客户端使用javascript解析满足json格式要求的字符串,十分容易,只要使用eval函数就可以了。不过有个技巧,就是要在字符串两端加上括号。
也即以这个方式来使用:var obj = eval("("+json_string+")");
举个例子:
var str = "{‘name’:'wallimn’,'email’:wallimn@sohu.com,’blog’:'http://blog.csdn.net/wallimn’}";
var json = eval("("+str+")");
alert(json.name);//这样就可以取到对应的值了。
那么在服务器端,如何方便快捷的生成JSON格式要求的字符串呢。好象有现成的jar包工具可供使用(JSON-lib是个较有名的开源项目,但具有很多用不到的复杂功能,执行还要依赖于几个jar包,过于庞大)。但实际上这个工作是非常简单的。我自己写了一个简单的工具类,支持多种数据类型(简单类型、BEAN对象、List、Map以及数组),支持JSON嵌套。很简单,相信大家一看就知道了。
package com.json.util;
import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
/**
* 用来输出JSON字符串,交给Javascript在页面上进行处理。支持JSON对象的嵌套,支持数组
*/
public class JsonUtil {
private Map<String, Object> jsonMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
private static SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat(
"yyyy-MM-dd");
public void clear() {
jsonMap.clear();
}
/**
* @param key
* @param value
* 支持简单类型(即原生类型的包装器类)、bean对象、List<Object>、Map<String,Object>以及数组
* @return
*/
public Map<String, Object> put(String key, Object value) {
jsonMap.put(key, value);
return jsonMap;
}
// 判断是否要加引号
private static boolean isNoQuote(Object value) {
return (value instanceof Integer || value instanceof Boolean
|| value instanceof Double || value instanceof Float
|| value instanceof Short || value instanceof Long || value instanceof Byte);
}
private static boolean isQuote(Object value) {
return (value instanceof String || value instanceof Character);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Override
/*
* 返回形如{‘apple’:'red’,'lemon’:'yellow’}的字符串
*/
public String toString() {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
sb.append("{");
Set<Entry<String, Object>> set = jsonMap.entrySet();
for (Entry<String, Object> entry : set) {
Object value = entry.getValue();
if (value == null) {
continue;// 对于null值,不进行处理,页面上的js取不到值时也是null
}
sb.append("’").append(entry.getKey()).append("’:");
if (value instanceof JsonUtil) {
sb.append(value.toString());
} else if (isNoQuote(value)) {
sb.append(value);
} else if (value instanceof Date) {
sb.append("’").append(formatter.format(value)).append("’");
} else if (isQuote(value)) {
sb.append("’").append(value).append("’");
} else if (value.getClass().isArray()) {
sb.append(ArrayToStr((int[]) value));
} else if (value instanceof Map) {
sb.append(fromObject((Map<String, Object>) value).toString());
} else if (value instanceof List) {
sb.append(ListToStr((List<Object>) value));
} else {
sb.append(fromObject(value).toString());
}
sb.append(",");
}
int len = sb.length();
if (len > 1) {
sb.delete(len - 1, len);
}
sb.append("}");
return sb.toString();
}
public static String ArrayToStr(Object array) {
if (!array.getClass().isArray())
return "[]";
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
sb.append("[");
int len = Array.getLength(array);
Object v = null;
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
v = Array.get(array, i);
if (v instanceof Date) {
sb.append("'").append(formatter.format(v)).append("'").append(
",");
} else if (isQuote(v)) {
sb.append("'").append(v).append("'").append(",");
} else if (isNoQuote(v)) {
sb.append(i).append(",");
} else {
sb.append(fromObject(v)).append(",");
}
}
len = sb.length();
if (len > 1)
sb.delete(len - 1, len);
sb.append("]");
return sb.toString();
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static String ListToStr(List<Object> list) {
if (list == null)
return null;
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
sb.append("[");
Object value = null;
for (java.util.Iterator<Object> it = list.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
value = it.next();
if (value instanceof Map) {
sb.append(fromObject((Map) value).toString()).append(",");
} else if (isNoQuote(value)) {
sb.append(value).append(",");
} else if (isQuote(value)) {
sb.append("'").append(value).append("'").append(",");
} else {
sb.append(fromObject(value).toString()).append(",");
}
}
int len = sb.length();
if (len > 1)
sb.delete(len - 1, len);
sb.append("]");
return sb.toString();
}
/**
* 从一个bean装载数据,返回一个JsonUtil对象。
*
* @param object
* @return
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static JsonUtil fromObject(Object bean) {
JsonUtil json = new JsonUtil();
if (bean == null)
return json;
Class cls = bean.getClass();
Field[] fs = cls.getDeclaredFields();
Object value = null;
String fieldName = null;
Method method = null;
int len = fs.length;
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
fieldName = fs[i].getName();
try {
method = cls.getMethod(getGetter(fieldName), (Class[]) null);
value = method.invoke(bean, (Object[]) null);
} catch (Exception e) {
// System.out.println(method.getName());
// e.printStackTrace();
continue;
}
json.put(fieldName, value);
}
return json;
}
/**
* 从Map中装载数据
* @param map
* @return
*/
public static JsonUtil fromObject(Map<String, Object> map) {
JsonUtil json = new JsonUtil();
if (map == null)
return json;
json.getMap().putAll(map);
return json;
}
private static String getGetter(String property) {
return "get" + property.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase()
+ property.substring(1, property.length());
}
public Map<String, Object> getMap() {
return this.jsonMap;
}
}
至于类的使用,非常简单了,示例如下:
Java代码
JsonUtil util = new JsonUtil();
util.put("name", "wallimn");
util.put("blog", "http://blog.csdn.net/wallimn");
util.put("ttt", true);
util.put("dd", 1.3d);
util.put("ff", 1.3f);
util.put("date", new java.util.Date());
int []a = new int[]{2,3,4,5};
util.put("arr", a);
Map<String,Object> map1 = new HashMap<String,Object>();
map1.put("name", "wallimn");
map1.put("age", 2);
Map<String,Object> map2 = new HashMap<String,Object>();
map2.put("name", "wal2limn");
map2.put("age", 22);
util.put("map1", map1);
util.put("map2", map2);
List<Map<String,Object>> list = new LinkedList<Map<String,Object>>();
list.add(map1);
list.add(map2);
util.put("listMap", list);
TestBean t = new TestBean("wallimn","男");
util.put("beanObject", t);
List<Integer> li = new LinkedList<Integer>();
li.add(1);
li.add(1);
li.add(1);
util.put("listInteger", li);
//System.out.println(JsonUtil.fromObject(map1));
System.out.println(util);
{'dd':1.3,
'ttt':true,
'map1': {'age':2,'name':'wallimn'},
'ff':1.3,
'map2': {'age':22,'name':'wal2limn'},
'arr':[0,1,2,3],
'listMap': [{'age':2,'name':'wallimn'}, {'age':22,'name':'wal2limn'}],
'date':'2009-02-05′,
'listInteger': [1,1,1],
'name':'wallimn',
'beanObject':{'sex':'男 ','name':'wallimn'},
'blog':'http://blog.csdn.net/wallimn'
}