Android 6.0 动态权限:
除了要在AndroidManifest.xml中申请外,还需使用时,请求用户允许授权。
以下是需要单独申请的权限,共分为9组,每组只要有一个权限申请成功了,就默认整组权限都可以使用了。
如果将targetSdkVersion设置为>=23,则必须按照Android谷歌的要求,动态的申请权限,如果你暂时不打算支持动态权限申请,则targetSdkVersion最大只能设置为22.
1 group:android.permission-group.CONTACTS
2 permission:android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS
3 permission:android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS
4 permission:android.permission.READ_CONTACTS
5
6 group:android.permission-group.PHONE
7 permission:android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG
8 permission:android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE
9 permission:android.permission.CALL_PHONE
10 permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG
11 permission:android.permission.USE_SIP
12 permission:android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS
13 permission:com.android.voicemail.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL
14
15 group:android.permission-group.CALENDAR
16 permission:android.permission.READ_CALENDAR
17 permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR
18
19 group:android.permission-group.CAMERA
20 permission:android.permission.CAMERA
21
22 group:android.permission-group.SENSORS
23 permission:android.permission.BODY_SENSORS
24
25 group:android.permission-group.LOCATION
26 permission:android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
27 permission:android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION
28
29 group:android.permission-group.STORAGE
30 permission:android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
31 permission:android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
32
33 group:android.permission-group.MICROPHONE
34 permission:android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO
35
36 group:android.permission-group.SMS
37 permission:android.permission.READ_SMS
38 permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH
39 permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS
40 permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS
41 permission:android.permission.SEND_SMS
42 permission:android.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS
其它的权限,不用动态申请权限,在AndroidManifest.xml中申请即可。
1 public class PermissionUtils {
2
3 public static final int REQUEST_LOCATION_PERMISSION = 999;
4
5 public static boolean requestPermission(final Activity activity, String requestPermission) {
6 if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 23) {
7 return true;
8 }
9
10 if (activity == null) {
11 return false;
12 }
13
14 /**
15 (1)如果是6.0以下的手机,ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission()会始终等于PERMISSION_GRANTED,
16 (2)如果用户关闭了你申请的权限(如在安装的时候,将一些权限关闭了) 使用ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission()
则可能会导致程序崩溃(java.lang.RuntimeException: Unknown exception code: 1 msg null);
17 **/
18
19 int checkSelfPermission;
20 try {
21 // 检查是否有此权限ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(...),如果已经开启,则可以做此权限下的功能。
22 checkSelfPermission = ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, requestPermission);
23 } catch (RuntimeException e) {
24 openSettingActivity(activity, activity.getResources().getString(R.string.permission_request));
25 return false;
26 }
27
28 if (checkSelfPermission != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
29 // 如果未开启,则判断是否需要向用户解释为何申请权限shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale
30 if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(activity, requestPermission)) {
31 // 如果需要(返回true),则可以弹出对话框提示用户申请权限原因,用户确认后申请权限requestPermissions().
32 showMessage(activity, REQUEST_LOCATION_PERMISSION, requestPermission);
33 } else {
34 // 如果不需要(返回false),则直接申请权限requestPermissions()。
35 ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity, new String[] {requestPermission}
36 , REQUEST_LOCATION_PERMISSION);
37 }
38 return false;
39
40 } else {
41 return true;
42 }
43 }
44
45 private static void openSettingActivity(final Activity activity, String message) {
46
47 showMessageOKCancel(activity, message, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
48 @Override
49 public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
50 Intent intent = new Intent();
51 intent.setAction(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
52 Uri uri = Uri.fromParts("package", activity.getPackageName(), null);
53 intent.setData(uri);
54 activity.startActivity(intent);
55 }
56 });
57 }
58
59 private static void showMessage(final Activity activity, final int requestCode, final String requestPermission) {
60 String permissionsHint = activity.getResources().getString(R.string.location_permission_tip);
61 showMessageOKCancel(activity, permissionsHint
62 , new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
63 @Override
64 public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
65 ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity,
66 new String[]{requestPermission},
67 requestCode);
68 }
69 });
70 }
71
72 private static void showMessageOKCancel(final Activity context, String message, DialogInterface.OnClickListener okListener) {
73 new AlertDialog.Builder(context)
74 .setMessage(message)
75 .setPositiveButton(android.R.string.ok, okListener)
76 .setNegativeButton(android.R.string.cancel, null)
77 .create()
78 .show();
79 }
80 }
使用:请求位置权限:
1 if (PermissionUtils.requestPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)) {
2 // todo
3 }
第三方SDK:EasyPermissions
EasyPermissions 。和系统提供的权限管理很相似,简化权限管理。
(1) 在build.gradle文件中引入包:
1 dependencies {
2 compile 'pub.devrel:easypermissions:0.1.7'
3 }
(2) 在需要申请权限的 Activity implementsEasyPermissions.PermissionCallbacks
1 public class MainActivity extends Activity implements EasyPermissions.PermissionCallbacks {
3 @Override
4 public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
5 super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
6
7 // 调用EasyPermissions的onRequestPermissionsResult方法,参数和系统方法保持一致,然后就不要关心具体的权限申请代码了
8 EasyPermissions.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults, this);
9 }
10 @Override
11 public void onPermissionsGranted(int requestCode, List<String> list) {
12 // 此处表示权限申请已经成功,可以使用该权限完成app的相应的操作了
13 // TODO
14 }
15 @Override
16 public void onPermissionsDenied(int requestCode, List<String> list) {
17 // 此处表示权限申请被用户拒绝了,此处可以通过弹框等方式展示申请该权限的原因,以使用户允许使用该权限
18 // TODO
19 }
20 }
(3) 使用:AfterPermissionGranted注解是可选的,如果有该注解的话,那么当request值对应的权限申请通过的话会自动调用该方法。
1 @AfterPermissionGranted(RC_CAMERA_PERM)
2 public void cameraTask() {
3 if (EasyPermissions.hasPermissions(this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA)) {
4 // 已经有摄像头权限了,可以使用该权限完成app的相应的操作 6 } else {
7 // app还没有使用摄像头的权限,调用该方法进行申请,同时给出了相应的说明文案,提高用户同意的可能性
8 EasyPermissions.requestPermissions(this, getString(R.string.rationale_camera),
9 RC_CAMERA_PERM, Manifest.permission.CAMERA);
10 }
11 }
作者:晕菜一员