python中tkinter用法（一）

原创

zdb呀 2022-12-06 06:03:37 博主文章分类：python ©著作权

文章标签 python 小甲鱼 ide 控件 文章分类 后端开发

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文章目录

内容一

.Label()
.Button()

内容二

frame控件

内容三
内容四

计算器

参考博客

python中tkinter用法（一）_ide

内容一

.Label()

import tkinter as tk

app = tk.Tk()        # 实例化Tk
app.title("Demo")    # 设置标题

theLabel = tk.Label(app, text="我的第二个窗口程序！") # 显示文本
theLabel.pack()      # 自动调节尺寸

app.mainloop()       # 窗口的主事件循环，最后一句

python中tkinter用法（一）_ide_02

.Button()

import tkinter as tk


class APP:
    """封装成类"""
    def __init__(self, master):
        frame = tk.Frame(master)
        # 设置在左边，x轴间距10，Y轴一样
        frame.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=10, pady=10)

        # 设置按钮，“打招呼”，蓝色按钮字体，黑色背景
        self.hi_there = tk.Button(frame, text="打招呼", fg="blue",
                                  command=self.say_hi, bg="black")
        self.hi_there.pack()  # 自动调节尺寸

    def say_hi(self):
        print("搭嘎好")


root = tk.Tk()   # Tk实例
app = APP(root)  # 类实例

root.mainloop()  # 结尾语句

python中tkinter用法（一）_ide_03

按下后

python中tkinter用法（一）_控件_04

内容二

from tkinter import *  # 导入Tk里面的所有

root = Tk()   # 创建实例

# 左边的字
textLabel = Label(root,
                  text="胡珍珍\n打架吗？",
                  justify=LEFT,
                  padx=10)
textLabel.pack(side=LEFT)

# 右边的图片
photo = PhotoImage(file="18.gif")
imgLabel = Label(root, image=photo)
imgLabel.pack(side=RIGHT)

mainloop()

python中tkinter用法（一）_小甲鱼_05

from tkinter import *  # 导入Tk里面的所有

root = Tk()

photo = PhotoImage(file="18.gif")
theLabel = Label(root, text="猪",
                 justify=LEFT,
                 image=photo,
                 compound=CENTER,
                 font="楷体, 20",
                 fg="red")
theLabel.pack()

mainloop()

python中tkinter用法（一）_控件_06

frame控件

frame控件是将窗口分成好几个小模块，然后每个小模块中添加控件。
也就是将窗口合理的布局

from tkinter import *  # 导入Tk里面的所有


def callback():
    var.set("谁怕谁")


root = Tk()

frame1 = Frame(root)
frame2 = Frame(root)

var = StringVar()  # 创建实例

# 左边的字，frame1
var.set("小黑黑\n打架吗？")
textLabel = Label(frame1,
                  textvariable=var,
                  justify=LEFT)
textLabel.pack(side=LEFT)

# 右边的图
photo = PhotoImage(file="18.gif")
imgLabel = Label(frame1, image=photo)
imgLabel.pack(side=RIGHT)

# 下边的按钮
theButton = Button(frame2, text="打", command=callback)  # 按下显示谁怕谁
theButton.pack()    # 自动调整尺寸

frame1.pack(padx=10, pady=10)
frame2.pack(padx=10, pady=10)

mainloop()

python中tkinter用法（一）_控件_07

python中tkinter用法（一）_小甲鱼_08

内容三

from tkinter import *

root = Tk()    # 创建root窗口

v = IntVar()

c = Checkbutton(root, text="测试一下", variable=v)
c.pack()

l = Label(root, textvariable=v)  # 选中为1
l.pack()

mainloop()

python中tkinter用法（一）_控件_09

python中tkinter用法（一）_小甲鱼_10

from tkinter import *

root = Tk()    # 创建root窗口

GIRLS = ["huzhu", "大猪", "zhu", "猪"]

v = []

for girl in GIRLS:
    v.append(IntVar())
    b = Checkbutton(root, text=girl, variable=v[-1])
    b.pack(anchor=W)  # W左对齐按钮

mainloop()

python中tkinter用法（一）_控件_11

实现单选

from tkinter import *

root = Tk()    # 创建root窗口

v = IntVar()

Radiobutton(root,
            text="One",
            variable=v,
            value=1).pack(anchor=W)
Radiobutton(root,
            text="Two",
            variable=v,
            value=2).pack(anchor=W)
Radiobutton(root,
            text="Three",
            variable=v,
            value=3).pack(anchor=W)

mainloop()

python中tkinter用法（一）_控件_12

from tkinter import *

root = Tk()    # 创建root窗口

LANGS = [
    ("python", 1),
    ("Perl", 2),
    ("Ruby", 3),
    ("Lua", 4)]

v = IntVar()
v.set(1)

for lang, num in LANGS:
    b = Radiobutton(root,
                    text=lang,
                    variable=v,
                    value=num,
                    indicatoron=False)
    b.pack(fill=X)

mainloop()

python中tkinter用法（一）_控件_13

from tkinter import *

root = Tk()    # 创建root窗口

group = LabelFrame(root, text="最好的语言是？",
                   padx=5, pady=5)
group.pack(padx=10, pady=10)

