android自定义style

style是一个包含一种或者多种格式化属性的集合,我们可以将其作为一个属性用在XML布局文件的某个元素当中,比如,我们可以定义一种风格来定义文本的字号大小和颜色,然后将其用于TextView的实例中。

1.在res/values目录下新建style.xml文件,其中写入我们自定义的style



1. <style name="myTextView" parent="android:Widget.TextView">  
2. <item name="android:textSize">15sp</item>  
3. <item name="android:textColor">#FFFFFF</item>  
4. <item name="android:layout_width">wrap_content</item>  
5. <item name="android:layout_height">wrap_content</item>  
6. </style>



2.在xml布局文件中的某个TextView中运用


1. <TextView  
2. "你好!"  
3. "@style/myTextView"  
4. />


style部分就是对style文件的引用,这样就将自定义的style应用在了xml布局文件中了。


android自定义控件 自定义属性

自定义控件在android中无处不见,自定义控件给了我们很大的方便。比如说,一个视图为imageview ,imagebutton ,textview 等诸多控件的组合,用的地方有很多,我们不可能每次都来写3个的组合,既浪费时间,效率又低。在这种情况下,我们就可以自定义一个view来替换他们,不仅提升了效率并且在xml中运用也是相当的美观。 
一、控件自定义属性介绍 
以下示例中代码均在values/attrs.xml 中定义,属性均可随意命名。 
1. reference:参考某一资源ID。 
示例: 

2. color:颜色值。 

<declare-styleable name = "名称">  
 
 <attr name = "background" format = "reference" />  
 
 <attr name = "src" format = "reference" />  
 
 </declare-styleable>


示例: 



<declare-styleable name = "名称">  
 
 <attr name = "textColor" format = "color" />  
 
 </declare-styleable>


3. boolean:布尔值。 


示例: 


<declare-styleable name = "名称">  
 
 <attr name = "focusable" format = "boolean" />  
 
 </declare-styleable>


4. dimension:尺寸值。 


示例: 

<declare-styleable name = "名称">  
 
 <attr name = "layout_width" format = "dimension" />  
 
 </declare-styleable>


5. float:浮点值。 


示例: 


<declare-styleable name = "名称">  
 
 <attr name = "fromAlpha" format = "float" />  
 
 <attr name = "toAlpha" format = "float" />  
 
 </declare-styleable>



6. integer:整型值。 


示例: 


<declare-styleable name = "名称">  
 
 <attr name = "frameDuration" format="integer" />  
 
 <attr name = "framesCount" format="integer" />  
 
 </declare-styleable>


7. string:字符串。 


示例: 


<declare-styleable name = "名称">  
 
 <attr name = "text" format = "string" />  
 
 </declare-styleable>


8. fraction:百分数。 


示例: 


9. enum:枚举值。 

<declare-styleable name="名称">  
 
 <attr name = "pivotX" format = "fraction" />  
 
 <attr name = "pivotY" format = "fraction" />  
 
 </declare-styleable>


示例: 

<declare-styleable name="名称">  
 
 <attr name="orientation">  
 
 <enum name="horizontal" value="0" />  
 
 <enum name="vertical" value="1" />  
 
 </attr>  
 
 </declare-styleable>

10. flag:位或运算。 


示例: 


<declare-styleable name="名称">  
 
 <attr name="windowSoftInputMode">  
 
 <flag name = "stateUnspecified" value = "0" />  
 
 <flag name = "stateUnchanged" value = "1" />  
 
 <flag name = "stateHidden" value = "2" />  
 
 <flag name = "stateAlwaysHidden" value = "3" />  
 
 </attr>  
 
 </declare-styleable>


11.多类型。 


示例: 


<declare-styleable name = "名称">  
 
 <attr name = "background" format = "reference|color" />  
 
 </declare-styleable>


------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 


二、属性的使用以及自定义控件的实现

 


1、构思控件的组成元素,思考所需自定义的属性。 


比如:我要做一个 <带阴影的按钮,按钮正下方有文字说明>(类似9宫格按钮) 


新建values/attrs.xml 


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
 
 <resources>  
 
 <declare-styleable name="custom_view">  
 
 <attr name="custom_id" format="integer" />  
 
 <attr name="src" format="reference" />  
 
 <attr name="background" format="reference" />  
 
 <attr name="text" format="string" />  
 
 <attr name="textColor" format="color" />  
 
 <attr name="textSize" format="dimension" />  
 
 </declare-styleable>  
 
 </resources>


以上,所定义为custom_view,custom_id为按钮id,src为按钮,background为阴影背景,text为按钮说明,textColor为字体颜色,textSize为字体大小。 


2、怎么自定义控件呢,怎么使用这些属性呢?话不多说请看代码,CustomView : 

package com.nanlus.custom;  
 
 import com.nanlus.custom.R;  
 
 import android.content.Context;  
 
 import android.content.res.TypedArray;  
 
 import android.graphics.Color;  
 
 import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;  
 
 import android.util.AttributeSet;  
 
 import android.view.Gravity;  
 
 import android.view.View;  
 
 import android.view.View.OnClickListener;  
 
 import android.widget.FrameLayout;  
 
 import android.widget.ImageButton;  
 
 import android.widget.ImageView;  
 
 import android.widget.TextView;  
 
 public class CustomView extends FrameLayout implements OnClickListener {  
 
 private CustomListener customListener = null;  
 
 private Drawable mSrc = null, mBackground = null;  
 
 private String mText = "";  
 
 private int mTextColor = 0;  
 
 private float mTextSize = 20;  
 
 private int mCustomId = 0;  
 
 private ImageView mBackgroundView = null;  
 
 private ImageButton mButtonView = null;  
 
 private TextView mTextView = null;  
 
 private LayoutParams mParams = null;  
 
 public CustomView(Context context) {  
 
 super(context);  
 
