华为第一套网络系统建设与运维题目

实验拓扑:

在这里插入图片描述

Valn信息:

设备名称 端口 链路类型 VLAN参数
HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg01-S5731 G0/0/2 trunk PVID:1Allow Pass:10 20
G0/0/3 trunk PVID:1Allow Pass:10 20
G0/0/24 access PVID:100
Eth1 trunk PVID:1Allow Pass:10 20
HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg02-S5731 G0/0/2 trunk PVID:1Allow Pass:10 20
G0/0/3 trunk PVID:1Allow Pass:10 20
G0/0/24 access PVID:101
Eth1 trunk PVID:1Allow Pass:10 20
HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Acc01-S5731 G0/0/3 trunk PVID:1Allow Pass:10 20
G0/0/4 trunk PVID:1Allow Pass:10 20
G0/0/24 access PVID:20
HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Acc02-S5731 G0/0/1 trunk PVID:1Allow Pass:10 20
G0/0/2 trunk PVID:1Allow Pass:10 20
G0/0/23 access PVID:10
G0/0/24 access PVID:10

IP地址规划

设备名称 接口 IP地址
HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Edg01-AR6140 G0/0/0 10.1.12.1/24
G0/0/1 10.1.13.1/24
G0/0/2 10.1.15.1/24
S4/0/0 10.1.14.1/24
Loopback0 10.1.1.1/32
HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Core01-AR6140 G0/0/0 10.1.26.2/24
G0/0/1 10.1.23.2/24
G0/0/2 10.1.12.2/24
Loopback0 10.1.2.2/32
HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Core02-AR6140 G0/0/0 10.1.37.3/24
G0/0/1 10.1.23.3/24
G0/0/2 10.1.13.3/24
Loopback0 10.1.3.3/32
HZ-HZEDU-Edg01-AR6140 S4/0/0 10.1.14.4/24
G0/0/1 192.168.4.254/24
Loopback0 10.1.4.4/32
SH-SHEDU-Edg01-AR6140 G0/0/0 10.1.15.5/24
G0/0/1 192.168.5.254/24
Loopback0 10.1.5.5/32
HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg01-S5731 Vlanif10 192.168.10.100/24
Vlanif20 192.168.20.101/24
Vlanif100 10.1.26.6/24
Loopback0 10.1.6.6/32
HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg02-S5731 Vlanif10 192.168.10.101/24
Vlanif20 192.168.20.100/24
Vlanif101 10.1.37.7/24
Loopback0 10.1.7.7/32

任务1:设备命名

为了方便后期维护和故障定位及网络的规范性,需要对网络设备进行规范化命名。 请根据Figure 3-1实验考试拓扑对设备进行命名。 命名规则为:城市-设备的设置地点-设备的功能属性和序号-设备型号。 例如:处于杭州校园的核心层路由器,命名为:HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Core01-AR6140。 请注意大小写,务必与Figure3-1实验考试拓扑保持一致。

<Huawei>sy
[Huawei]sy HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg01-S5731

<Huawei>sy
[Huawei]sy HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg02-S5731

<Huawei>sy
[Huawei]sy HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Acc01-S5731

<Huawei>sy
[Huawei]sy HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Acc02-S5731

<Huawei>sy
[Huawei]sy HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Core01-AR6140

<Huawei>sy
[Huawei]sy HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Core02-AR6140

<Huawei>sy
[Huawei]sy HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Edg01-AR6140

<Huawei>sy
[Huawei]sy SH-SHEDU-Edg01-AR6140

<Huawei>sy
[Huawei]sy HZ-HZEDU-Edg01-AR6140

任务2:链路聚合

园区本地服务器区,为校园用户提供内网服务。为了保证链路的稳定性,同时在不升 级硬件设备的前提下最大限度的提升带宽。在Agg01与Agg02之间配置链路聚合。请 通过Lacp模式实现二层链路聚合,成员接口为GE0/0/21、GE0/0/22、G0/0/23,链路聚合接口ID为1,并只允许最大活动链路为1

[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg01-S5731]int eth 1
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg01-S5731-Eth-Trunk1]mode lacp-static
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg01-S5731-Eth-Trunk1]max active-linknumber 1
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg01-S5731-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport g0/0/21
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg01-S5731-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport g0/0/22
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg01-S5731-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport g0/0/23
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg02-S5731]int eth 1
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg02-S5731-Eth-Trunk1]mode lacp-static
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg02-S5731-Eth-Trunk1]max active-linknumber 1
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg02-S5731-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport g0/0/21
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg02-S5731-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport g0/0/22
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg02-S5731-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport g0/0/23

任务3:VLAN

全网设备按照要求配置所需的VLAN。 请根据Figure 3-1实验考试拓扑和Table 3-1 VLAN信息,在对应交换机上配置所需的 VLAN。 注意:为了保证网络的连通性,交换机只允许题目中规定的VLAN通过。

