了这个条件 其他都成立
# 限制
# ret = session.query(Users)[1:5] #取 1-5
# 排序
# ret = session.query(Users).order_by(Users.id.desc()).all()
# ret = session.query(Users).order_by(Users.name.desc(), Users.id.asc()).all()
# 分组
from sqlalchemy.sql import func
# ret = session.query(Users).group_by(Users.name).all()
# ret = session.query(
# func.max(Users.id),
# func.sum(Users.id),
# func.min(Users.id)).group_by(Users.name).all()
# ret = session.query(
# func.max(Users.id),
# func.sum(Users.id),
# func.min(Users.id)).group_by(Users.name).having(func.min(Users.id) >2).all()
# 连表
# ret = session.query(Users, Favor).filter(Users.id == Favor.nid).all()
# ret = session.query(Person).join(Favor).all()
#
# ret = session.query(Person).join(Favor, isouter=True).all()
# 组合
# q1 = session.query(Users.name).filter(Users.id > 2)
# q2 = session.query(Favor.caption).filter(Favor.nid < 2)
# ret = q1.union(q2).all()
# q1 = session.query(Users.name).filter(Users.id > 2)
# q2 = session.query(Favor.caption).filter(Favor.nid < 2)
# ret = q1.union_all(q2).all()
# print(ret)
session.commit() #commit 把。。。托付給 把写入的内容发送給数据库
条件
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, ForeignKey, UniqueConstraint, Index
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, relationship
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
engine = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://root@127.0.0.1:3306/sig") #engine 引擎
Base = declarative_base() #declarative 声明的 base 基地
# 创建单表
class Users(Base):
__tablename__ = 'users' #表名
id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
name = Column(String(32))
extra = Column(String(16))
num = Column(Integer)
#args 传感器
__table_args__ = (
UniqueConstraint('id', 'name', name='uix_id_name'), #Constraint 约束 unique 唯一
Index('ix_id_name', 'name', 'extra'),
)
def __repr__(self):
return "%s-%s-%s_%s" %(self.id, self.name,self.extra,self.num)
# 创建一对多
class Favor(Base):
__tablename__ = 'favor'
nid = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
caption = Column(String(50), default='red', unique=True)
def __repr__(self):
return "%s-%s" %(self.nid, self.caption)
class Person(Base):
__tablename__ = 'person'
nid = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
name = Column(String(32), index=True, nullable=True)
favor_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey("favor.nid"))
def __repr__(self):
return "%s-%s-%s" %(self.nid, self.name,self.favor_id)
# 创建多对多
class Group(Base):
__tablename__ = 'group'
id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
name = Column(String(64), unique=True, nullable=False)
port = Column(Integer, default=22)
class Server(Base):
__tablename__ = 'server'
id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
hostname = Column(String(64), unique=True, nullable=False)
class ServerToGroup(Base):
__tablename__ = 'servertogroup'
nid = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
server_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('server.id'))
group_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('group.id'))
Base.metadata.create_all(engine) #metadata元数据 把创建的表格发送給数据库
Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine) #session 会话 maker制造者 sessionmaker会话者
session = Session() #创建一个session对象
# 写入数据
# obj = Users(name="alex0", extra='sb')
# session.add(obj)
# session.add_all([
# Users(name="alex1", extra='sb'),
# Users(name="alex2", extra='sb'),
# ])
#删除数据
# session.query(Users).filter(Users.id > 2).delete() #query查询 filter过滤
# session.commit()
# 改数据
# session.query(Users).filter(Users.id < 3).update({"name" : "alxe" })
# session.query(Users).filter(Users.id < 3).update({Users.name: Users.name + "199"}, synchronize_session=False) #synchronize使用同步
# session.query(Users).filter(Users.id < 3).update({"num": Users.num + 1}, synchronize_session="evaluate") #evaluate评价 估价 求的值
# session.commit()
# 查看数据
# ret = session.query(Users).all()
# ret = session.query(Users.name, Users.extra).all()
# ret = session.query(Users).filter_by(name='alxe199').all()
# ret = session.query(Users).filter_by(name='alxe199').first()
# 条件
# ret = session.query(Users).filter_by(name='alxe199').all()
# ret = session.query(Users).filter(Users.id > 1, Users.name == 'eric').all()
# ret = session.query(Users).filter(Users.id.between(1, 3), Users.name == 'eric').all() #between 在什么 之间
# ret = session.query(Users).filter(Users.id.in_([1,3,4])).all()
# ret = session.query(Users.id).filter_by(name='eric').all()
# ret = session.query(Users).filter(Users.id.in_(session.query(Users.id).filter_by(name='eric'))).all()
# from sqlalchemy import and_, or_ #模块 and并且 or或者
# ret = session.query(Users).filter(and_(Users.id > 2, Users.name == 'eric')).all()
# # ret = session.query(Users).filter(or_(Users.id < 4, Users.name == 'eric')).all()
# ret = session.query(Users).filter(
# or_(
# Users.id < 2,
# and_(Users.name == 'eric', Users.id > 3),
# Users.extra != ""
# )).all()
# 通配符
# ret = session.query(Users).filter(Users.name.like('e%')).all()
# ret = session.query(Users).filter(~Users.name.like('e%')).all() # ~ 符号是相反的意思, 除了这个条件 其他都成立
# 限制
# ret = session.query(Users)[1:5] #取 1-5
# 排序
# ret = session.query(Users).order_by(Users.id.desc()).all()
# ret = session.query(Users).order_by(Users.name.desc(), Users.id.asc()).all()
# 分组
from sqlalchemy.sql import func
