1. 编程实现以下指定功能,并利用Hadoop提供的Shell命令完成相同任务:
    (1) 向HDFS中上传任意文本文件,如果指定的文件在HDFS中已经存在,由用户指定是追加到原有文件末尾还是覆盖原有的文件;
    shell命令实现
    首先启动所有的hadoop应用
  • 上传本地文件到HDFS
hadoop fs -put text.txt /Test/

Hadoop实验数据 hadoop实验二_apache

  • 追加到文件末尾的指令
    hadoop fs -appendToFile local.txt /Test/text.txt
  • 查看HDFS文件的内容
    hadoop fs -cat /Test/text.txt
  • Hadoop实验数据 hadoop实验二_System_02


  • 覆盖原有文件的指令
    hadoop fs -copyFromLocal -f local.txt /Test/text.txt
  • Hadoop实验数据 hadoop实验二_hadoop_03


以上过程也可以用shell脚本实现:

if $(hadoop fs -test -e text.txt);
then $(hadoop fs -appendToFile local.txt /Test/text.txt);
else $(hadoop fs -copyFromLocal -f local.txt /Test/text.txt);
fi

JAVA实现

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataOutputStream;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;

public class CopyFromLocalFile {
   /**
    * 判断路径是否存在
    */
   public static boolean test(Configuration conf, String path) {
       try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {
           return fs.exists(new Path(path));
       } catch (IOException e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
           return false;
       }
   }

   /**
    * 复制文件到指定路径 若路径已存在,则进行覆盖
    */
   public static void copyFromLocalFile(Configuration conf,
           String localFilePath, String remoteFilePath) {
       Path localPath = new Path(localFilePath);
       Path remotePath = new Path(remoteFilePath);
       try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {
           /* fs.copyFromLocalFile 第一个参数表示是否删除源文件,第二个参数表示是否覆盖 */
           fs.copyFromLocalFile(false, true, localPath, remotePath);
       } catch (IOException e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }

   }

   /**
    * 追加文件内容
    */
   public static void appendToFile(Configuration conf, String localFilePath,
           String remoteFilePath) {
       Path remotePath = new Path(remoteFilePath);
       try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
               FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(localFilePath);) {
           FSDataOutputStream out = fs.append(remotePath);
           byte[] data = new byte[1024];
           int read = -1;
           while ((read = in.read(data)) > 0) {
               out.write(data, 0, read);
           }
           out.close();
       } catch (IOException e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }
   }

   /**
    * 主函数
    */
   public static void main(String[] args) {
       Configuration conf = new Configuration();
       conf.set("fs.defaultFS", "hdfs://localhost:9000");
       String localFilePath = "/usr/local/hadoop/text.txt"; // 本地路径
       String remoteFilePath = "/user/tiny/text.txt"; // HDFS路径
       // String choice = "append"; // 若文件存在则追加到文件末尾
       String choice = "overwrite"; // 若文件存在则覆盖

       try {
           /* 判断文件是否存在 */
           boolean fileExists = false;
           if (CopyFromLocalFile.test(conf, remoteFilePath)) {
               fileExists = true;
               System.out.println(remoteFilePath + " 已存在.");
           } else {
               System.out.println(remoteFilePath + " 不存在.");
           }
           /* 进行处理 */
           if (!fileExists) { // 文件不存在,则上传
               CopyFromLocalFile.copyFromLocalFile(conf, localFilePath,
                       remoteFilePath);
               System.out.println(localFilePath + " 已上传至 " + remoteFilePath);
           } else if (choice.equals("overwrite")) { // 选择覆盖
               CopyFromLocalFile.copyFromLocalFile(conf, localFilePath,
                       remoteFilePath);
               System.out.println(localFilePath + " 已覆盖 " + remoteFilePath);
           } else if (choice.equals("append")) { // 选择追加
               CopyFromLocalFile.appendToFile(conf, localFilePath,
                       remoteFilePath);
               System.out.println(localFilePath + " 已追加至 " + remoteFilePath);
           }
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }
   }
}