[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg01-S5731]
vlan batch 10 20 100
int g0/0/2
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
 undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 port link-type trunk
 undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/24
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 100
interface Eth-Trunk1
 port link-type trunk
 undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg02-S5731]
vlan batch 10 20 101
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 port link-type trunk
 undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 port link-type trunk
 undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/24
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 101
interface Eth-Trunk1
 port link-type trunk
 undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Acc01-S5731]
Vlan batch 10 20
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 port link-type trunk
 undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4
 port link-type trunk
 undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/24
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 20
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Acc02-S5731]
vlan batch 10 20
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 port link-type trunk
 undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 port link-type trunk
 undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/23
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 10
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/24
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 10

任务4:IP编址

请根据Figure 3-1实验考试拓扑和Table 3-2 IP地址规划给出的信息,配置对应网络设备接口的IP地址。

[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Edg01-AR6140]
int g0/0/0
 ip add 10.1.12.1 24
int g0/0/1
 ip add 10.1.13.1 24
int g0/0/2
 ip add 10.1.15.1 24
int s4/0/0
 ip add 10.1.14.1 24
int l0
 ip add 10.1.1.1 24
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Core01-AR6140]
Int g0/0/0
 Ip add 10.1.26.2 24
Int g0/0/1
 Ip add 10.1.23.2 24
Int g0/0/2
 Ip add 10.1.12.2 24
Int l0
 Ip add 10.1.2.2 24
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Core02-AR6140]
int g0/0/0
 ip add 10.1.37.3 24
int g0/0/1
 ip add 10.1.23.3 24
int g0/0/2
 ip add 10.1.13.3 24
int l0
 ip add 10.1.3.3 24
[HZ-HZEDU-Edg01-AR6140]
int s4/0/0
 ip add 10.1.14.4 24
int g0/0/1
 ip add 192.168.4.254
int l0
 ip add 10.1.4.4 32
[SH-SHEDU-Edg01-AR6140]
Int g0/0/0
 Ip add 10.1.15.5 24
Int g0/0/1
 Ip add 192.168.5.254 24
Int l0
 Ip add 10.1.5.5 32
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg01-S5731]
Int vlanif 10
 Ip add 192.168.10.100 24
Int vlanif 20
 Ip add 192.168.20.101 24
Int vlanif 100
 Ip add 10.1.26.6 24
Int l0
 Ip add 10.1.6.6 32
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg02-S5731]
Int vlanif 10
 Ip add 192.168.10.101 24
Int vlanif 20
 Ip add 192.168.20.100 24
Int vlanif 101
 Ip add 10.1.37.7 24
Int l0
 Ip add 10.1.7.7 32

任务5:RSTP

  1. 为了防止二层网络中出现环路和提高网络可靠性,在Acc01、Acc02和Agg01、Agg02之间配置STP协议。 STP模式为RSTP。设置Agg01的优先级为4096使其成为根桥
  2. 为了阻塞Agg01-Acc01、Agg02-Acc02之间的链路,在接入层交换机的端口上修改cost值,只能为2000000
  3. 为了最大限度的保证网络的稳定性,避免主机频繁重启导致的网络波动,要求与PC3相连的交换机端口,不参加STP计算,直接进入Forwarding状态转发。
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg01-S5731]
Stp mode rstp
Stp priority 4096
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg02-S5731]
Stp mode rstp
Stp priority 8192
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Acc01-S5731]
Stp mode rstp
Int g0/0/3
 Stp cost 200000
Int g0/0/24
 Stp edged-port enable
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Acc02-S5731]
Stp mode rstp
Int g0/0/2
 Stp cost 200000

任务6:VRRP

为了提高校园网的可靠性,容纳更多的流量,现在Agg01和Agg02上做VRRP

  1. 在vlan10上配置备份组1,虚拟IP为192.168.10.254/24,在vlan20上配置备份组2,虚拟IP为192.168.20.254/24

  2. 为使Agg01为备份组1的主设备,设置Agg01备份组1的优先级为120,Agg02备份组1的优先级默认,为使Agg02为备份组2的主设备,设置Agg02备份组2的优先级为120,Agg01备份组2的优先级默认,

  3. 使Agg01和Agg02监控上行端口的流量,当接口down掉,减少优先级40

    [HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg01-S5731]
    Int vlanif 10
     vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.10.254
     vrrp vrid 1 priority 120
     vrrp vrid 1 track interface g0/0/24 reduce 30
    int vlanif 20
     vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 192.168.20.254
    
    [HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg02-S5731]
    Int vlanif 20
     vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 192.168.20.254
     vrrp vrid 2 priority 120
     vrrp vrid 2 track interface g0/0/24 reduce 30
    int vlanif 10
     vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.10.254
    

