1.简介
OpenHarmony视频播放的主要工作是将视频数据转码并输出到设备进行播放，同时管理播放任务，包括开始播放、暂停播放、停止播放、资源释放、音量设置、跳转播放位置、设置倍数、获取轨道信息等功能控制。本文将对视频播放全流程、视频切换、视频循环播放等场景开发进行介绍说明。
2. OpenHarmony视频播放系统运行机制
视频播放状态变化示意图如图1.1所示。
图1.1 视频播放状态变化示意图
视频播放外部模块交互图如图1.2所示：
图1.2 视频播放外部模块交互图
说明：三方应用通过调用JS接口层提供的js接口实现相应功能时，框架层会通过Native Framework的媒体服务，调用音频部件将软件解码后的音频数据，输出至音频HDI，和图形子系统将硬件接口层的解码HDI部件的解码后的图像数据，输出至显示HDI，实现视频播放功能。
注意：视频播放需要显示、音频、编解码等硬件能力。
- 三方应用从Xcomponent组件获取surfaceID。
- 三方应用把surfaceID传递给VideoPlayer JS。
- 媒体服务把帧数据flush给surface buffer。
3.兼容性说明
推荐使用视频软件主流的播放格式和主流分辨率，不建议开发者自制非常或者异常码流，以免产生无法播放、卡住、花屏等兼容性问题。若发生此类问题不会影响系统，退出码流播放即可。
主流的播放格式和主流分辨率如下：
开发指导
详细API含义可参考：媒体服务API文档VideoPlayer
（1）、全流程场景：
视频播放的全流程场景包含：创建实例，设置url，设置SurfaceId，准备播放视频，播放视频，暂停播放，获取轨道信息，跳转播放位置，设置音量，设置倍速，结束播放，重置，释放资源等流程。
VideoPlayer支持的url媒体源输入类型可参考：url属性说明
Xcomponent创建方法可参考：Xcomponent创建方法
import media from '@ohos.multimedia.media'
import fileIO from '@ohos.fileio'
export class VideoPlayerDemo {
// 函数调用发生错误时用于上报错误信息
failureCallback(error) {
console.info(`error happened,error Name is ${error.name}`);
console.info(`error happened,error Code is ${error.code}`);
console.info(`error happened,error Message is ${error.message}`);
}
// 当函数调用发生异常时用于上报错误信息
catchCallback(error) {
console.info(`catch error happened,error Name is ${error.name}`);
console.info(`catch error happened,error Code is ${error.code}`);
console.info(`catch error happened,error Message is ${error.message}`);
}
// 用于打印视频轨道信息
printfDescription(obj) {
for (let item in obj) {
let property = obj[item];
console.info('key is ' + item);
console.info('value is ' + property);
}
}
async videoPlayerDemo() {
let videoPlayer = undefined;
let surfaceID = 'test' // surfaceID用于播放画面显示，具体的值需要通过Xcomponent接口获取，相关文档链接见上面Xcomponent创建方法
let fdPath = 'fd://'
// path路径的码流可通过"hdc file send D:\xxx\H264_AAC.mp4 /data/app/el1/bundle/public/ohos.acts.multimedia.video.videoplayer/ohos.acts.multimedia.video.videoplayer/assets/entry/resources/rawfile" 命令，将其推送到设备上
let path = '/data/app/el1/bundle/public/ohos.acts.multimedia.video.videoplayer/ohos.acts.multimedia.video.videoplayer/assets/entry/resources/rawfile/H264_AAC.mp4';
await fileIO.open(path).then((fdNumber) => {
fdPath = fdPath + '' + fdNumber;
console.info('open fd success fd is' + fdPath);
}, (err) => {
console.info('open fd failed err is' + err);
}).catch((err) => {
console.info('open fd failed err is' + err);
});
// 调用createVideoPlayer接口返回videoPlayer实例对象
await media.createVideoPlayer().then((video) => {
if (typeof (video) != 'undefined') {
console.info('createVideoPlayer success!');
videoPlayer = video;
} else {
console.info('createVideoPlayer fail!');
}
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 设置播放源
videoPlayer.url = fdPath;
// 设置surfaceID用于显示视频画面
await videoPlayer.setDisplaySurface(surfaceID).then(() => {
console.info('setDisplaySurface success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 调用prepare完成播放前准备工作
await videoPlayer.prepare().then(() => {
console.info('prepare success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 调用play接口正式开始播放
await videoPlayer.play().then(() => {
console.info('play success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 暂停播放
await videoPlayer.pause().then(() => {
console.info('pause success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 通过promise回调方式获取视频轨道信息communication_dsoftbus
let arrayDescription;
await videoPlayer.getTrackDescription().then((arrlist) => {
if (typeof (arrlist) != 'undefined') {
arrayDescription = arrlist;
} else {
console.log('video getTrackDescription fail');
}
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
for (let i = 0; i < arrayDescription.length; i++) {
this.printfDescription(arrayDescription[i]);
}
// 跳转播放时间到50s位置，具体入参意义请参考接口文档
let seekTime = 50000;
await videoPlayer.seek(seekTime, media.SeekMode.SEEK_NEXT_SYNC).then((seekDoneTime) => {
console.info('seek success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 音量设置接口，具体入参意义请参考接口文档
let volume = 0.5;
await videoPlayer.setVolume(volume).then(() => {
console.info('setVolume success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 倍速设置接口，具体入参意义请参考接口文档
let speed = media.PlaybackSpeed.SPEED_FORWARD_2_00_X;
await videoPlayer.setSpeed(speed).then(() => {
console.info('setSpeed success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 结束播放
await videoPlayer.stop().then(() => {
console.info('stop success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 重置播放配置