(2) 从HDFS中下载指定文件,如果本地文件与要下载的文件名称相同,则自动对下载的文件重命名;
Shell命令实现

if $(hadoop fs -test -e /usr/local/hadoop/text.txt);
then $(hadoop fs -copyToLocal /Test/text.txt ./text.txt); 
else $(hadoop fs -copyToLocal /Test/text.txt ./text2.txt); 
fi

Hadoop实验数据 hadoop实验二_HDFS_04

JAVA实现:

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;

import java.io.*;

public class CopyToLocal {
    /**
     * 下载文件到本地 判断本地路径是否已存在,若已存在,则自动进行重命名
     */
    public static void copyToLocal(Configuration conf, String remoteFilePath,
            String localFilePath) {
        Path remotePath = new Path(remoteFilePath);
        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {
            File f = new File(localFilePath);
            /* 如果文件名存在,自动重命名(在文件名后面加上 _0, _1 ...) */
            if (f.exists()) {
                System.out.println(localFilePath + " 已存在.");
                Integer i = Integer.valueOf(0);
                while (true) {
                    f = new File(localFilePath + "_" + i.toString());
                    if (!f.exists()) {
                        localFilePath = localFilePath + "_" + i.toString();
                        break;
                    } else {
                        i++;
                        continue;
                    }
                }
                System.out.println("将重新命名为: " + localFilePath);
            }
            // 下载文件到本地
            Path localPath = new Path(localFilePath);
            fs.copyToLocalFile(remotePath, localPath);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 主函数
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Configuration conf = new Configuration();
        conf.set("fs.defaultFS", "hdfs://localhost:9000");
        String localFilePath = "/usr/local/hadoop/text.txt"; // 本地路径
        String remoteFilePath = "/user/tiny/text.txt"; // HDFS路径

        try {
            CopyToLocal.copyToLocal(conf, remoteFilePath, localFilePath);
            System.out.println("下载完成");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

(3) 将HDFS中指定文件的内容输出到终端中;
Shell 脚本实现:

hadoop fs -cat /Test/text.txt

Hadoop实验数据 hadoop实验二_System_05

JAVA实现

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;

import java.io.*;

public class Cat {
    /**
     * 读取文件内容
     */
    public static void cat(Configuration conf, String remoteFilePath) {
        Path remotePath = new Path(remoteFilePath);
        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
                FSDataInputStream in = fs.open(remotePath);
                BufferedReader d = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));) {
            String line;
            while ((line = d.readLine()) != null) {
                System.out.println(line);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 主函数
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Configuration conf = new Configuration();
        conf.set("fs.defaultFS", "hdfs://localhost:9000");
        String remoteFilePath = "/user/tiny/input/text.txt"; // HDFS路径

        try {
            System.out.println("读取文件: " + remoteFilePath);
            Cat.cat(conf, remoteFilePath);
            System.out.println("\n读取完成");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

(4) 显示HDFS中指定的文件的读写权限、大小、创建时间、路径等信息;
Shell 命令实现

hadoop fs -ls -h /Test/text.txt

Hadoop实验数据 hadoop实验二_hadoop_06

JAVA实现:

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;

import java.io.*;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

public class List {
    /**
     * 显示指定文件的信息
     */
    public static void ls(Configuration conf, String remoteFilePath) {
        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {
            Path remotePath = new Path(remoteFilePath);
            FileStatus[] fileStatuses = fs.listStatus(remotePath);
            for (FileStatus s : fileStatuses) {
                System.out.println("路径: " + s.getPath().toString());
                System.out.println("权限: " + s.getPermission().toString());
                System.out.println("大小: " + s.getLen());
                /* 返回的是时间戳,转化为时间日期格式 */
                long timeStamp = s.getModificationTime();
                SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(
                        "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
                String date = format.format(timeStamp);
                System.out.println("时间: " + date);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 主函数
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Configuration conf = new Configuration();
        conf.set("fs.defaultFS", "hdfs://localhost:9000");
        String remoteFilePath = "/user/tiny/text.txt"; // HDFS路径

        try {
            System.out.println("读取文件信息: " + remoteFilePath);
            List.ls(conf, remoteFilePath);
            System.out.println("\n读取完成");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