 }  
 
 public CustomView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {  
 
 super(context, attrs);  
 
 TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs,  
 
 R.styleable.custom_view);  
 
 mSrc = a.getDrawable(R.styleable.custom_view_src);  
 
 mBackground = a.getDrawable(R.styleable.custom_view_background);  
 
 mText = a.getString(R.styleable.custom_view_text);  
 
 mTextColor = a.getColor(R.styleable.custom_view_textColor,  
 
 Color.WHITE);  
 
 mTextSize = a.getDimension(R.styleable.custom_view_textSize, 20);  
 
 mCustomId = a.getInt(R.styleable.custom_view_custom_id, 0);  
 
 mTextView = new TextView(context);  
 
 mTextView.setTextSize(mTextSize);  
 
 mTextView.setTextColor(mTextColor);  
 
 mTextView.setText(mText);  
 
 mTextView.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);  
 
 mTextView.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams(LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,  
 
 LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT));  
 
 mButtonView = new ImageButton(context);  
 
 mButtonView.setImageDrawable(mSrc);  
 
 mButtonView.setBackgroundDrawable(null);  
 
 mButtonView.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams(LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,  
 
 LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT));  
 
 mButtonView.setOnClickListener(this);  
 
 mBackgroundView = new ImageView(context);  
 
 mBackgroundView.setImageDrawable(mBackground);  
 
 mBackgroundView.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams(  
 
 LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT));  
 
 addView(mBackgroundView);  
 
 addView(mButtonView);  
 
 addView(mTextView);  
 
 this.setOnClickListener(this);  
 
 a.recycle();  
 
 }  
 
 @Override  
 
 protected void onAttachedToWindow() {  
 
 super.onAttachedToWindow();  
 
 mParams = (LayoutParams) mButtonView.getLayoutParams();  
 
 if (mParams != null) {  
 
 mParams.gravity = Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL | Gravity.TOP;  
 
 mButtonView.setLayoutParams(mParams);  
 
 }  
 
 mParams = (LayoutParams) mBackgroundView.getLayoutParams();  
 
 if (mParams != null) {  
 
 mParams.gravity = Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL | Gravity.TOP;  
 
 mBackgroundView.setLayoutParams(mParams);  
 
 }  
 
 mParams = (LayoutParams) mTextView.getLayoutParams();  
 
 if (mParams != null) {  
 
 mParams.gravity = Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL | Gravity.BOTTOM;  
 
 mTextView.setLayoutParams(mParams);  
 
 }  
 
 }  
 
 public void setCustomListener(CustomListener l) {  
 
 customListener = l;  
 
 }  
 
 @Override  
 
 public void onClick(View v) {  
 
 if (customListener != null) {  
 
 customListener.onCuscomClick(v, mCustomId);  
 
 }  
 
 }  
 
 public interface CustomListener {  
 
 void onCuscomClick(View v, int custom_id);  
 
 }  
 
 }


代码很简单,就不多说,下面来看看我们的CustomView是怎么用的,请看: 


3、自定义控件的使用 


话不多说,请看代码,main.xml: 


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
 
 <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
 
 xmlns:nanlus="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.nanlus.custom"  
 
 android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
 
 android:layout_height="fill_parent" >  
 
 <LinearLayout  
 
 android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
 
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
 
 android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"  
 
 android:layout_centerVertical="true"  
 
 android:orientation="horizontal" >  
 
 <com.nanlus.custom.CustomView  
 
 android:id="@+id/custom1"  
 
 android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
 
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
 
 android:layout_weight="1"  
 
 nanlus:background="@drawable/background"  
 
 nanlus:custom_id="1"  
 
 nanlus:src="@drawable/style_button"  
 
 nanlus:text="按钮1" >  
 
 </com.nanlus.custom.CustomView>  
 
 </LinearLayout>  
 
 </RelativeLayout>


在这里需要解释一下, 


xmlns:nanlus="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.nanlus.custom"


nanlus为在xml中的前缀,com.nanlus.custom为包名 


4、在Activity中,直接上代码 


package com.nanlus.custom;  
 
 import android.os.Bundle;  
 
 import android.view.View;  
 
 import android.widget.ImageButton;  
 
 import android.widget.ImageView;  
 
 import android.widget.TextView;  
 
 import android.widget.Toast;  
 
 import com.nanlus.BaseActivity;  
 
 import com.nanlus.custom.R;  
 
 import com.nanlus.custom.CustomView.CustomListener;  
 
 public class CustomActivity extends BaseActivity implements CustomListener {  
 
 @Override  
 
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
 
 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
 
 setContentView(R.layout.main);  
 
 ((CustomView) this.findViewById(R.id.custom1)).setCustomListener(this);  
 
 }  
 
 @Override  
 
 public void onCuscomClick(View v, int custom_id) {  
 
 switch (custom_id) {  
 
 case 1:  
 
 Toast.makeText(this, "hello !!!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();  
 
 break;  
 
 default:  
 
 break;  
 
 }  
 
 }  
 
 }