await videoPlayer.reset().then(() => {
console.info('reset success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 释放播放资源
await videoPlayer.release().then(() => {
console.info('release success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 相关对象置undefined
videoPlayer = undefined;
surfaceID = undefined;
}
}（2）、正常播放场景：
import media from '@ohos.multimedia.media'
import fileIO from '@ohos.fileio'
export class VideoPlayerDemo {
// 函数调用发生错误时用于上报错误信息
failureCallback(error) {
console.info(`error happened,error Name is ${error.name}`);
console.info(`error happened,error Code is ${error.code}`);
console.info(`error happened,error Message is ${error.message}`);
}
// 当函数调用发生异常时用于上报错误信息
catchCallback(error) {
console.info(`catch error happened,error Name is ${error.name}`);
console.info(`catch error happened,error Code is ${error.code}`);
console.info(`catch error happened,error Message is ${error.message}`);
}
// 用于打印视频轨道信息
printfDescription(obj) {
for (let item in obj) {
let property = obj[item];
console.info('key is ' + item);
console.info('value is ' + property);
}
}
async videoPlayerDemo() {
let videoPlayer = undefined;
let surfaceID = 'test' // surfaceID用于播放画面显示，具体的值需要通过Xcomponent接口获取，相关文档链接：
let fdPath = 'fd://'
// path路径的码流可通过"hdc file send D:\xxx\H264_AAC.mp4 /data/app/el1/bundle/public/ohos.acts.multimedia.video.videoplayer/ohos.acts.multimedia.video.videoplayer/assets/entry/resources/rawfile" 命令，将其推送到设备上
let path = '/data/app/el1/bundle/public/ohos.acts.multimedia.video.videoplayer/ohos.acts.multimedia.video.videoplayer/assets/entry/resources/rawfile/H264_AAC.mp4';
await fileIO.open(path).then((fdNumber) => {
fdPath = fdPath + '' + fdNumber;
console.info('open fd success fd is' + fdPath);
}, (err) => {
console.info('open fd failed err is' + err);
}).catch((err) => {
console.info('open fd failed err is' + err);
});
// 调用createVideoPlayer接口返回videoPlayer实例对象
await media.createVideoPlayer().then((video) => {
if (typeof (video) != 'undefined') {
console.info('createVideoPlayer success!');
videoPlayer = video;
} else {
console.info('createVideoPlayer fail!');
}
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 设置播放源
videoPlayer.url = fdPath;
// 设置surfaceID用于显示视频画面
await videoPlayer.setDisplaySurface(surfaceID).then(() => {
console.info('setDisplaySurface success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 调用prepare完成播放前准备工作
await videoPlayer.prepare().then(() => {
console.info('prepare success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 调用play接口正式开始播放
await videoPlayer.play().then(() => {
console.info('play success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 结束播放
await videoPlayer.stop().then(() => {
console.info('stop success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 释放播放资源
await videoPlayer.release().then(() => {
console.info('release success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 相关对象置undefined
videoPlayer = undefined;
surfaceID = undefined;
}
}（3）、切视频场景:
import media from '@ohos.multimedia.media'
import fileIO from '@ohos.fileio'
export class VideoPlayerDemo {
// 函数调用发生错误时用于上报错误信息
failureCallback(error) {
console.info(`error happened,error Name is ${error.name}`);
console.info(`error happened,error Code is ${error.code}`);
console.info(`error happened,error Message is ${error.message}`);
}
// 当函数调用发生异常时用于上报错误信息
catchCallback(error) {
console.info(`catch error happened,error Name is ${error.name}`);
console.info(`catch error happened,error Code is ${error.code}`);
console.info(`catch error happened,error Message is ${error.message}`);
}
// 用于打印视频轨道信息
printfDescription(obj) {
for (let item in obj) {
let property = obj[item];
console.info('key is ' + item);
console.info('value is ' + property);
}
}
async videoPlayerDemo() {
let videoPlayer = undefined;
let surfaceID = 'test' // surfaceID用于播放画面显示，具体的值需要通过Xcomponent接口获取，相关文档链接：
let fdPath = 'fd://'
// path路径的码流可通过"hdc file send D:\xxx\H264_AAC.mp4 /data/app/el1/bundle/public/ohos.acts.multimedia.video.videoplayer/ohos.acts.multimedia.video.videoplayer/assets/entry/resources/rawfile" 命令，将其推送到设备上
let path = '/data/app/el1/bundle/public/ohos.acts.multimedia.video.videoplayer/ohos.acts.multimedia.video.videoplayer/assets/entry/resources/rawfile/H264_AAC.mp4';
let nextPath = '/data/app/el1/bundle/public/ohos.acts.multimedia.video.videoplayer/ohos.acts.multimedia.video.videoplayer/assets/entry/resources/rawfile/MP4_AAC.mp4';