(5) 给定HDFS中某一个目录,输出该目录下的所有文件的读写权限、大小、创建时间、路径等信息,如果该文件是目录,则递归输出该目录下所有文件相关信息;
Shell命令实现:

hadoop fs -ls -R -h /Test

Hadoop实验数据 hadoop实验二_System_07

JAVA实现:

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;

import java.io.*;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

public class ListDir {
    /**
     * 显示指定文件夹下所有文件的信息(递归)
     */
    public static void lsDir(Configuration conf, String remoteDir) {
        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {
            Path dirPath = new Path(remoteDir);
            /* 递归获取目录下的所有文件 */
            RemoteIterator<LocatedFileStatus> remoteIterator = fs.listFiles(
                    dirPath, true);
            /* 输出每个文件的信息 */
            while (remoteIterator.hasNext()) {
                FileStatus s = remoteIterator.next();
                System.out.println("路径: " + s.getPath().toString());
                System.out.println("权限: " + s.getPermission().toString());
                System.out.println("大小: " + s.getLen());
                /* 返回的是时间戳,转化为时间日期格式 */
                Long timeStamp = s.getModificationTime();
                SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(
                        "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
                String date = format.format(timeStamp);
                System.out.println("时间: " + date);
                System.out.println();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 主函数
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Configuration conf = new Configuration();
        conf.set("fs.defaultFS", "hdfs://localhost:9000");
        String remoteDir = "/user/tiny"; // HDFS路径

        try {
            System.out.println("(递归)读取目录下所有文件的信息: " + remoteDir);
            ListDir.lsDir(conf, remoteDir);
            System.out.println("读取完成");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

(6) 提供一个HDFS内的文件的路径,对该文件进行创建和删除操作。如果文件所在目录不存在,则自动创建目录;
Shell脚本实现:

#!/bin/bash
if $(hadoop fs -test -d /Test/test1);
then $(hadoop fs -touchz /Test/test1/text1.txt);
else $(hadoop fs -mkdir -p /Test/test1 && hdfs dfs -touchz /Test/test1/text1.txt);
fi

Hadoop实验数据 hadoop实验二_hadoop_08

JAVA实现:

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.*;
import java.io.*;

public class RemoveOrMake {
    /**
     * 判断路径是否存在
     */
    public static boolean test(Configuration conf, String path) {
        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {
            return fs.exists(new Path(path));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 创建目录
     */
    public static boolean mkdir(Configuration conf, String remoteDir) {
        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {
            Path dirPath = new Path(remoteDir);
            return fs.mkdirs(dirPath);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 创建文件
     */
    public static void touchz(Configuration conf, String remoteFilePath) {
        Path remotePath = new Path(remoteFilePath);
        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {
            FSDataOutputStream outputStream = fs.create(remotePath);
            outputStream.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 删除文件
     */
    public static boolean rm(Configuration conf, String remoteFilePath) {
        Path remotePath = new Path(remoteFilePath);
        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {
            return fs.delete(remotePath, false);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 主函数
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Configuration conf = new Configuration();
        conf.set("fs.defaultFS", "hdfs://localhost:9000");
        String remoteFilePath = "/user/tiny/input/text.txt"; // HDFS路径
        String remoteDir = "/user/tiny/input"; // HDFS路径对应的目录

        try {
            /* 判断路径是否存在,存在则删除,否则进行创建 */
            if (RemoveOrMake.test(conf, remoteFilePath)) {
                RemoveOrMake.rm(conf, remoteFilePath); // 删除
                System.out.println("删除文件: " + remoteFilePath);
            } else {
                if (!RemoveOrMake.test(conf, remoteDir)) { // 若目录不存在,则进行创建
                    RemoveOrMake.mkdir(conf, remoteDir);
                    System.out.println("创建文件夹: " + remoteDir);
                }
                RemoveOrMake.touchz(conf, remoteFilePath);
                System.out.println("创建文件: " + remoteFilePath);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

