Relational DB | Elasticsearch |
数据库(database) | 索引(indices) |
表(tables) | types |
行(rows) | documents |
字段(columns) | fields |
库表行字段,index,type,id,fields, 索引类型文档字段
创建一篇文档
PUT t1/doc/1
{
"name": "小黑的小姨妈",
"age": 18
}
index/type/id id是单个文档
查询所有索引
GET _cat/indices?v
查询指定的索引信息
GET t1
查询文档信息
GET t1/doc/1 #查询指定文档
GET t1/doc/_search #查询所有文档
删除指定索引
DELETE /t1
修改文档
PUT zhifou/doc/1
{
"name":"顾老二",
"age":30,
"from": "gu",
"desc": "皮肤黑、武器长、性格直",
"tags": ["黑", "长", "直"]
}
我们要将黑修改成黄:
POST zhifou/doc/1/_update
{
"doc": {
"desc": "皮肤很黄,武器很长,性格很直",
"tags": ["很黄","很长", "很直"]
}
}
查询字符串
方式一:
GET zhifou/doc/_search?q=from:gu
属性是from,属性值是gu的文档
方式二:
GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"from": "gu"
}
}
}
match条件查询,查询含有(匹配)指定字段值的文档
我们查看来自顾家的都有哪些人
GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"from": "gu"
}
}
}
match查询全部文档
查询zhifou
索引下的doc
类型中的所有文档,那就是查询全部
GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
}
}
match_phrase(短语查询)
GET t1/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase": {
"title": {
"query": "中国"
}
}
}
}
title字段中包含短语中国
GET t1/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase": {
"title": {
"query": "中国世界",
"slop": 2
}
}
}
}
slop了。相当于正则中的中国.*?世界。这个间隔默认为0,指定短语间隔
match_phrase_prefix(最左前缀查询)
GET t3/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase_prefix": {
"desc": "bea"
}
}
}
desc字段bea开头字
GET t3/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase_prefix": {
"desc": {
"query": "bea",
"max_expansions": 1
}
}
}
}
max_expansions来设置最大的前缀扩展数量
multi_match(多字段查询)
方法一:
GET t3/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{
"match": {
"title": "beautiful"
}
},
{
"match": {
"desc": "beautiful"
}
}
]
}
}
}
方法二:
GET t3/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"multi_match": {
"query": "beautiful",
"fields": ["title", "desc"]
}
}
}
multi_match甚至可以当做match_phrase和match_phrase_prefix使用,只需要指定type类型即可:
GET t3/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"multi_match": {
"query": "gi",
"fields": ["title"],
"type": "phrase_prefix"
}
}
}
GET t3/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"multi_match": {
"query": "girl",
"fields": ["title"],
"type": "phrase"
}
}
}
term查询#单个匹配项
POST _analyze
{
"analyzer": "standard",
"text": "Beautiful girl!"
}
# 结果
["beautiful", "girl"]
GET w10/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"term": {
"t1": "beautiful"
}
}
}
terms查询#多个匹配项
GET w10/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"terms": {
"t1": ["beautiful", "sexy"]
}
}
}
排序查询:sort#按某个字段降序查询
查询顾府都有哪些人,并根据age字段按照降序
GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"from": "gu"
}
},
"sort": [
{
"age": {
"order": "desc"
}
}
]
}
按某个字段升序查询
GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
},
"sort": [
{
"age": {
"order": "asc"
}
}
]
}
分页查询:from/size#
GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
},
"sort": [
{
"age": {
"order": "desc"
}
}
],
"from": 2,
"size": 1
}
from:从哪开始查
size:返回几条结果
bool查询
must#(and)并且,满足多个条件
单个条件查询:布尔查询所有from属性为gu的数据:
GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{
"match": {
"from": "gu"
}
}
]
}
}
}
多个条件查询:想要查询from为gu,并且age为30的数据
GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{
"match": {
"from": "gu"
}
},
{
"match": {
"age": 30
}
}
]
}
}
}
bool查询should(or),满足一个就行
查询只要是from为gu或者tags为闭月的数据
GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"should": [
{
"match": {
"from": "gu"
}
},
{
"match": {
"tags": "闭月"
}
}
]
}
}
}
bool查询must_not(not) 既不,也不是
查询from既不是gu并且tags也不是可爱,还有age不是18的数据
GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must_not": [
{
