Data Guard Broker系列之二：Data Guard Broker配置实战

配置之前DG环境状态

测试的DG环境安装在同一个机器上，当前两个数据库处于同步的状态，两个实例的名字分别是TORCLA和TORCLB，数据库的名字TORCL，数据库DB_DOMAIN设置为mycompany，其他的设置如下。

listener.ora设置

L_dg =
   ( address =
         ( protocol = tcp ) ( host = orainst . desktop . mycompany . com ) ( port = 8000 ) ( queuesize = 32 )
   )
log_file_L_torcla_001 =/ tmp / L_torclb_001 . log
SID_LIST_L_dg =
  ( SID_LIST =
     ( SID_DESC =
       ( ORACLE_HOME =/ data1 / dg / 10.2.0.2 / A10db )
       ( SID_NAME = torcl )
     )
   )

本地tnsname.ora的设置

torcl . mycompany =
  ( DESCRIPTION =
         ( ENABLE = BROKEN )
         ( ADDRESS_LIST =
                 ( ADDRESS = ( PROTOCOL = TCP )( HOST = orainst . desktop . mycompany . com )( PORT = 8000 ))
         )
         ( CONNECT_DATA =
                 ( SID = torcl )
         )
  )
 
torcla . mycompany =
  ( DESCRIPTION =
         ( SDU = 32767 )
         ( ADDRESS_LIST =
                 ( ADDRESS = ( PROTOCOL = TCP )( HOST = orainst . desktop . mycompany . com )( PORT = 8000 ))
                 ( ADDRESS = ( PROTOCOL = TCP )( HOST = orainst . desktop . mycompany . com )( PORT = 8000 ))
         )
         ( CONNECT_DATA =
                 ( SERVICE_NAME = torcla . mycompany )
                 ( SERVER = DEDICATED )
         )
  )
 
torclb . mycompany =
  ( DESCRIPTION =
         ( SDU = 32767 )
         ( ADDRESS_LIST =
                 ( ADDRESS = ( PROTOCOL = TCP )( HOST = orainst . desktop . mycompany . com )( PORT = 8000 ))
                 ( ADDRESS = ( PROTOCOL = TCP )( HOST = orainst . desktop . mycompany . com )( PORT = 8000 ))
         )
         ( CONNECT_DATA =
                 ( SERVICE_NAME = torclb . mycompany )
                 ( SERVER = DEDICATED )
         )
  )

DG的相关设置

 

-- 保护模式
SYS @ torclb > SELECT DATABASE_ROLE ,  PROTECTION_MODE , OPEN_MODE , SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V $ DATABASE ;
DATABASE_ROLE         PROTECTION_MODE             OPEN_MODE         SWITCHOVER_STATUS
------------------ -- ------------------------- --------------- --------------------
primary               MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE         READ WRITE       SESSIONS ACTIVE
 
-- 日志归档相关设置
SYS @ torclb > show parameter log_archive_dest_1
NAME                                   TYPE                               VALUE
---------------------------------- -- --------------------------------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_1                     string                             location = " /data1/dg/databases/
                                                                       torclb/redolog " , valid_for = ( ONL
                                                                       INE_LOGFILE , ALL_ROLES )
 
SYS @ torclb > show parameter log_archive_dest_2
NAME                                   TYPE                               VALUE
---------------------------------- -- --------------------------------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_1                     string                             SERVICE = torcla . mycompany valid_fo
                                                                       tr = ( online_logfile , primary_ro
                                                                       tle ) REOPEN = 60 OPTIONAL LGWR S
                                                                       tYNC AFFIRM db_unique_name = torcla

broker设置准备工作

下面按照上一篇文章所列出的准备工作清单一一做一遍。

设置primary和standby使用spfile

不管是primary数据库还是standby数据库都要完成这一步，设置完毕后重启下数据库使设置生效。

 

--在当前的 primary 上
SYS @ torclb > create spfile = ' /data1/dg/10.2.0.2/A10db/dbs/spfiletorclb.ora ' from pfile ;
File created .
--在当前的 standby 上
SYS @ torcla > create spfile = ' /data1/dg/10.2.0.2/A10db/dbs/spfiletorclb.ora ' from pfile ;
File created .