(8) 向HDFS中指定的文件追加内容,由用户指定内容追加到原有文件的开头或结尾;
Shell命令实现:

  • 追加到文件结尾
hadoop fs -appendToFile local.txt /Test/text.txt

Hadoop实验数据 hadoop实验二_hadoop_09

  • 追加到文件开头
hadoop fs -get /Test/text.txt
cat /Test/text.txt >> local.txt
hadoop fs -copyFromLocal -f text.txt /Test/text.txt

Hadoop实验数据 hadoop实验二_System_10

JAVA实现:

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;

import java.io.*;

public class AppendToFile {
    /**
     * 判断路径是否存在
     */
    public static boolean test(Configuration conf, String path) {
        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {
            return fs.exists(new Path(path));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 追加文本内容
     */
    public static void appendContentToFile(Configuration conf, String content,
            String remoteFilePath) {
        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {
            Path remotePath = new Path(remoteFilePath);
            /* 创建一个文件输出流,输出的内容将追加到文件末尾 */
            FSDataOutputStream out = fs.append(remotePath);
            out.write(content.getBytes());
            out.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    /**
     * 追加文件内容
     */
    public static void appendToFile(Configuration conf, String localFilePath,
            String remoteFilePath) {
        Path remotePath = new Path(remoteFilePath);
        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
                FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(localFilePath);) {
            FSDataOutputStream out = fs.append(remotePath);
            byte[] data = new byte[1024];
            int read = -1;
            while ((read = in.read(data)) > 0) {
                out.write(data, 0, read);
            }
            out.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 移动文件到本地 移动后,删除源文件
     */
    public static void moveToLocalFile(Configuration conf,
            String remoteFilePath, String localFilePath) {
        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {
            Path remotePath = new Path(remoteFilePath);
            Path localPath = new Path(localFilePath);
            fs.moveToLocalFile(remotePath, localPath);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 创建文件
     */
    public static void touchz(Configuration conf, String remoteFilePath) {
        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {
            Path remotePath = new Path(remoteFilePath);
            FSDataOutputStream outputStream = fs.create(remotePath);
            outputStream.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 主函数
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Configuration conf = new Configuration();
        conf.set("fs.defaultFS", "hdfs://localhost:9000");
        String remoteFilePath = "/user/tiny/text.txt"; // HDFS文件
        String content = "新追加的内容\n";
        String choice = "after"; // 追加到文件末尾
        // String choice = "before"; // 追加到文件开头

        try {
            /* 判断文件是否存在 */
            if (!AppendToFile.test(conf, remoteFilePath)) {
                System.out.println("文件不存在: " + remoteFilePath);
            } else {
                if (choice.equals("after")) { // 追加在文件末尾
                    AppendToFile.appendContentToFile(conf, content,
                            remoteFilePath);
                    System.out.println("已追加内容到文件末尾" + remoteFilePath);
                } else if (choice.equals("before")) { // 追加到文件开头
                    /* 没有相应的api可以直接操作,因此先把文件移动到本地,创建一个新的HDFS,再按顺序追加内容 */
                    String localTmpPath = "/user/hadoop/tmp.txt";
                    AppendToFile.moveToLocalFile(conf, remoteFilePath,
                            localTmpPath); // 移动到本地
                    AppendToFile.touchz(conf, remoteFilePath); // 创建一个新文件
                    AppendToFile.appendContentToFile(conf, content,
                            remoteFilePath); // 先写入新内容
                    AppendToFile.appendToFile(conf, localTmpPath,
                            remoteFilePath); // 再写入原来内容
                    System.out.println("已追加内容到文件开头: " + remoteFilePath);
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

