如果没有关联关系,平常我们使用save、get、update、delete方法即可对实体对象进行增删改查,但是一旦实体对象有关联关系的时候,就不能直接使用save、get、update、delete方法了,就要进行一系列的语句拆分和组合。

牵扯到对一个实体对象做操作,是否要对关联的另外一个实体对象做操作。

这里来探讨一下删除delete“多对一”中“一”这一方的问题:

User.java:

package cn.edu.hpu.one2many;


import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;


@Entity
@Table(name="m_user")
public class User {
	private int id;
	private String name;
	private Group group;
	
	//只要有双向就要指定制定一个属性(mapedby)
	//不指定的话会有两个相同的字段产生
    @ManyToOne(cascade={CascadeType.ALL},fetch=FetchType.EAGER)
	public Group getGroup() {
		return group;
	}
	public void setGroup(Group group) {
		this.group = group;
	}
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
}



Group.java:


package cn.edu.hpu.one2many;


import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;


import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;


@Entity
@Table(name="m_group")
public class Group {
	private int id;
	private String name;
	private Set<User> users=new HashSet<User>();
	//选择set的原因是因为,set互相之间不会有重复的
	//跟数据库模型比较匹配
	
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
	@OneToMany(mappedBy="group",
		cascade={CascadeType.ALL},
		fetch=FetchType.LAZY
	)
	public Set<User> getUsers() {
		return users;
	}
	public void setUsers(Set<User> users) {
		this.users = users;
	}
	
}



进行删除的测试:


对于删除,应该先select之后才删除,因为要确定是否存在此数据。


当然如果已经知道id了,那就可以使用id删除字段。



测试代码:


@Test
public void testDeleteUser(){
	sessionFactory=new AnnotationConfiguration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
	Session s=sessionFactory.openSession();
	s.beginTransaction();
	User u=(User)s.load(User.class,3);
	s.delete(u);
    s.getTransaction().commit();
}


输出的sql语句:



Hibernate: 

     select

         user0_.id as id1_1_,

         user0_.group_id as group3_1_1_,

         user0_.name as name1_1_,

         group1_.id as id0_0_,

         group1_.name as name0_0_ 

     from

         m_user user0_ 

     left outer join

         m_group group1_ 

             on user0_.group_id=group1_.id 

     where

         user0_.id=?

 Hibernate: 

     select

         users0_.group_id as group3_0_1_,

         users0_.id as id1_,

         users0_.id as id1_0_,

         users0_.group_id as group3_1_0_,

         users0_.name as name1_0_ 

     from

         m_user users0_ 

     where

         users0_.group_id=?

 Hibernate: 

     delete 

     from

         m_user 

     where

         id=?

 Hibernate: 

     delete 

     from

         m_user 

     where

         id=?

 Hibernate: 

     delete 

     from

         m_user 

     where

         id=?

 Hibernate: 

     delete 

     from

         m_user 

     where

         id=?

 Hibernate: 

     delete 

     from

         m_group 

     where

         id=?


发现,u3、u4、u5、u6都被删除了,group也被删除了。(u3、u4、u5、u6都属于group)


原因是因为我们删除u3(cascade={CascadeType.ALL})的时候,u3关联的是g1,而g1里面也是cascade={CascadeType.ALL},g1又关联u4、u5、u6,所以u4、u5、u6也被删除了。




那怎么办?我们可以把CascadeType设为其他的,不设置为ALL,但是会影响到其他,有没有其他办法?




在你不方便设置cascade的情况下,办法是“打破关联关系”。说白了就是你手动去除u3和g1的关联关系:


@Test
public void testDeleteUser(){
	sessionFactory=new AnnotationConfiguration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
	Session s=sessionFactory.openSession();
	s.beginTransaction();
	User u=(User)s.load(User.class,3);
	u.setGroup(null);
	s.delete(u);
    s.getTransaction().commit();
}




输出的sql语句为:


Hibernate: 

     select

         user0_.id as id1_1_,

         user0_.group_id as group3_1_1_,

         user0_.name as name1_1_,

         group1_.id as id0_0_,

         group1_.name as name0_0_ 

     from

         m_user user0_ 

     left outer join

         m_group group1_ 

             on user0_.group_id=group1_.id 

     where

         user0_.id=?

 Hibernate: 

     delete 

     from

         m_user 

     where

         id=?


发现只删除了user3,并没有删除级联的group。



还有一中办法,就是用HQL来删除。



代码:


@Test
public void testDeleteUser(){
	sessionFactory=new AnnotationConfiguration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
	Session s=sessionFactory.openSession();
	s.beginTransaction();    
	s.createQuery("delete from User u where u.id = 3").executeUpdate();
	s.getTransaction().commit();
}


输出的sql语句:

Hibernate: 

     delete 

     from

         m_user 

     where

         id=3


说明只删除了u3.有的是办法= =