然后修改init文件设定spfile参数：

-- primary的init文件
$ cat inittorclb . ora
spfile = ' spfiletorclb.ora '
 
-- standby的init文件
$ cat inittorcla . ora
spfile = ' spfiletorcla.ora '

配置DG_BROKER_CONFIG_FILEn

这里我们的DG_BROKER_CONFIG_FILEn不做特别的设置，使用默认的$ORACLE_HOME/dbs目录以及两个默认的文件名dr1.dat和dr2.dat。

当然也可以用sqlplus通过下面语句设定不同的目录，要注意在两个数据库上面都要设置：

alter system set dg_broker_config_file1 = ' /data1/dg/10.2.0.2/A10db/dbs/dr1torcla.dat ' ;
alter system set dg_broker_config_file2 = ' /data1/dg/10.2.0.2/A10db/dbs/dr2torcla.dat '

设置local_listener

这一步设置是为了保证一些service name能正确的被注册上。

SYS @ torcla > alter system set local_listener = ' (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=orainst.desktop.mycompany.com)(PORT=8000))) ' scope = both ;
System altered .

添加静态的_unique_name_DGMGRL.db_domain注册

在当前的测试环境中primary和standby是在同一机器上面，因此这个service name的设置也是在同一个listener.ora文件上，设置完了以后的listener.ora如下

L_dg =
   ( address =
         ( protocol = tcp ) ( host = orainst . desktop . mycompany . com ) ( port = 8000 ) ( queuesize = 32 )
   )
log_file_L_torcla_001 =/ tmp / L_torclb_001 . log
SID_LIST_L_dg =
  ( SID_LIST =
     ( SID_DESC =
       ( ORACLE_HOME =/ data1 / dg / 10.2.0.2 / A10db )
       ( SID_NAME = torcl )
     )
     ( SID_DESC =
       ( ORACLE_HOME =/ data1 / dg / 10.2.0.2 / A10db )
       ( SID_NAME = torcla )
       ( GLOBAL_DBNAME = torcla_DGMGRL . mycompany )
     )
     ( SID_DESC =
       ( ORACLE_HOME =/ data1 / dg / 10.2.0.2 / A10db )
       ( SID_NAME = torclb )
       ( GLOBAL_DBNAME = torclb_DGMGRL . mycompany )
     )
  )

设置tnsmaes.ora

torcla_DGMGRL.mycompany =
(DESCRIPTION=
   (ADDRESS= (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = orainst.desktop.mycompany.com)(PORT = 8000))
   (CONNECT_DATA=
     (SERVICE_NAME= torcla_DGMGRL.mycompany)))

torclb_DGMGRL.mycompany =
(DESCRIPTION=
   (ADDRESS= (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = orainst.desktop.mycompany.com)(PORT = 8000))
   (CONNECT_DATA=
     (SERVICE_NAME=torclb_DGMGRL.mycompany)))

设置完毕后记得重启下listener，然后查看一下设置的效果：

oracle @ orainst [ torcla ]:~
$ lsnrctl service L_dg | grep ' Service '
Service " torcl "  has 1 instance ( s ) .
Service " torcla.mycompany " has 1 instance ( s ) .
Service " torcla_DGMGRL.mycompany " has 1 instance ( s ) .
Service " torcla_XPT.mycompany " has 1 instance ( s ) .
Service " torclb.mycompany " has 1 instance ( s ) .
Service " torclb_DGMGRL.mycompany " has 1 instance ( s ) .
Service " torclb_XPT.mycompany " has 1 instance ( s ) .

从上面的listener上注册的服务我们可以看到动态注册的_XPT已经有了，说明local_listener设置正确，_DGMGRL也配置正确。

 

设置dg_broker_start为TRUE

这一步是启动Data Guard broker monitor（DMON）进程，在两个数据库上面都运行下下面的命令

alter system set dg_broker_start = true scope = both ;

然后查看下结果，先看进程是否起来了

oracle @ orainst [ torcla ]:~
$ ps - ef | grep dmon | grep - v grep
oracle     19389       1   0 09 : 51 ?        00 : 00 : 00 ora_dmon_torcla
oracle     19420       1   0 09 : 51 ?        00 : 00 : 00 ora_dmon_torclb