(9) 删除HDFS中指定的文件;
Shell命令实现:

hadoop fs -rm /Test/test1/text1.txt

Hadoop实验数据 hadoop实验二_HDFS_11

(10) 删除HDFS中指定的目录,由用户指定目录中如果存在文件时是否删除目录;
Shell命令实现:

hadoop fs -rm -R /Test/test1

Hadoop实验数据 hadoop实验二_apache_12

(11) 在HDFS中,将文件从源路径移动到目的路径。

hadoop fs -mv t

Hadoop实验数据 hadoop实验二_System_13

JAVA实现:

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;

import java.io.*;

public class MoveFile {
    /**
     * 移动文件
     */
    public static boolean mv(Configuration conf, String remoteFilePath,
            String remoteToFilePath) {
        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {
            Path srcPath = new Path(remoteFilePath);
            Path dstPath = new Path(remoteToFilePath);
            return fs.rename(srcPath, dstPath);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 主函数
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Configuration conf = new Configuration();
        conf.set("fs.defaultFS", "hdfs://localhost:9000");
        String remoteFilePath = "hdfs:///user/tiny/text.txt"; // 源文件HDFS路径
        String remoteToFilePath = "hdfs:///user/tiny/input"; // 目的HDFS路径

        try {
            if (MoveFile.mv(conf, remoteFilePath, remoteToFilePath)) {
                System.out.println("将文件 " + remoteFilePath + " 移动到 "
                        + remoteToFilePath);
            } else {
                System.out.println("操作失败(源文件不存在或移动失败)");
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
  1. 编程实现一个类“MyFSDataInputStream”,该类继承“org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataInputStream”,要求如下:实现按行读取HDFS中指定文件的方法“readLine()”,如果读到文件末尾,则返回空,否则返回文件一行的文本。

JAVA实现:

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.*;




public class MyFSDataInputStream extends FSDataInputStream{

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public MyFSDataInputStream(InputStream in){
		super(in);
	}
	public static String readline(Configuration conf,String remoteFilePath){
		try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {
	           Path remotePath = new Path(remoteFilePath);
	           FSDataInputStream in = fs.open(remotePath);
	           BufferedReader d = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
	           String line = null;
	           if ((line = d.readLine()) != null) {
	               d.close();
	               in.close();
	               return line;
	           }
	           return null;
	       } catch (IOException e) {
	           // TODO Auto-generated catch block
	           e.printStackTrace();
	           return null;
	       }

	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Configuration conf=new Configuration();
		conf.set("fs.default.name","hdfs://localhost:9000");
		String remoteFilePath="/Test/text.txt";
		
		System.out.println("读取文件:"+remoteFilePath);
		System.out.println(MyFSDataInputStream.readline(conf, remoteFilePath));
		System.out.println("\n读取完成");
	}

}

Hadoop实验数据 hadoop实验二_apache_14


3. 查看Java帮助手册或其它资料,用“java.net.URL”和“org.apache.hadoop.fs.FsURLStreamHandlerFactory”编程完成输出HDFS中指定文件的文本到终端中。

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URL;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IOUtils;


public class FsUrl {

	
	static{;
		URL.setURLStreamHandlerFactory(new FsUrlStreamHandlerFactory());
	}
	
	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	
	public static void cat(String remoteFilePath){
		try(InputStream in=new URL("hdfs","localhost",9000,remoteFilePath).openStream()){
			 IOUtils.copyBytes(in, System.out, 4096, false);
	         IOUtils.closeStream(in);
		}catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
				
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		String remoteFilePath="/Test/text.txt";
		try{
			System.out.println("去读文件:"+remoteFilePath);
			FsUrl.cat(remoteFilePath);
			System.out.println("\n 读取完成");
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}

Hadoop实验数据 hadoop实验二_Hadoop实验数据_15