apt = Advanced Packaging Tool

ar = archiver

as = assembler

awk = "Aho Weiberger and Kernighan" 三个作者的姓的第一个字母


bash = Bourne Again SHell

bc = Basic (Better) Calculator

bg = BackGround

bin = BINaries（binary)


cal = CALendar calendar

cat = CATenate 

cd = Change Directory

chgrp = CHange GRouP

chmod = CHange MODe

chown = CHange OWNer

chsh = CHange SHell

cmp = compare

cobra = Common Object Request Broker Architecture

comm = common

cp = CoPy

cpio = CoPy In and Out

cpp = C Pre Processor

cron = Chronos 希腊文时间

cups = Common Unix Printing System

cvs = Current Version System


daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor

dc = Desk Calculator

dd = Disk Dump

df = Disk Free

diff = DIFFerence

dmesg = diagnostic message

du = Disk Usage


ed = editor

egrep = Extended GREP

elf = Extensible Linking Format

elm = ELectronic Mail

emacs = Editor MACroS

eval = EVALuate

ex = EXtended

exec = EXECute/dev = devices


fd = file descriptors

fg = ForeGround

fgrep = Fixed GREP

Fish = the Friendly Interactive SHell

fmt = format

fsck = File System ChecK

fstab = FileSystem TABle

FIFO = First In, First Out


gawk = GNU AWK

gpg = GNU Privacy Guard

groff = GNU troff

GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader


hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer


IFS = Internal Field Seperators


joe = Joe's Own Editor


ksh = Korn SHell


lame = Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder

lex = LEXical analyser

lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of Irritating Superfluous Parentheses

ln = LiNk

lpr = Line PRint

ls = list

lsof = LiSt Open Files

LILO = LInux LOader


m4 = Macro processor Version 4

man = MANual pages

mawk = Mike Brennan's AWK

mc = Midnight Commander

MIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

mkfs = MaKe FileSystem

mknod = MaKe NODe

motd = Message of The Day

mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa

mtab = Mount TABle

mv = MoVe


nano = Nano's ANOther editor

nawk = New AWK

nl = Number of Lines

nm = names

nohup = No HangUP

nroff = New ROFF


od = Octal Dump


passwd = PASSWorD

pg = pager

pico = PIne's message COmposition editor

pine = "Program for Internet News & Email" = "Pine is not Elm"

ping = Packet InterNet Groper

pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability

popd = POP Directory

pr = pre

printf = PRINT Formatted

ps = Processes Status

pty = pseudo tty

pushd = PUSH Directory

pwd = Print Working Directory


rc = runcom = run command, rc还是plan9的shell

rev = REVerse

rm = ReMove

rn = Read News

roff = RunOFF

rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat Package Manager

rsh, rlogin, rvim中的r = Remote

rxvt = ouR XVT


sed = Stream EDitor

seq = SEQuence

shar = SHell ARchive

slrn = S-Lang rn

ssh = Secure SHell

ssl = Secure Sockets Layer

stty = Set TTY

su = Substitute User 或 Switch User（前者较常见）

sudo = superuser / substitue user do

svn = SubVersioN


tar = Tape ARchive

tcsh = TENEX C shell

tee = T (T形水管接口)

telnet = TEminaL over Network

termcap = terminal capability

terminfo = terminal information

tex = τέχνη的缩写，希腊文art

tr = traslate

troff = Typesetter new ROFF

tsort = Topological SORT

tty = TeleTypewriter

twm = Tom's Window Manager

tz = TimeZone


udev = Userspace DEV

ulimit = User's LIMIT

umask = User's MASK

uniq = UNIQue


vi = VIsual = Very Inconvenient vim = Vi IMproved


wall = write all

wc = Word Count

wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator xargs = eXtended ARGuments


xdm = X Display Manager

xlfd = X Logical Font Description

xmms = X Multimedia System

xrdb = X Resources DataBase

xwd = X Window Dump


yacc = yet another compiler compiler

YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool


附部分目录的全称：


/dev = devices

/etc = ETCetera etcetera

/lib = LIBrary

/proc = PROCesses

/sbin = Superuser BINaries

/tmp = TeMPorary

/usr = Unix Shared Resources

/var = VARiable