MySQL安装与idea的连接

--编辑my.ini配置文件内容(Mysql 8.0以上不需要,直接安装即可)
[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8 
[mysqld]
#设置3306端口
port = 3306 
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=E:\MySQL5.7.13\mysql-5.7.13-winx64
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir=E:\MySQL5.7.13\mysql-5.7.13-winx64\data
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=200
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
character-set-server=utf8
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
# 安装好后, 免密码进入mysql
skip-grant-tables

--用管理员身份运行cmd,输入命令
//安装mysql
mysqld -install 
//安装成功后,初始化数据文件
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql
//进入mysql管理界面
mysql -u root-p
//修改密码
update mysql.user set password=password(’新密码’) where user=’root’;
//mysql8修改密码
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '密码'

Mysql与idea进行连接

1.导入数据库驱动

点击连接进行下载:(mysql驱动)

https://github.com/epochong/mysql-connector-java-8.0.16.git

下载后在idea目录下新建lib目录,将下载好的驱动移动到lib目录下,并右击点击添加为库,再次点击驱动文件,若能展开,则驱动安装成功。

mysql链接idea的yml文件怎么写 mysql怎么连接idea_bc


连接过程若出现驱动问题,需要注意查看驱动是否添加为库,英文版(add as library),查看驱动版本的问题(下载驱动需要对应与数据库,例mysql下载mysql驱动,sql server下载的是sql server驱动,查看是否在同一包下,有时候不在同一包下会找不到驱动)。

2.连接数据库(最基本的连接方法)

package jdbc_excise;

import java.sql.*;

public class Jdbc {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {
        try {
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

            String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/student?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false";
            //通用模板:jdbc:数据库名字://地址:端口/实际使用数据库名称?附加参数
            String username = "root";
            String password = "123456";

           Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url,username,password);
           Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
            //执行sql查询语句
           String sql = "select * from student";
           ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery(sql);

           while (resultSet.next()){
               System.out.println("Sno="+resultSet.getObject("Sno"));
          }

           resultSet.close();
           statement.close();
           connection.close();

        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();

        }
    }


}

**附狂神教程中安全连接解决办法 **

jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/student?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false

若mysql版本高于驱动版本,则需要将安全连接置为false;置为true会报错。

封装工具类连接数据库

编写配置文件
--新建配置文件:db.properties--

driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/student?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false
username=root
password=123456
封装工具类
package connect_jdbc.utils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.Properties;

public class JdbcUtils {
    private  static String driver = null;;
    private static String url =null;
    private static String username = null;
    private static  String password = null;

    static {
        try{
            //通过反射得到配置文件中的内容
           InputStream in = JdbcUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("db.properties");
            Properties properties=new Properties();
            properties.load(in);

            driver = properties.getProperty("driver");
            url = properties.getProperty("url");
            username = properties.getProperty("username");
            password = properties.getProperty("password");

            //加载一次驱动
             Class.forName(driver);

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
    //获取连接
    public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
        return DriverManager.getConnection(url,username,password);
    }
    //释放连接
    public static  void release(Connection conn, Statement st, ResultSet rs){
        if(rs!=null){
            try {
                rs.close();
            } catch (SQLException throwables) {
                throwables.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        if(st!=null){
            try {
                st.close();
            } catch (SQLException throwables) {
                throwables.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        if(conn!=null){
            try {
                conn.close();
            } catch (SQLException throwables) {
                throwables.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

}
编写测试类执行sql语句
//执行executeUpdate语句,实现增删改
package connect_jdbc.utils;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class JdbcTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {
        Connection connection =null;
        Statement st = null;
        ResultSet rs =null;

        try {
            connection = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
        } catch (SQLException throwables) {
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        }
        st = connection.createStatement();
        String sql = "insert  into  student (sno, sname, ssex, sclass, stel, sgroup, spassword)" +
                "values (19070,'某某某','男','1900111','15711111111',3,'123456')";
        int i = st.executeUpdate(sql);//返回值为整型,表示有几行受影响
        if(i>0){
            System.out.println("插入成功!");
        }
        JdbcUtils.release(connection,st,rs);
    }
}
执行select语句
//执行executeQuery语句,实现查找
package connect_jdbc.utils;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class JdbcSelect {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Connection connection = null;
        Statement st = null;
        ResultSet res = null;
        try {
            connection = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
            st = connection.createStatement();
            String sqls = "select * from student";
            res = st.executeQuery(sqls);//返回值为查找的结果集
            while (res.next())//进行结果集的输出
            {
                System.out.println(res.getObject("sno")+" "+res.getObject("sname"));
            }
        } catch (SQLException throwables) {
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        }

        JdbcUtils.release(connection,st,res);
    }
}

sql注入的问题及解决

问题描述:在使用statement函数执行sql操作时,当输入sql语句为:’ ‘or’1=1’或者’ 'or’values>0’时则会发生恒等于从而绕过查询语句,会发生将结果集绕过密码查询出来,从而形成安全威胁。

