LeetCode: 85. Maximal Rectangle

题目描述

Given a 2D binary matrix filled with 0’s and 1’s, find the largest rectangle containing only 1’s and return its area.
For example, given the following matrix:

1 0 1 0 0
1 0 ​​​1 1 1​​​
1 1 ​​​1 1 1​​​
1 0 0 1 0

Return ​​6​​​.
题目大意: 在给定 01 矩阵中,找出最大的只含有 1 的矩阵的面积。

解题思路

分别以每一行作为待求矩阵的底边,则该题可以转化为多个 LeetCode: ​​84. Largest Rectangle in Histogram​​​ 子问题。如,例子给的矩阵可以转化为高度为 ​​[1, 0, 1, 0, 0]​​​, ​​[2, 0, 2, 1, 1]​​​, ​​[3, 1, 3, 2, 2]​​​, ​​[4, 0, 0, 3, 0]​​ 四个子问题。如图:

  • 第一行:
  • LeetCode: 85. Maximal Rectangle_其它

  • 第二行:
  • LeetCode: 85. Maximal Rectangle_其它_02

  • 第三行:
  • LeetCode: 85. Maximal Rectangle_其它_03

  • 第四行:

子问题的解法如上一篇题解 ​​LeetCode: 84. Largest Rectangle in Histogram​​

AC 代码

class Solution {
private:
// 84. Largest Rectangle in Histogram
int largestRectangleinHistogramArea(vector<int>& heights)
{
// [startPos[i], endPos[i]]: 表示小于等于 heights[i] 的元素的包含 i 的最大区间
vector<int> startPos(heights.size(), 0), endPos(heights.size(), heights.size());

for(size_t i = 1; i < heights.size(); ++i)
{
int left = i-1;
startPos[i] = i;
while(left >= 0 && heights[i] <= heights[left])
{
startPos[i] = startPos[left];
left = startPos[left] - 1;
}
}

for(int i = heights.size()-1; i >= 0; --i)
{
int right = i + 1;
endPos[i] = i;
while(right < heights.size() && heights[i] <= heights[right])
{
endPos[i] = endPos[right];
right = endPos[right] + 1;
}
}

int ans = 0;
for(size_t i = 0; i < heights.size(); ++i)
{
ans = max(ans, heights[i]*(endPos[i] - startPos[i] + 1));
}

return ans;
}
public:
int maximalRectangle(vector<vector<char>>& matrix) {
if(matrix.empty()) return 0;

int ans = 0;
vector<int> heights(matrix[0].size(), 0);

for(int i = 0; i < matrix.size(); ++i)
{
for(int j = 0; j < matrix[i].size(); ++j)
{
if(matrix[i][j] == '1') ++heights[j];
else heights[j] = 0;
}

ans = max(ans, largestRectangleinHistogramArea(heights));
}

return ans;
}
};