序言

本篇是有关音视频学习系列中的H264 / H265的解码视频部分,文章大部分记录直接上干货,编码原理基础部分【音视频学习H264系列:H264视频编码原理】后续再补上。欢迎留言讨论。

使用MediaCodec 解码H264/H265码流视频,那必须谈下MediaCodec这个神器。附官网数据流程图如下:

android 播放H265码流 android h265编码_H265

input:ByteBuffer输入方;

output:ByteBuffer输出方;

  • 使用者从MediaCodec请求一个空的输入buffer(ByteBuffer),填充满数据后将它传递给MediaCodec处理。
  • MediaCodec处理完这些数据并将处理结果输出至一个空的输出buffer(ByteBuffer)中。
  • 使用者从MediaCodec获取输出buffer的数据,消耗掉里面的数据,使用完输出buffer的数据之后,将其释放回编解码。

H264码流解码示例代码如下(基本都做了注释)

package com.zqfdev.h264decodedemo;

import android.media.MediaCodec;
import android.media.MediaFormat;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Surface;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;

/**
 * @author zhangqingfa
 * @createDate 2020/12/10 11:39
 * @description 解码H264播放
 */
public class H264DeCodePlay {

    private static final String TAG = "zqf-dev";
    //视频路径
    private String videoPath;
    //使用android MediaCodec解码
    private MediaCodec mediaCodec;
    private Surface surface;

    H264DeCodePlay(String videoPath, Surface surface) {
        this.videoPath = videoPath;
        this.surface = surface;
        initMediaCodec();
    }

    private void initMediaCodec() {
        try {
            Log.e(TAG, "videoPath " + videoPath);
            //创建解码器 H264的Type为  AAC
            mediaCodec = MediaCodec.createDecoderByType("video/avc");
            //创建配置
            MediaFormat mediaFormat = MediaFormat.createVideoFormat("video/avc", 540, 960);
            //设置解码预期的帧速率【以帧/秒为单位的视频格式的帧速率的键】
            mediaFormat.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_FRAME_RATE, 15);
            //配置绑定mediaFormat和surface
            mediaCodec.configure(mediaFormat, surface, null, 0);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            //创建解码失败
            Log.e(TAG, "创建解码失败");
        }
    }

    /**
     * 解码播放
     */
    void decodePlay() {
        mediaCodec.start();
        new Thread(new MyRun()).start();
    }

    private class MyRun implements Runnable {

        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                //1、IO流方式读取h264文件【太大的视频分批加载】
                byte[] bytes = null;
                bytes = getBytes(videoPath);
                Log.e(TAG, "bytes size " + bytes.length);
                //2、拿到 mediaCodec 所有队列buffer[]
                ByteBuffer[] inputBuffers = mediaCodec.getInputBuffers();
                //开始位置
                int startIndex = 0;
                //h264总字节数
                int totalSize = bytes.length;
                //3、解析
                while (true) {
                    //判断是否符合
                    if (totalSize == 0 || startIndex >= totalSize) {
                        break;
                    }
                    //寻找索引
                    int nextFrameStart = findByFrame(bytes, startIndex + 1, totalSize);
                    if (nextFrameStart == -1) break;
                    MediaCodec.BufferInfo info = new MediaCodec.BufferInfo();
                    // 查询10000毫秒后,如果dSP芯片的buffer全部被占用,返回-1;存在则大于0
                    int inIndex = mediaCodec.dequeueInputBuffer(10000);
                    if (inIndex >= 0) {
                        //根据返回的index拿到可以用的buffer
                        ByteBuffer byteBuffer = inputBuffers[inIndex];
                        //清空缓存
                        byteBuffer.clear();
                        //开始为buffer填充数据
                        byteBuffer.put(bytes, startIndex, nextFrameStart - startIndex);
                        //填充数据后通知mediacodec查询inIndex索引的这个buffer,
                        mediaCodec.queueInputBuffer(inIndex, 0, nextFrameStart - startIndex, 0, 0);
                        //为下一帧做准备,下一帧首就是前一帧的尾。
                        startIndex = nextFrameStart;
                    } else {
                        //等待查询空的buffer
                        continue;
                    }
                    //mediaCodec 查询 "mediaCodec的输出方队列"得到索引
                    int outIndex = mediaCodec.dequeueOutputBuffer(info, 10000);
                    Log.e(TAG, "outIndex " + outIndex);
                    if (outIndex >= 0) {
                        try {
                            //暂时以休眠线程方式放慢播放速度
                            Thread.sleep(33);
                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                        //如果surface绑定了,则直接输入到surface渲染并释放
                        mediaCodec.releaseOutputBuffer(outIndex, true);
                    } else {
                        Log.e(TAG, "没有解码成功");
                    }
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }


