基本概念
1、在函数内调用函数自己,就是递归
2、没有递归结束条件的递归,就是死递归
3、化归思想,将一个问题由难化易,由繁化简,由复杂化简单的过程称为化归,它是转化和归结的简称。
基本使用
1、计算1到100的和,基本规律如下
//1-100之间的和
//1-1 1
//1-2 1 + 2
//1-3 1 + 2 + 3
//1-4 1 + 2 + 3 + 4
//1-n 1到(n-1)的和 + n
类似于:sum(n)=sum(n-1)+sum(n)
<script>
function sum(n) {
if (n == 1) {
return 1;
}
return sum(n - 1) + n;
}
var num = sum(100);
console.log(num);//5050
</script>
2、阶乘
//阶乘
//n!
//1*2*3...*n
//1 1
//2 1! * 2
//3 2! * 3
//4 3! * 4
//n (n-1)!*n
<script>
function factorial(n) {
if (n == 1) {
return 1;
}
return factorial(n - 1) * n;
}
console.log(factorial(5))
</script>
3、斐波那契
//斐波那契数列
//1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21
//1 1
//2 1
//3 第1项 + 第2项
//4 第2项 + 第3项
//5 第3项 + 第4项
<script>
function fibonacci(n) {
if (n <= 2) {
return 1;
}
return fibonacci(n - 1) + fibonacci(n - 2);
}
console.log(fibonacci(10));
</script>
4、遍历所有后代
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<script>
window.onload = function () {
//给页面中所有的元素添加一个边框 1px solid pink
//DOM中,没有提供直接获取后代元素的API
//但是可以通过childNodes来获取所有的子节点
//先找body的所有子元素
//再找body的子元素的所有子元素
var allChildren = [];
function getChildNode(node){
//先找子元素
var nodeList = node.childNodes;
//在用子元素再找子元素 这里就可以递归了
//for循环中的条件,就充当了结束的条件
for (var i = 0; i < nodeList.length; i++) {
//childNode获取到到的节点包含了各种类型的节点
//但是我们只需要元素节点 通过nodeType去判断当前的这个节点是不是元素节点
var childNode = nodeList[i];
//判断是否是元素节点
if(childNode.nodeType == 1){
childNode.style.border = "1px solid pink";
getChildNode(childNode);
}
}
}
getChildNode(document.body);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div>1div
<p>1p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>2p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>3p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>4p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>5p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
</div>
<div>2div
<p>1p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>2p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>3p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>4p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>5p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
</div>
<div>3div
<p>1p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>2p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>3p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>4p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>5p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
</div>
<div>4div
<p>1p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>2p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>3p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>4p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>5p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
</div>
<div>5div
<p>1p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>2p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>3p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>4p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>5p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
</div>
<div>6div
<p>1p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>2p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>3p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>4p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>5p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
</div>
<div>7div
<p>1p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>2p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>3p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>4p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>5p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
</div>
<div>8div
<p>1p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>2p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>3p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>4p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>5p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
</div>
<div>9div
<p>1p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>2p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>3p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>4p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>5p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
</div>
<div>10div
<p>1p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>2p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>3p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>4p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>5p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
</div>
<p>我是第1个p标签</p>
<p>我是第2个p标签</p>
<p>我是第3个p标签</p>
<p>我是第4个p标签</p>
<p>我是第5个p标签</p>
<p>我是第6个p标签</p>
<p>我是第7个p标签</p>
<p>我是第8个p标签</p>
<p>我是第9个p标签</p>
<p>我是第10个p标签</p>
</body>
</html>
第二种写法
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<script>
//给body下所有的后代元素添加border 1px solid pink
//DOM 没有提供直接获取所有后代元素的API
//jQuery提供了find
//DOM 提供了获取自带元素的属性
// childNodes children
//获取一个节点的所有后代节点
//可以先获取他所有的子节点
//再一次获取所有子节点的子节点
//以此类推,就获取到了所有的后代节点
function getChildNodes(node){
var nodes = node.childNodes;
var arr = [];
for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
var childNode = nodes[i];
if(childNode.nodeType == 1){
//可以在这里使用这个元素节点了
arr.push(childNode);
//第一次进来的时候childNOde就是第一个div
var temp = getChildNodes(childNode);
arr = arr.concat(temp);
}
}
return arr;
}
window.onload =function () {
// var arr1 = getChildNodes(document.getElementsByTagName("div")[0]);
var arr = getChildNodes(document.body);
for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
var ele = arr[i];
ele.style.border = "1px solid pink";
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div>1div
<p>1p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>2p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>3p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>4p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>5p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
</div>
<div>2div
<p>1p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>2p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>3p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>4p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>5p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
</div>
<div>3div
<p>1p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>2p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>3p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>4p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>5p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
</div>
<div>4div
<p>1p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>2p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>3p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>4p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>5p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
</div>
<div>5div
<p>1p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>2p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>3p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>4p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>5p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
</div>
<div>6div
<p>1p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>2p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>3p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>4p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>5p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
</div>
<div>7div
<p>1p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>2p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>3p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>4p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>5p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
</div>
<div>8div
<p>1p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>2p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>3p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>4p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>5p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
</div>
<div>9div
<p>1p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>2p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>3p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>4p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>5p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
</div>
<div>10div
<p>1p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>2p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>3p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>4p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
<p>5p<span>1span</span><span>2span</span><span>3span</span></p>
</div>
<p>我是第1个p标签</p>
<p>我是第2个p标签</p>
<p>我是第3个p标签</p>
<p>我是第4个p标签</p>
<p>我是第5个p标签</p>
<p>我是第6个p标签</p>
<p>我是第7个p标签</p>
<p>我是第8个p标签</p>
<p>我是第9个p标签</p>
<p>我是第10个p标签</p>
</body>
</html>