LANGS = [
    ("python", 1),
    ("Perl", 2),
    ("Ruby", 3),
    ("Lua", 4)]

v = IntVar()


for lang, num in LANGS:
    b = Radiobutton(group,
                    text=lang,
                    variable=v,
                    value=num)
    b.pack(anchor=W)

mainloop()

python中tkinter用法（一）_ide_14

内容四

from tkinter import *

root = Tk()

"""输入框"""
e = Entry(root)
e.pack(padx=20, pady=20)

e.delete(0, END)          # 清空输入框内容
e.insert(0, "默认文本...")  # 插入

mainloop()

python中tkinter用法（一）_python_15

from tkinter import *

root = Tk()

Label(root, text="作品:").grid(row=0, column=0)  # 第0行第0列
Label(root, text="作者:").grid(row=1, column=0)  # 第1行第0列

e1 = Entry(root)
e2 = Entry(root)
e1.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=10, pady=5)
e2.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=10, pady=5)


def show():
    print("作品：《%s》" % e1.get())
    print("作者：《%s》" % e2.get())


Button(root, text="获取信息", width=10, command=show)\
    .grid(row=3, column=0, sticky=W, padx=10, pady=5)  # W左边
Button(root, text="退出", width=10, command=root.quit)\
    .grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=E, padx=10, pady=5)  # E右边

mainloop()

python中tkinter用法（一）_python_16

python中tkinter用法（一）_小甲鱼_17

from tkinter import *

root = Tk()

Label(root, text="账号:").grid(row=0, column=0)  # 第0行第0列
Label(root, text="密码:").grid(row=1, column=0)  # 第1行第0列

v1 = StringVar()
v2 = StringVar()

e1 = Entry(root, textvariable=v1)
e2 = Entry(root, textvariable=v2, show="*")
e1.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=10, pady=5)
e2.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=10, pady=5)


def show():
    print("账号：%s" % e1.get())
    print("密码：%s" % e2.get())


Button(root, text="芝麻开门", width=10, command=show)\
    .grid(row=3, column=0, sticky=W, padx=10, pady=5)  # W左边
Button(root, text="退出", width=10, command=root.quit)\
    .grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=E, padx=10, pady=5)  # E右边

mainloop()

python中tkinter用法（一）_ide_18

python中tkinter用法（一）_小甲鱼_19

from tkinter import *

master = Tk()


def test():
    if e1.get() == "小甲鱼":   # 输入的内容为小甲鱼的话
        print("正确！")
        return True
    else:
        print("错误！")
        e1.delete(0, END)  # 清空输入框
        return False


v = StringVar()

e1 = Entry(master, textvariable=v,
           validate="focusout", validatecommand=test)  # 焦点移出的时候
e2 = Entry(master)
e1.pack(padx=10, pady=10)
e2.pack(padx=10, pady=10)

mainloop()

python中tkinter用法（一）_小甲鱼_20

python中tkinter用法（一）_小甲鱼_21

from tkinter import *

master = Tk()

v = StringVar()


def test1():
    if e1.get() == "小甲鱼":   # 输入的内容为小甲鱼的话
        print("正确！")
        return True
    else:
        print("错误！")
        e1.delete(0, END)  # 清空输入框
        return False


def test2():
    print("我被调用了......")
    return True


e1 = Entry(master, textvariable=v, validate="focusout",
           validatecommand=test1, invalidcommand=test2)
e2 = Entry(master)
e1.pack(padx=10, pady=10)
e2.pack(padx=10, pady=10)

mainloop()

python中tkinter用法（一）_小甲鱼_22

python中tkinter用法（一）_控件_23

python中tkinter用法（一）_python_24

from tkinter import *

master = Tk()

v = StringVar()


def test(content, reason, name):
    if e1.get() == "小甲鱼":   # 输入的内容为小甲鱼的话
        print("正确！")
        print(content, reason, name)
        return True
    else:
        print("错误！")
        print(content, reason, name)
        return False


testCMD = master.register(test)
e1 = Entry(master, textvariable=v, validate="focusout",
           validatecommand=(testCMD, '%P', '%v', '%W'))
e2 = Entry(master)
e1.pack(padx=10, pady=10)
e2.pack(padx=10, pady=10)

mainloop()

python中tkinter用法（一）_python_25

python中tkinter用法（一）_小甲鱼_26

计算器

from tkinter import *

master = Tk()

frame = Frame(master)
frame.pack(padx=10, pady=10)

v1 = StringVar()
v2 = StringVar()
v3 = StringVar()


def test(content):
    return content.isdigit()  # 返回数字


testCMD = master.register(test)
e1 = Entry(frame, width=10, textvariable=v1, validate="key",
           validatecommand=(testCMD, '%P')).grid(row=0, column=0)

Label(frame, text="+").grid(row=0, column=1)

e2 = Entry(frame, width=10, textvariable=v2, validate="key",
           validatecommand=(testCMD, '%P')).grid(row=0, column=2)

Label(frame, text="=").grid(row=0, column=3)

e3 = Entry(frame, width=10, textvariable=v3, state="readonly")\
    .grid(row=0, column=4)


def calc():
    result = int(v1.get()) + int(v2.get())
    v3.set(str(result))


Button(frame, text="计算结果", command=calc).grid(row=1, column=2, pady=5)

mainloop()