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前言

在JDBC操作中,获取连接和释放资源是经常使用到的,可以将其封装成到一个工具类JDBCUtils中

JDBCUtils中有两个方法得到连接和关闭连接,代码如下

//这是一个工具类,完成mysql的连接和关闭资源
public class JDBCUtils {
//定义相关的属性(4个),因为只需要一份,因此我们做成static
private static String user;//用户名
private static String password;//密码
private static String url; //url
private static String driver;//驱动名


//初始化相关属性值,放到静态代码块中完成
static {
try {
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.load(new FileInputStream("src\\mysql.properties"));
//读取相关的属性值
user = properties.getProperty("user");
password = properties.getProperty("password");
url = properties.getProperty("url");
driver = properties.getProperty("driver");
} catch (IOException e) {
//在实际开发中,我们可以这样处理
//1.将编译异常转成,运行异常
//2.这时调用者,可以选择捕获该异常,也可以选择默认处理该异常,比较方便
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}

//连接方法,返回Connection
public static Connection getConnection() {
try {
Class.forName(driver);
return DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
} catch (Exception e) {
//1.将编译异常转成,运行异常
//2.这时调用者,可以选择捕获该异常,也可以选择默认处理该异常,比较方便
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}

//关闭相关资源
/*
1.resultSet 结果集
2.prepareStatement 或者 Statement
3.connection
4.如果需要关闭资源,就传入对象,否则传入null
*/
public static void close(ResultSet set, Statement statement, Connection connection) {
try {
//判断是否为null
if (set != null) {
set.close();
}
if (statement != null) {
statement.close();
}
if (connection != null) {
connection.close();
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
//将编译异常,转换为运行异常抛出
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}

JDBCUtils工具类的使用如下

public class JDBCUtils_Use {

//使用JDBCUtils 进行DML操作(insert update delete)
@Test
public void testDML() {
//1.得到连接
Connection connection = null;

//2.组织一个sql
//更新记录
// String sql = "UPDATE actor SET NAME=? WHERE id=?";

//删除记录
String sql = "DELETE FROM actor WHERE id=?";

//添加记录
// String sql = "INSERT INTO actor VALUES(?,?,?,?,?)";

PreparedStatement preparedStatement = null;
//创建PrepareStatement对象
try {
connection = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
//添加记录
// preparedStatement.setInt(1, 3);
// preparedStatement.setString(2, "周润发");
// preparedStatement.setString(3, "男");
// preparedStatement.setString(4, "1999-01-10");
// preparedStatement.setString(5, "1234567890");

//修改记录
// preparedStatement.setString(1, "周星驰");
// preparedStatement.setInt(2, 1);

//删除记录
preparedStatement.setInt(1, 1);
int rows = preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
System.out.println(rows > 0 ? "执行成功" : "执行失败");
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
//关闭资源
JDBCUtils.close(null, preparedStatement, connection);
}
}

@Test
public void testSelect() {
Connection connection = null;
PreparedStatement preparedStatement = null;
ResultSet resultSet = null;
try {
//1.得到连接
connection = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
String sql = "SELECT id,name,borndate FROM ACTOR WHERE id = ?";
preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
preparedStatement.setInt(1, 2);
//执行得到结果集
resultSet = preparedStatement.executeQuery();
while (resultSet.next()) {
String name = resultSet.getString("name");
int id = resultSet.getInt("id");
Date borndate = resultSet.getDate("borndate");
System.out.println(id + "\t" + name + "\t" + borndate);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
JDBCUtils.close(resultSet, preparedStatement, connection);
}
}
}

输出结果分别为

执行成功
2 王宝强 1980-01-03