手机都有gps和网络，通过gps或者网络可以定位到自己，然后通过百度，腾讯啊之类的地图可以显示我们的地理位置。这里学习下百度地图的使用。首先就是要申请开发者了，这个详细就不多讲了。​​http://developer.baidu.com/map/wiki/index.php?title=androidsdk/guide/key​​。可以参考这里，详细介绍了怎么申请。

    然后创建应用，创建好了之后，如下所示：

Android开发学习之路--百度地图之初体验_xml

    接着是下载百度的sdk了。​​http://lbsyun.baidu.com/index.php?title=androidsdk/sdkandev-download​​。一键下载即可，下载好后是v3.7.1版本，如下：

Android开发学习之路--百度地图之初体验_ide_02

    之后需要把libs下的内容拷贝到项目中的。接着我们新建工程，emBaiduMapStudy。然后把上面libs下的jar包和文件夹下的so都拷贝到项目的libs目录下。修改build.gradle：


apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 23
    buildToolsVersion "23.0.2"

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.jared.embaidumapstudy"
        minSdkVersion 15
        targetSdkVersion 23
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
    sourceSets {
        main {
            jniLibs.srcDirs = ['libs']
        }
    }
}

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.1.1'
}


    这里添加了sourceSets。接着我们修改layout布局： 


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_margin="5dp">

    <TextView
        android:text="Hello Baidu Map"
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:layout_margin="2dp"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

    <com.baidu.mapapi.map.MapView
        android:id="@+id/bmapView"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:clickable="true"/>

</LinearLayout>


    接着修改权限，修改AndroidManifest文件如下： 


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.jared.embaidumapstudy" >

    <permission android:name="android.permission.BAIDU_LOCATION_SERVICE" />

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BAIDU_LOCATION_SERVICE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.READ_SETTINGS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_GPS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BROADCAST_STICKY" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS" />
    <!-- 来电消音 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS" />

    <application
        android:name=".DemoApplication"
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >

        <meta-data
            android:name="com.baidu.lbsapi.API_KEY"
            android:value="lMYt4e8sq4jPE6GMGLwtra4z" />

        <activity android:name=".MainActivity" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>


</manifest>


    这里有一个比较恶心的，需要application的android:name属性。接着是各种权限，还有得加上meta-data的内容里的key，也就是上面申请的key了。因为有个android:name属性，所以需要新建类DemoApplication继承Application的。代码如下： 


package com.jared.embaidumapstudy;

/**
 * Created by jared on 16/2/20.
 */

import android.app.Application;
import com.baidu.mapapi.SDKInitializer;

public class DemoApplication extends Application {

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        SDKInitializer.initialize(this);
    }
}


    然后修改MainActivity代码如下： 


package com.jared.embaidumapstudy;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;

import com.baidu.mapapi.map.BaiduMap;
import com.baidu.mapapi.map.MapView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private MapView baiduMapView;
    private BaiduMap mBaiduMap;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        baiduMapView = (MapView)findViewById(R.id.bmapView);
        mBaiduMap = baiduMapView.getMap();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        baiduMapView.onDestroy();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        baiduMapView.onResume();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        baiduMapView.onPause();
    }
}


    运行下看下效果如下：

Android开发学习之路--百度地图之初体验_android_03

    折腾了好久终于把百度地图搞出来了。既然地图有了，那接下来就是要定位了。下面来实现下定位的功能和自定义缩放。修改代码如下：


package com.jared.embaidumapstudy;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.location.Location;
import android.location.LocationManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.baidu.mapapi.map.BaiduMap;
import com.baidu.mapapi.map.BitmapDescriptor;
import com.baidu.mapapi.map.BitmapDescriptorFactory;
import com.baidu.mapapi.map.MapStatusUpdate;
import com.baidu.mapapi.map.MapStatusUpdateFactory;
import com.baidu.mapapi.map.MapView;
import com.baidu.mapapi.map.MyLocationConfiguration;
import com.baidu.mapapi.map.MyLocationData;

import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private MapView baiduMapView;
    private BaiduMap mBaiduMap;

    private LocationManager locationManager;
    private String provider;
    BitmapDescriptor mCurrentMarker;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        baiduMapView = (MapView)findViewById(R.id.bmapView);
        mBaiduMap = baiduMapView.getMap();

        locationManager = (LocationManager)getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
        List<String> providerList = locationManager.getProviders(true);
        if(providerList.contains(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)) {
            provider = LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER;
        } else if(providerList.contains(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER)) {
            provider = LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER;
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "No location provider to use",
                    Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            return;
        }
        provider = LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER;
        Location location = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(provider);
        if(location != null) {
            navigateTo(location);
        }
    }

    private void navigateTo(Location location) {
        // 开启定位图层
        mBaiduMap.setMyLocationEnabled(true);
        //.accuracy(location.getRadius())
        MyLocationData locData = new MyLocationData.Builder()
                .accuracy(location.getAccuracy())
                // 此处设置开发者获取到的方向信息，顺时针0-360
                .direction(100).latitude(location.getLatitude())
                .longitude(location.getLongitude()).build();
        Log.d("Location", String.valueOf(location.getLatitude())+":"
                +String.valueOf(location.getLongitude()));
        // 设置定位数据
        mBaiduMap.setMyLocationData(locData);
        // 设置定位图层的配置（定位模式，是否允许方向信息，用户自定义定位图标）
        mCurrentMarker = BitmapDescriptorFactory
                .fromResource(R.drawable.icon_geo);
        MyLocationConfiguration config = new MyLocationConfiguration(
                MyLocationConfiguration.LocationMode.FOLLOWING, true, mCurrentMarker);
        mBaiduMap.setMyLocationConfigeration(config);

        perfomZoom(15);
    }

    private void perfomZoom(int zoom) {
        float zoomLevel = Float.parseFloat(String.valueOf(zoom));
        MapStatusUpdate u = MapStatusUpdateFactory.zoomTo(zoomLevel);
        mBaiduMap.animateMapStatus(u);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        baiduMapView.onDestroy();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        baiduMapView.onResume();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        baiduMapView.onPause();
    }
}


    这里通过Location来获取位置，因为室内gps信号很弱，就用网络的位置了，接着就是用了BaiduMap接口设置位置，控制缩放了。这里添加了一个小圈圈表示位置，运行结果如下：

Android开发学习之路--百度地图之初体验_xml_04

    如图已经很明显地显示了当前的位置。

    百度地图还有好多的内容可以学习，这里是初体验，就简单学习这些了。