    //读取一帧数据
    private int findByFrame(byte[] bytes, int start, int totalSize) {
        for (int i = start; i < totalSize - 4; i++) {
            //对output.h264文件分析 可通过分隔符 0x00000001 读取真正的数据
            if (bytes[i] == 0x00 && bytes[i + 1] == 0x00 && bytes[i + 2] == 0x00 && bytes[i + 3] == 0x01) {
                return i;
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }

    private byte[] getBytes(String videoPath) throws IOException {
        InputStream is = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File(videoPath)));
        int len;
        int size = 1024;
        byte[] buf;
        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        buf = new byte[size];
        while ((len = is.read(buf, 0, size)) != -1)
            bos.write(buf, 0, len);
        buf = bos.toByteArray();
        return buf;
    }
}

H265示例代码如下

package com.zqfdev.h264decodedemo;

import android.media.MediaCodec;
import android.media.MediaFormat;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Surface;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;

/**
 * @author zhangqingfa
 * @createDate 2020/12/10 11:39
 * @description 解码H264播放
 */
public class H265DeCodePlay {

    private static final String TAG = "zqf-dev";
    //视频路径
    private String videoPath;
    //使用android MediaCodec解码
    private MediaCodec mediaCodec;
    private Surface surface;

    H265DeCodePlay(String videoPath, Surface surface) {
        this.videoPath = videoPath;
        this.surface = surface;
        initMediaCodec();
    }

    private void initMediaCodec() {
        try {
            Log.e(TAG, "videoPath " + videoPath);
            //创建解码器 H264的Type为  AAC
            mediaCodec = MediaCodec.createDecoderByType("video/hevc");
            //创建配置
            MediaFormat mediaFormat = MediaFormat.createVideoFormat("video/hevc", 368, 384);
            //设置解码预期的帧速率【以帧/秒为单位的视频格式的帧速率的键】
            mediaFormat.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_FRAME_RATE, 15);
            //配置绑定mediaFormat和surface
            mediaCodec.configure(mediaFormat, surface, null, 0);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            //创建解码失败
            Log.e(TAG, "创建解码失败");
        }
    }

    /**
     * 解码播放
     */
    void decodePlay() {
        mediaCodec.start();
        new Thread(new MyRun()).start();
    }