任务7:OSPF

为了保证教育骨干网之间的通信,选用动态路由协议OSPF作为教育骨干网的IGP。

  1. 在Agg01、Agg02、Core01、Core02、HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Edg01-AR6140(除了S4/0/0)、SH-SHEDU-Edg01-AR6140之间运行OSPF协议,配置OSPF进程号为 1,都在骨干区域0内。
  2. 在创建OSPF进程时手动设定Router ID与环回口地址一致。要求互联接口和 Loopback接口所在网段采用32位精确宣告。 例如:将10.1.12.1/24此地址进行32位宣告的命令为Network 1.2.3.4 0.0.0.0
  3. 为了使HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Edg01的G0/0/0成为DR,修改其接口优先级为最大
  4. 为了保证路由交互的安全性,在Agg01、Agg02、Core01、Core02、HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Edg01-AR6140(除了S4/0/0)、SH-SHEDU-Edg01-AR6140上采用区域认证,选择md5加密算法,认证密钥ID为1,密钥类型为cipher,密码为“huawei123”。
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Edg01-AR6140]
ospf 1 router-id 10.1.1.1 
 area 0.0.0.0 
  authentication-mode md5 1 cipher huawei123
  network 10.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.1.12.1 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.1.13.1 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.1.15.1 0.0.0.0
int g0/0/0
 ospf dr-priority 255
 

[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Core01-AR6140]
ospf 1 router-id 10.1.2.2 
 area 0.0.0.0 
  authentication-mode md5 1 cipher huawei123
  network 10.1.2.2 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.1.12.2 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.1.23.2 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.1.26.2 0.0.0.0


[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Core02-AR6140]
ospf 1 router-id 10.1.3.3 
 area 0.0.0.0 
  authentication-mode md5 1 cipher huawei123
  network 10.1.3.3 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.1.13.3 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.1.23.3 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.1.37.3 0.0.0.0


[SH-SHEDU-Edg01-AR6140]
ospf 1 router-id 10.1.15.5 
 area 0.0.0.0 
  authentication-mode md5 1 cipher huawei123
  network 10.1.5.5 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.1.15.5 0.0.0.0 
  network 192.168.5.254 0.0.0.0


[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg01-S5731]
ospf 1 router-id 10.1.6.6
 area 0.0.0.0
  authentication-mode md5 1 cipher huawei123
  network 192.168.10.100 0.0.0.0
  network 192.168.20.101 0.0.0.0
  network 10.1.6.6 0.0.0.0
  network 10.1.26.6 0.0.0.0


[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Agg02-S5731]
ospf 1 router-id 10.1.7.7
 area 0.0.0.0
  authentication-mode md5 1 cipher huawei123
  network 192.168.10.101 0.0.0.0
  network 192.168.20.100 0.0.0.0
  network 10.1.7.7 0.0.0.0
  network 10.1.37.7 0.0.0.0

任务8:CHAP和出口设计

  1. 为了能够让校园用户访问教育部,在校园网部署一条通往教育部的明细静态路由,下一跳为S4/0/0,在教育部部署一条缺省路由,下一跳为S4/0/0。
  2. 为了保证校园网和教育部互访的安全,配置chap认证,教育部为认证方,用户是huawei,密码是Huawei@123
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Edg01-AR6140]ip route-static 192.168.4.0 24 s4/0/0
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Edg01-AR6140]int s4/0/0
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Edg01-AR6140-Serial4/0/0]link-protocol ppp
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Edg01-AR6140-Serial4/0/0]ppp chap user huawei
[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Edg01-AR6140-Serial4/0/0]ppp chap password cipher Huawei@123
[HZ-HZEDU-Edg01-AR6140]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 s4/0/0
[HZ-HZEDU-Edg01-AR6140]aaa
[HZ-HZEDU-Edg01-AR6140-aaa]local-user huawei password cipher Huawei@123
[HZ-HZEDU-Edg01-AR6140-aaa]local-user huawei service-type ppp
[HZ-HZEDU-Edg01-AR6140]int s4/0/0
[HZ-HZEDU-Edg01-AR6140-Serial4/0/0]link-protocol ppp
[HZ-HZEDU-Edg01-AR6140-Serial4/0/0]ppp authentication-mode chap 
[HZ-HZEDU-Edg01-AR6140-Serial4/0/0]ppp chap user huawei

任务9:路由引入

为了使内网用户能够通过教育骨干网和其他校区正常通信,在HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Edg01上将静态路由引入OSPF,并且使内部开销不计算,引入类型为type2 路由引入的命令为:Import-route<protocol>

[HZ-HZxiaoyuan-Edg01-AR6140-ospf-1]import-route static type 2