Struts2 Action的单元测试

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wx6392bc05d177b 2022-12-09 15:12:46

文章标签 struts jar xml 文章分类 运维

对Struts2进行单元测试，以struts 2.2.1.1为例，可以使用struts2发行包中的struts2-junit-plugin-2.2.1.1.jar，它里面提供了两个类StrutsTestCase、StrutsSpringTestCase，分别提供对纯struts应用和struts+spring整合时的单元测试支持。下面分别说明。

1.StrutsTestCase

首先准备一个纯struts2工程，建立工程过程略，但有如下的类：

Account.java,是bean

package
public class
private
private
public
}
public
this.userName = userName;
this.password = password;
}
public
return
}
public void
this.userName = userName;
}
public
return
}
public void
this.password = password;
}
}

AccountAction.java

package
import
import
import
public class AccountAction extends
private
public String execute() throws
return
}
public void
if (accountBean.getUserName().length()==0){
"accountBean.userName","User name is required.");
}
if (accountBean.getUserName().length()<5){
"accountBean.userName","User name must be at least 5 characters long.");
}
if (accountBean.getUserName().length()>10){
"accountBean.userName","User name cannot be at more thant 10 characters long.");
}
}
public
return
}
public void
this.accountBean = accountBean;
}
}

测试类：

TestAccountAction.java

package
import
import
import
import
import static
public class TestAccountAction extends
private
private
private void
"/createaccount"); //action url，可以写扩展名".action"也可以干脆不写
action = (AccountAction) proxy.getAction();
}
public void testUserNameErrorMessage() throws
"accountBean.userName", "Bruc");
"accountBean.password", "test");
init();
proxy.execute();
"Problem There were no errors present in fieldErrors but there should have been one error present",
1);
"Problem field account.userName not present in fieldErrors but it should have been",
"accountBean.userName"));
}
public void testUserNameCorrect() throws
"accountBean.userName", "Bruce");
"accountBean.password", "test");
init();
String result=proxy.execute();
"Problem There were errors present in fieldErrors but there should not have been any errors present",
0);
"Result returned form executing the action was not success but it should have been.",
"success", result);
}
}

测试逻辑比较简单，action中的validate方法会保证用户名长度在5－－9之间。

定义struts.xml，放在类路径的根目录下，而非web-inf/classes下，否则会找不到，不会加载你定义的内容。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
package name="testit" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
"createaccount" class="action.AccountAction">
"success">/index.jsp</result>
"input">/createaccount.jsp</result>
</action>
package>
</struts>

至于action/result的定义中用到的jsp页面，不必真实存在，保持不为空就行，否则，action测试的时候，会说result未定义之类的错误，因为此测试会模拟action真实状态下的运行。运行，一切OK。

正因为会模拟真实状态下的运行，所以拦截器也会正常被触发，下面再定义一个拦截器测试一下：

MyInterceptor.java

package
import
import
public class MyInterceptor extends
public String intercept(ActionInvocation actionInvocation) throws
"before processing");
String rst= actionInvocation.invoke();
"bye bye "+actionInvocation.getProxy().getMethod());
return
}
}

修改一下struts.xml,加入拦截器的定义：

   <package name="testit" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
        <interceptors>
            <interceptor name="testInterceptor" class="interceptor.MyInterceptor"/>
        </interceptors>
        <action name="createaccount" class="action.AccountAction">
            <result name="success">/index.jsp</result>
            <result name="input">/createaccount.jsp</result>
            <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"/>
            <interceptor-ref name="testInterceptor"/>
        </action>
    </package>

运行，控制台会输出：

before processing

bye bye execute

使用的jar包如下图：

尤其是以plugin.jar结尾的文件，更不要加struts2-spring-plugin-2.2.1.1.jar，加了会加载相关的东西，但这里却提供不了，导致测试无法运行。实际spring-beans-2.5.6.jar和spring-context-2.5.6.jar也不是必须的，但加了也无所谓，在StrutsSpringTestCase是需要的。另外，web.xml不需要配置，根本不会去这里找配置信息。

2.StrutsSpringTestCase

这个和前面的过程类似，需要的类分别如下。

MathAction.java