    private class MyRun implements Runnable {

        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                //1、IO流方式读取h264文件【太大的视频分批加载】
                byte[] bytes = null;
                bytes = getBytes(videoPath);
                Log.e(TAG, "bytes size " + bytes.length);
                //2、拿到 mediaCodec 所有队列buffer[]
                ByteBuffer[] inputBuffers = mediaCodec.getInputBuffers();
                //开始位置
                int startIndex = 0;
                //h264总字节数
                int totalSize = bytes.length;
                //3、解析
                while (true) {
                    //判断是否符合
                    if (totalSize == 0 || startIndex >= totalSize) {
                        break;
                    }
                    //寻找索引
                    int nextFrameStart = findByFrame(bytes, startIndex + 1, totalSize);
                    if (nextFrameStart == -1) break;
                    Log.e(TAG, "nextFrameStart " + nextFrameStart);
                    MediaCodec.BufferInfo info = new MediaCodec.BufferInfo();
                    // 查询10000毫秒后,如果dSP芯片的buffer全部被占用,返回-1;存在则大于0
                    int inIndex = mediaCodec.dequeueInputBuffer(10000);
                    if (inIndex >= 0) {
                        //根据返回的index拿到可以用的buffer
                        ByteBuffer byteBuffer = inputBuffers[inIndex];
                        //清空byteBuffer缓存
                        byteBuffer.clear();
                        //开始为buffer填充数据
                        byteBuffer.put(bytes, startIndex, nextFrameStart - startIndex);
                        //填充数据后通知mediacodec查询inIndex索引的这个buffer,
                        mediaCodec.queueInputBuffer(inIndex, 0, nextFrameStart - startIndex, 0, 0);
                        //为下一帧做准备,下一帧首就是前一帧的尾。
                        startIndex = nextFrameStart;
                    } else {
                        //等待查询空的buffer
                        continue;
                    }
                    //mediaCodec 查询 "mediaCodec的输出方队列"得到索引
                    int outIndex = mediaCodec.dequeueOutputBuffer(info, 10000);
                    Log.e(TAG, "outIndex " + outIndex);
                    if (outIndex >= 0) {
                        try {
                            //暂时以休眠线程方式放慢播放速度
                            Thread.sleep(33);
                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                        //如果surface绑定了,则直接输入到surface渲染并释放
                        mediaCodec.releaseOutputBuffer(outIndex, true);
                    } else {
                        Log.e(TAG, "没有解码成功");
                    }
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }


    //读取一帧数据
    private int findByFrame(byte[] bytes, int start, int totalSize) {
        for (int i = start; i < totalSize - 4; i++) {
            //对output.h264文件分析 可通过分隔符 0x00000001 读取真正的数据
            if (bytes[i] == 0x00 && bytes[i + 1] == 0x00 && bytes[i + 2] == 0x00 && bytes[i + 3] == 0x01) {
                return i;
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }

    private byte[] getBytes(String videoPath) throws IOException {
        InputStream is = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File(videoPath)));
        int len;
        int size = 1024;
        byte[] buf;
        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        buf = new byte[size];
        while ((len = is.read(buf, 0, size)) != -1)
            bos.write(buf, 0, len);
        buf = bos.toByteArray();
        return buf;
    }
}

MainActivity代码如下

package com.zqfdev.h264decodedemo;

import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;

import java.io.File;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private String[] permiss = {"android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE", "android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"};
    private H264DeCodePlay h264DeCodePlay;
//    private H265DeCodePlay h265DeCodePlay;
    private String videoPath;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        checkPermiss();
        initView();
    }

    private void checkPermiss() {
        int code = ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permiss[0]);
        if (code != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            // 没有写的权限,去申请写的权限
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, permiss, 11);
        }
    }

    private void initView() {
        File dir = getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS);
        if (!dir.exists()) dir.mkdirs();
        final File file = new File(dir, "output.h264");
//        final File file = new File(dir, "output.h265");
        if (!file.exists()) {
            Log.e("Tag", "文件不存在");
            return;
        }
        videoPath = file.getAbsolutePath();
        final SurfaceView surface = findViewById(R.id.surface);
        final SurfaceHolder holder = surface.getHolder();
        holder.addCallback(new SurfaceHolder.Callback() {
            @Override
            public void surfaceCreated(@NonNull SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder) {
                h264DeCodePlay = new H264DeCodePlay(videoPath, holder.getSurface());
                h264DeCodePlay.decodePlay();
//                h265DeCodePlay = new H265DeCodePlay(videoPath, holder.getSurface());
//                h265DeCodePlay.decodePlay();
            }

            @Override
            public void surfaceChanged(@NonNull SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder, int i, int i1, int i2) {

            }

            @Override
            public void surfaceDestroyed(@NonNull SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder) {

            }
        });
    }
}

测试的H264 / H265码流视频通过FFmpeg抽取可得到。

命令行:

ffmpeg -i 源视频.mp4 -codec copy -bsf: h264_mp4toannexb -f h264 输出视频.h264

效果如下:

android 播放H265码流 android h265编码_H265_02