"match": {
"from": "gu"
}
},
{
"match": {
"tags": "可爱"
}
},
{
"match": {
"age": 18
}
}
]
}
}
}
bool查询filter 满足某个条件,某个字段还可以比较大小范围
查询from为gu,age大于25的数据 。比较符号有gt gte lt lte
GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{
"match": {
"from": "gu"
}
}
],
"filter": {
"range": {
"age": {
"gt": 25
}
}
}
}
}
}
查询from是gu,age在25~30之间
GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{
"match": {
"from": "gu"
}
}
],
"filter": {
"range": {
"age": {
"gte": 25,
"lte": 30
}
}
}
}
}
}
must改成should,满足下面的filter但不满足上面的match也会显示出来
GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"should": [
{
"match": {
"from": "sheng"
}
}
],
"filter": {
"range": {
"age": {
"lte": 25
}
}
}
}
}
}
bool must filter过滤,过滤一个字段是a,并且另一个字段是b或者c
GET xxx-fsmxx_pm_rawxx_mod_unix_linux_211128/_doc/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [{
"range": {
"DCTIME": {
"from": 1,
"to": 1738028800000,
"include_lower": false,
"include_upper": false,
"boost": 1.0
}
}
}],
"filter": [{
"terms": {
"KPI_NO": ["20200413185034"],
"boost": 1.0
}
}, {
"terms": {
"KBP": ["6518921118106698111","6038954760944889699"]
}
}],
"adjust_pure_negative": true,
"boost": 1.0
}
},
"sort": [{
"DCTIME": {
"order": "asc",
"unmapped_type": "long"
}
}]
}
-
must
:与关系,相当于关系型数据库中的and
。 -
should
:或关系,相当于关系型数据库中的or
。 -
must_not
:非关系,相当于关系型数据库中的not
。 -
filter
:过滤条件。 -
range
:条件筛选范围。 -
gt
:大于,相当于关系型数据库中的>
。 -
gte
:大于等于,相当于关系型数据库中的>=
。 -
lt
:小于,相当于关系型数据库中的<
。 -
lte
:小于等于,相当于关系型数据库中的<=
。
结果过滤:_source
在所有的结果中,我只需要查看name和age两个属性,其他的不要
GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"name": "顾老二"
}
},
"_source": ["name", "age"]
}
avg
查询from是gu的人的平均年龄
GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"from": "gu"
}
},
"aggs": {
"my_avg": {
"avg": {
"field": "age"
}
}
},
"_source": ["name", "age"]
}
首先匹配查询from是gu的数据。在此基础上做查询平均值的操作,这里就用到了聚合函数,其语法被封装在aggs中,而my_avg则是为查询结果起个别名,封装了计算出的平均值。那么,要以什么属性作为条件呢?是age年龄,查年龄的什么呢?是avg,查平均年龄。
只想看平均值
GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"from": "gu"
}
},
"aggs": {
"my_avg": {
"avg": {
"field": "age"
}
}
},
"size": 0,
"_source": ["name", "age"]
}
max
GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"from": "gu"
}
},
"aggs": {
"my_max": {
"max": {
"field": "age"
}
}
},
"size": 0
}
min
GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"from": "gu"
}
},
"aggs": {
"my_min": {
"min": {
"field": "age"
}
}
},
"size": 0
}
sum
GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"from": "gu"
}
},
"aggs": {
"my_sum": {
"sum": {
"field": "age"
}
}
},
"size": 0
}
分组查询和分组聚合
查询所有人的年龄段,并且按照15~20,20~25,25~30分组,
GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
"size": 0,
"query": {
"match_all": {}
},
"aggs": {
"age_group": {
"range": {
"field": "age",
"ranges": [
{
"from": 15,
"to": 20
},
{
"from": 20,
"to": 25
},
{
"from": 25,
"to": 30
}
]
}
}
}
}
查询所有人的年龄段,并且按照15~20,20~25,25~30分组,并且算出每组的平均年龄。每个小组内的数据做平均年龄处理。
GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
"size": 0,
"query": {
"match_all": {}
},
"aggs": {
"age_group": {
"range": {
"field": "age",
"ranges": [
{
"from": 15,
"to": 20
},
{
"from": 20,
"to": 25
},
{
"from": 25,
"to": 30
}
]
},
"aggs": {
"my_avg": {
"avg": {
"field": "age"
}
}
}
}
}
}
curl方法查看es集群信息:
现场磁盘空间使用情况查询
curl -XGET -u 用户:密码 "http://ip:端口/_cat/nodes?v&h=http,version,jdk,disk.total,disk.used,disk.avail,disk.used_percent,heap.current,heap.percent,heap.max,ram.current,ram.percent,ram.max,master"
好像是查看所有索引分片的吧,反正是一大片输出:
curl -XGET -u 用户:密码 "http://ip:端口/_cat/shards?v"
查看集群状态:
curl -XGET -u 用户:密码 -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://ip:端口/_cat/health?v