# ret = session.query(Users).group_by(Users.name).all()
# ret = session.query(
# func.max(Users.id),
# func.sum(Users.id),
# func.min(Users.id)).group_by(Users.name).all()
# ret = session.query(
# func.max(Users.id),
# func.sum(Users.id),
# func.min(Users.id)).group_by(Users.name).having(func.min(Users.id) >2).all()
# 连表
# ret = session.query(Users, Favor).filter(Users.id == Favor.nid).all()
# ret = session.query(Person).join(Favor).all()
# ret = session.query(Person,Favor).join(Favor).all()
# ret = session.query(Person.name('aaa'),Favor.('caption')).join(Favor).all() # 添加一个别名
#
# ret = session.query(Person).join(Favor, isouter=True).all()
# 组合
# q1 = session.query(Users.name).filter(Users.id > 2)
# q2 = session.query(Favor.caption).filter(Favor.nid < 2)
# ret = q1.union(q2).all()
# q1 = session.query(Users.name).filter(Users.id > 2)
# q2 = session.query(Favor.caption).filter(Favor.nid < 2)
# ret = q1.union_all(q2).all()
# print(ret)
session.commit() #commit 把。。。托付給 把写入的内容发送給数据库
条件1
查看数据
键值对用 filter_by 查询
ret = session.query(Users).filter_by(name='alxe199').all()
条件判断用 filter
ret = session.query(Users).filter(Users.id > 1, Users.name == 'eric').all()
小知识
1 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
2 from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, ForeignKey, UniqueConstraint, Index
3 from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, relationship
4 from sqlalchemy import create_engine
5 engine = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://root@127.0.0.1:3306/pro") #engine 引擎
6 Base = declarative_base() #declarative 声明的 base 基地
7
8 # 一对多
9 class Son(Base):
10 __tablename__ = 'son'
11 nid = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
12 name = Column(String(32), index=True, nullable=True)
13 favor_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey("father.nid"))
14 # 与生成表结构无关,仅用于查询方便
15 father = relationship('Father')
16
17
18 class Father(Base):
19 __tablename__ = 'father'
20 nid = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
21 caption = Column(String(50), default='red', unique=True)
22 son = relationship('Son')
23
24 Base.metadata.create_all(engine) #metadata元数据 把创建的表格发送給数据库
25
26 Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine) #session 会话 maker制造者 sessionmaker会话者
27 session = Session() #创建一个session对象
28
29 # father类通过relationship 查son类对应的数据
30 ret = session.query(Father).filter(Father.nid<2).first()
31 print(ret.son)
32 for i in ret.son:
33 print(i.name)
34
35 # son类通过relationship 查 father类对应的数据
36 rets = session.query(Son).filter_by(nid=3).first()
37 print(rets.name)
38 print(rets.father.caption)
39
40
41 session.commit() #commit 把。。。托付給 把写入的内容发送給数据库
42
43
44 详解参照下图
relationship 关系
1 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
2 from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, ForeignKey, UniqueConstraint, Index
3 from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, relationship
4 from sqlalchemy import create_engine
5 engine = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://root@127.0.0.1:3306/cole") #engine 引擎
6 Base = declarative_base() #declarative 声明的 base 基地
7 class M_W_Group(Base):
8 __tablename__ = 'm_w_group'
9 nid = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
10 man_gid = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('man.man_id'))
11 woman_gid = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('woman.woman_id'))
12
13 class Man(Base):
14 __tablename__ = 'man'
15 man_id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
16 man_name = Column(String(64), unique=True, nullable=False)
17 man_age = Column(Integer)
18
19 class Woman(Base):
20 __tablename__ = 'woman'
21 woman_id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
22 woman_name = Column(String(64), unique=True, nullable=False)
23 woman_age = Column(Integer)
24 m_w_group = relationship('Man',secondary=M_W_Group.__table__,backref='gf') #erlationship关系 secondary第二的 backref后面的参考
25 Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
26
27 Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine) #session 会话 maker制造者 sessionmaker会话者
28 session = Session() #创建一个session对象
29
30 m1 = session.query(Man).filter_by(man_id=2).first()
31 w1 = session.query(Woman).all()
32 m1.gf=w1
33 session.add(m1)
34
35
36 session.commit() #commit 把。。。托付給 把写入的内容发送給数据库
erlationship关系 多对多