await fileIO.open(path).then((fdNumber) => {
fdPath = fdPath + '' + fdNumber;
console.info('open fd success fd is' + fdPath);
}, (err) => {
console.info('open fd failed err is' + err);
}).catch((err) => {
console.info('open fd failed err is' + err);
});
// 调用createVideoPlayer接口返回videoPlayer实例对象
await media.createVideoPlayer().then((video) => {
if (typeof (video) != 'undefined') {
console.info('createVideoPlayer success!');
videoPlayer = video;
} else {
console.info('createVideoPlayer fail!');
}
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 设置播放源
videoPlayer.url = fdPath;
// 设置surfaceID用于显示视频画面
await videoPlayer.setDisplaySurface(surfaceID).then(() => {
console.info('setDisplaySurface success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 调用prepare完成播放前准备工作
await videoPlayer.prepare().then(() => {
console.info('prepare success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 调用play接口正式开始播放
await videoPlayer.play().then(() => {
console.info('play success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 重置播放配置
await videoPlayer.reset().then(() => {
console.info('reset success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 获取下一个视频fd地址
fdPath = 'fd://'
await fileIO.open(nextPath).then((fdNumber) => {
fdPath = fdPath + '' + fdNumber;
console.info('open fd success fd is' + fdPath);
}, (err) => {
console.info('open fd failed err is' + err);
}).catch((err) => {
console.info('open fd failed err is' + err);
});
// 设置第二个视频播放源
videoPlayer.url = fdPath;
// 调用prepare完成播放前准备工作
await videoPlayer.prepare().then(() => {
console.info('prepare success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 调用play接口正式开始播放
await videoPlayer.play().then(() => {
console.info('play success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 释放播放资源
await videoPlayer.release().then(() => {
console.info('release success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 相关对象置undefined
videoPlayer = undefined;
surfaceID = undefined;
}
}（4）、单个视频循环场景：
import media from '@ohos.multimedia.media'
import fileIO from '@ohos.fileio'
export class VideoPlayerDemo {
// 函数调用发生错误时用于上报错误信息
failureCallback(error) {
console.info(`error happened,error Name is ${error.name}`);
console.info(`error happened,error Code is ${error.code}`);
console.info(`error happened,error Message is ${error.message}`);
}
// 当函数调用发生异常时用于上报错误信息
catchCallback(error) {
console.info(`catch error happened,error Name is ${error.name}`);
console.info(`catch error happened,error Code is ${error.code}`);
console.info(`catch error happened,error Message is ${error.message}`);
}
// 用于打印视频轨道信息
printfDescription(obj) {
for (let item in obj) {
let property = obj[item];
console.info('key is ' + item);
console.info('value is ' + property);
}
}
async videoPlayerDemo() {
let videoPlayer = undefined;
let surfaceID = 'test' // surfaceID用于播放画面显示，具体的值需要通过Xcomponent接口获取，相关文档链接：
let fdPath = 'fd://'
// path路径的码流可通过"hdc file send D:\xxx\H264_AAC.mp4 /data/app/el1/bundle/public/ohos.acts.multimedia.video.videoplayer/ohos.acts.multimedia.video.videoplayer/assets/entry/resources/rawfile" 命令，将其推送到设备上
let path = '/data/app/el1/bundle/public/ohos.acts.multimedia.video.videoplayer/ohos.acts.multimedia.video.videoplayer/assets/entry/resources/rawfile/H264_AAC.mp4';
await fileIO.open(path).then((fdNumber) => {
fdPath = fdPath + '' + fdNumber;
console.info('open fd success fd is' + fdPath);
}, (err) => {
console.info('open fd failed err is' + err);
}).catch((err) => {
console.info('open fd failed err is' + err);
});
// 调用createVideoPlayer接口返回videoPlayer实例对象
await media.createVideoPlayer().then((video) => {
if (typeof (video) != 'undefined') {
console.info('createVideoPlayer success!');
videoPlayer = video;
} else {
console.info('createVideoPlayer fail!');
}
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 设置播放源
videoPlayer.url = fdPath;
// 设置surfaceID用于显示视频画面
await videoPlayer.setDisplaySurface(surfaceID).then(() => {
console.info('setDisplaySurface success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 调用prepare完成播放前准备工作
await videoPlayer.prepare().then(() => {
console.info('prepare success');
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
// 设置循环播放属性
videoPlayer.loop = true;
// 调用play接口正式开始循环播放
await videoPlayer.play().then(() => {
console.info('play success， loop value is ' + videoPlayer.loop);
}, this.failureCallback).catch(this.catchCallback);
}
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