可以看到两个dmon进程都起来了，接下来看看service name _DGB有没有被正确的注册上

oracle @ orainst [ torcla ]:~
$ lsnrctl service L_dg | grep ' Service '
Service " torcl " has 1 instance ( s ) .
Service " torcla.mycompany " has 1 instance ( s ) .
Service " torcla_DGB.mycompany " has 1 instance ( s ) .
Service " torcla_DGMGRL.mycompany " has 1 instance ( s ) .
Service " torcla_XPT.mycompany " has 1 instance ( s ) .
Service " torclb.mycompany " has 1 instance ( s ) .
Service " torclb_DGB.mycompany " has 1 instance ( s ) .
Service " torclb_DGMGRL.mycompany " has 1 instance ( s ) .
Service " torclb_XPT.mycompany " has 1 instance ( s ) .

可以看到service name _DGB也正常的注册上了，到现在我们前期的准备工就已经全部完成了。

配置broker

现在我们可以来配置broker了，为了保证配置过程不会因为权限问题导致问题，我们始终都是用sys连接数据库的。

首先使用DGMGRL连接到primary机器上，运行下面的命令：

oracle @ orainst [ torcla ]:~
$ dgmgrl sys / 12345 @ torclb . mycompany
DGMGRL for Linux : Version 10.2.0.2.0 - Production
 
Copyright ( c ) 2000 , 2005 , Oracle . All rights reserved .
 
Welcome to DGMGRL ,  type " help " for information .
Connected .
DGMGRL > show configuration
Error : ORA - 16532 : Data Guard broker configuration does not exist
Configuration details can not be determined by DGMGRL

当前还没有任何的配置信息，现在创建一个配置

 

DGMGRL > create configuration ' FSF ' as
> primary database is ' torclb '
> connect identifier is torclb . mycompany ;
Configuration " FSF " created with primary database " torclb "

这样我们就创建了一个名为FSF的broker配置，接下来把standby机器也就入到配置中

 

DGMGRL > add database ' torcla ' as
> connect identifier is torcla . mycompany
> maintained as physical ;
Database " torcla " added

就这两步，broker的最基本配置就完成了，这下可以用show configuration来看成果了。

DGMGRL > show configuration
Configuration
  Name :                FSF
  Enabled :              NO
  Protection Mode :      MaxPerformance
  Fast - Start Failover : DISABLED
  Databases :
     torclb - primary database
     torcla - Physical standby database
 
Current status for " FSF " :
DISABLED

可以看到torclb是primary数据库，而torcla是physical standby数据库，不过这是的broker配置的状态是禁用的，说明我们的两个数据库是没有被broker管理的，只是加入到了broker配置中了而已，接下来启用一下。

DGMGRL > enable configuration
Enabled .
DGMGRL > show configuration
Configuration
  Name :                FSF
  Enabled :              YES
  Protection Mode :      MaxPerformance
  Fast - Start Failover : DISABLED
  Databases :
     torclb - primary database
     torcla - Physical standby database
 
Current status for " FSF " :
SUCCESS

这样就成了，一个成功的broker配置完成，挺简单的。

最后我们做一个switchover来检验下成果吧，具体的switchover的过程在后面再介绍。

DGMGRL > switchover to torcla
Performing switchover NOW , please wait ...
Operation requires shutdown of instance " torclb " on database " torclb "
Shutting down instance " torclb " ...
ORA - 01109 : database not open
 
Database dismounted .
ORACLE instance shut down .
Operation requires shutdown of instance " torcla " on database " torcla "
Shutting down instance " torcla " ...
ORA - 01109 : database not open
 
Database dismounted .
ORACLE instance shut down .
Operation requires startup of instance " torclb " on database " torclb "
Starting instance " torclb " ...
ORACLE instance started .
Database mounted .
Operation requires startup of instance " torcla " on database " torcla "
Starting instance " torcla " ...
ORACLE instance started .
Database mounted .
Switchover succeeded , new primary is " torcla "
DGMGRL > show configuration
 
Configuration
  Name :                FSF
  Enabled :              YES
  Protection Mode :      MaxPerformance
  Fast - Start Failover : DISABLED
  Databases :
     torclb - Physical standby database
     torcla - Primary database
 
Current status for " FSF " :
SUCCESS
我们已经成功的将primary数据库却换成了torcla，用一个简单的命令，这个就是broker的优势所在，简单！