文章目录
- 一、概述
- 二、安装
- 2.1、源码编译安装
- 2.2、命令行安装
- 3.2、安装确认
- 三、重要参数详解
- 3.1、查询支持的参数
- 3.2、参数说明
- 四、实例
- 4.1、不指定设备检查
- 4.2、指定起始地址检测
一、概述
A userspace utility for testing the memory subsystem for faults. It’s portable and should compile and work on any 32- or 64-bit Unix-like system. (Yes, even weird, proprietary Unices, and even Mac OS X.) For hardware developers, memtester can be told to test memory starting at a particular physical address as of memtester version 4.1.0.
memtester官网：https://pyropus.ca./software/memtester/
二、安装
2.1、源码编译安装
源码编译安装请参考如下命令：
// 1.下载源码
wget http://pyropus.ca/software/memtester/old-versions/memtester-4.3.0.tar.gz
// 2. 解压缩
tar xzvf memtester-4.3.0.tar.gz
// 3. 编译
sudo make
// 4. 安装
sudo make install
2.2、命令行安装
Ubuntu下执行如下命令进行安装：
sudo apt-get install memtester
3.2、安装确认
执行如下命令来确认memtester是否安装成功：
memtester --version
三、重要参数详解
3.1、查询支持的参数
执行如下命令可以确认memtester支持的参数：
man memtestermemtester(8) Maintenance Commands memtester(8)
NAME
memtester - stress test to find memory subsystem faults.
SYNOPSIS
memtester [-p PHYSADDR [-d DEVICE]] <MEMORY> [ITERATIONS]
DESCRIPTION
memtester is an effective userspace tester for stress-testing the memory subsystem. It is very
effective at finding intermittent and non-deterministic faults. Note that problems in other hardware
areas (overheating CPU, out-of-specification power supply, etc.) can cause intermittent memory
faults, so it is still up to you to determine where the fault lies through normal hardware diagnostic
procedures; memtester just helps you determine whether a problem exists.
memtester will malloc(3) the amount of memory specified, if possible. If this fails, it will
decrease the amount of memory requested until it succeeds. It will then attempt to mlock(3) this
memory; if it cannot do so, testing will be slower and much less effective. Run memtester as root so
that it can mlock the memory it tests.
Note that the maximum amount of memory that memtester can test will be less than the total amount of
memory installed in the system; the operating system, libraries, and other system limits take some of
the available memory. memtester is also limited to the amount of memory available to a single
process; for example, on 32-bit machines with more than 4GB of memory, memtester is still limited to
less than 4GB.
Note that it is up to you to know how much memory you can safely allocate for testing. If you
attempt to allocate more memory than is available, memtester should figure that out, reduce the
amount slightly, and try again. However, this can lead to memtester successfully allocating and
mlocking essentially all free memory on the system -- if other programs are running, this can lead to
excessive swapping and slowing the system down to the point that it is difficult to use. If the sys‐
tem allows allocation of more memory than is actually available (overcommit), it may lead to a dead‐
lock, where the system halts. If the system has an out-of-memory process killer (like Linux),
memtester or another process may be killed by the OOM killer.
So choose wisely.
OPTIONS
-p PHYSADDR
tells memtester to test a specific region of memory starting at physical address PHYSADDR
(given in hex), by mmap(2)ing a device specified by the -d option (below, or /dev/mem by
default). This is mostly of use to hardware developers, for testing memory-mapped I/O devices
and similar. Note that the memory region will be overwritten during testing, so it is not
safe to specify memory which is allocated for the system or for other applications; doing so
will cause them to crash. If you absolutely must test a particular region of actual physical
memory, arrange to have that memory allocated by your test software, and hold it in this allo‐
cated state, then run memtester on it with this option.
MEMORY the amount of memory to allocate and test, in megabytes by default. You can include a suffix
of B, K, M, or G to indicate bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, or gigabytes respectively.
ITERATIONS
(optional) number of loops to iterate through. Default is infinite.
ENVIRONMENT
If the environment variable MEMTESTER_TEST_MASK is set, memtester treats the value as a bitmask of
which tests (other than the stuck address test) to run. The value can be specified in decimal, in
octal (with a leading 0), or in hexadecimal (with a leading 0x). The specific bit values correspond‐
ing to particular tests may change from release to release; consult the list of tests in the source
for the appropriate index values for the version of memtester you are running. Note that skipping
some tests will reduce the time it takes for memtester to run, but also reduce memtester's effective‐
ness.
NOTE
memtester must be run with root privileges to mlock(3) its pages. Testing memory without locking the
pages in place is mostly pointless and slow.
EXIT CODE
memtester's exit code is 0 when everything works properly. Otherwise, it is the logical OR of the
following values:
x01 error allocating or locking memory, or invocation error
x02 error during stuck address test
x04 error during one of the other tests
AUTHOR
Written by Charles Cazabon.
REPORTING BUGS
Report bugs to <charlesc-memtester-bugs@pyropus.ca>.
COPYRIGHT
Copyright © 2001-2012 Charles Cazabon
This is free software; see the file COPYING for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even
for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
memtester 4 June 2012 memtester(8)3.2、参数说明
- -p physaddrbase：从XX物理地址开始遍历检查。
- -d device: 制定要检查的设备名。
- mem: :默认使用M（MB），可以指定B, K, M, or G（分别代表 bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, or gigabytes）。
- loops:测试的次数，默认是无限。
四、实例
4.1、不指定设备检查
分配1M内存用于memtest，循环两次
memtester 1M 2
4.2、指定起始地址检测
分配1M内存用于memtest，循环两次
memtester -p 0x120000000 1M 1