解决办法

将原先的statement函数改用preparedStatement函数,避免了sql注入,查询效率更高

示例:

package connect_jdbc.utils;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class JdbcTestSe {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Connection connection =null;
        PreparedStatement statement = null;
        ResultSet res = null;
        try {
            connection = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
            //与statement的区别,要使用?占位符代替参数,进行一次预编译
            String sql = "insert  into  student (sno, sname, ssex, sclass, stel, sgroup, spassword)" +
                    "values (?,?,?,?,?,?,?)";
            //手动给每一个参数(?)赋值
            statement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            statement.setString(1,"1907040124");
            statement.setString(2,"薛某军");
            statement.setString(3,"男");
            statement.setString(4,"19070111");
            statement.setString(5,"15711111111");
            statement.setString(6,"3");
            statement.setString(7,"123456");
			//执行
            int i = statement.executeUpdate();
            if(i>0)
            {
                System.out.println("插入成功!");
            }

        } catch (SQLException throwables) {
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        }

        JdbcUtils.release(connection,statement,res);
    }
}

使用数据库数据源进行操作

DBCP数据源

配置文件

#连接设置
driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jdbcstudy?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=true
username=root
password=123456

#!-- 初始化连接 --
initialSize=10

#最大连接数量
maxActive=50

#!-- 最大空闲连接 --
maxIdle=20

#!-- 最小空闲连接 --
minIdle=5

#!-- 超时等待时间以毫秒为单位 6000毫秒/1000等于60秒 --
maxWait=60000
#JDBC驱动建立连接时附带的连接属性属性的格式必须为这样:【属性名=property;】
#注意:user 与 password 两个属性会被明确地传递,因此这里不需要包含他们。
connectionProperties=useUnicode=true;characterEncoding=UTF8

#指定由连接池所创建的连接的自动提交(auto-commit)状态。
defaultAutoCommit=true

#driver default 指定由连接池所创建的连接的只读(read-only)状态。
#如果没有设置该值,则“setReadOnly”方法将不被调用。(某些驱动并不支持只读模式,如:Informix)
defaultReadOnly=

#driver default 指定由连接池所创建的连接的事务级别(TransactionIsolation)。
#可用值为下列之一:(详情可见javadoc。)NONE,READ_UNCOMMITTED, READ_COMMITTED, REPEATABLE_READ, SERIALIZABLE
defaultTransactionIsolation=READ_UNCOMMITTED
C3P0数据源

配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<c3p0-config>
    <default-config>
        <property name="driverClass">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/student</property>// <!-- 数据库的名字换成自己的数据库名字-->
        <property name="user">root</property>
        <property name="password">123456</property>

        <property name="acquiredIncrement5">5</property>
        <property name="initialPoolSize10">10</property>
        <property name="minPoolSize5">5</property>
        <property name="maxPoolSize20">20</property>
    </default-config>
    <!-- This app is massive! -->
    <named-config name="MySQL">
        <property name="driverClass">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/student</property>
        <property name="user">root</property>
        <property name="password">123456</property><!-- 用户名和密码改成自己的-->

        <property name="acquiredIncrement5">5</property>
        <property name="initialPoolSize10">10</property>
        <property name="minPoolSize5">5</property>
        <property name="maxPoolSize20">20</property>

    </named-config>

</c3p0-config>
封装C3P0的工具类
package jdbc_excise;

import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class JdbcUtilsC3P0 {
   private static DataSource dataSource=null;

        static {
            try {
                //创建数据源 工厂模式--》创建
                dataSource =new ComboPooledDataSource("MySQL");
            }catch (Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    public static Connection getconnection() throws SQLException {
        return dataSource.getConnection();
    }


    public static  void release(Connection conn, Statement st, ResultSet rs) {
        if (rs != null) {
            try {
                rs.close();
            } catch (SQLException throwables) {
                throwables.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        if(st!=null){
            try {
                st.close();
            } catch (SQLException throwables) {
                throwables.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        if(conn!=null){
            try {
                conn.close();
            } catch (SQLException throwables) {
                throwables.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}
测试类执行sql语句
package jdbc_excise;

import connect_jdbc.utils.JdbcUtils;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class TestC3p0 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Connection connection =null;
        PreparedStatement statement = null;
        ResultSet res = null;
        try {
            connection = JdbcUtilsC3P0.getconnection();
            String sql = "insert  into  student (sno, sname, ssex, sclass, stel, sgroup, spassword)" +
                    "values (?,?,?,?,?,?,?)";

            statement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            statement.setString(1,"1907040126");
            statement.setString(2,"薛某军");
            statement.setString(3,"男");
            statement.setString(4,"19070144");
            statement.setString(5,"15711111111");
            statement.setString(6,"3");
            statement.setString(7,"123456");
            System.out.println("连接成功!");
            int i = statement.executeUpdate();
            if(i>0)
            {
                System.out.println("插入成功!");
            }

        } catch (SQLException throwables) {
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        }

        JdbcUtilsC3P0.release(connection,statement,res);
    }
}