1.---OS操作---
linux下创建多级目录：mkdir -p a/b/c/d
[user1@localhost Desktop]$ cd ~
[user1@localhost ~]$ ls
a2.t Desktop Downloads Music Pictures replace.py test.txt
a.t Documents filefindreplace.py new.txt Public Templates Videos
[user1@localhost ~]$ mkdir csvt
[user1@localhost ~]$ cd csvt/
[user1@localhost csvt]$ python
Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Jul 10 2013, 22:48:45)
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-3)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import os
>>> os.mkdir('jpp')
>>> os.mkdir('test')
>>> os.makedirs('a/b/c')
>>> os.rmdir('test')
>>> os.removedirs('a/b/c')
>>> os.listdir('.')
['jpp']
>>> os.listdir('/')
['etc', '.readahead_collect', 'usr', 'proc', 'boot', 'sbin', '.autofsck', 'mnt', 'sys', 'tmp', 'home', 'srv', 'root', 'media', 'opt', 'lib64', 'bin', 'lib', 'lost+found', 'dev', 'selinux', 'var']
>>> os.getcwd()
'/home/user1/csvt'
>>> os.chdir('/')
>>> os.listdir('.')
['etc', '.readahead_collect', 'usr', 'proc', 'boot', 'sbin', '.autofsck', 'mnt', 'sys', 'tmp', 'home', 'srv', 'root', 'media', 'opt', 'lib64', 'bin', 'lib', 'lost+found', 'dev', 'selinux', 'var']
>>> os.getcwd()
'/'
>>> exit()
[user1@localhost csvt]$ ls
jpp
[user1@localhost csvt]$ ls
jpp test
[user1@localhost csvt]$ ls
a jpp test
[user1@localhost csvt]$ cd a/
[user1@localhost a]$ ls
b
[user1@localhost a]$ cd b/
[user1@localhost b]$ ls
c
[user1@localhost b]$ cd c/
[user1@localhost c]$ cd ~
[user1@localhost ~]$ cd ~
[user1@localhost ~]$ cd ~
[user1@localhost ~]$ cd csvt/
[user1@localhost csvt]$ ls
a jpp test
[user1@localhost csvt]$ ls
a jpp
[user1@localhost csvt]$ ls
jpp
[user1@localhost csvt]$
2---目录遍历---
#!/usr/bin/python
#coding:utf8
import os
def dirList(path):
filelist = os.listdir(path)
#fpath = os.getcwd() 删除
#allfile = []
for filename in filelist:
#allfile.append(fpath+'/'+filename)---1
#filepath = os.path.join(fpath,filename)---2
#allfile.append(filepath)----2
filepath = os.path.join(path,filename)
if os.path.isdir(filepath):
dirList(filepath)
#allfile.append(filepath)
print filepath
allfile = dirList('/root/csvtpy/testdir')
print allfile
3---异常处理---
#coding:utf8
filename = raw_input('请输入您要操作的文件:')
try:
f = open(filename)
print 'hello'
except IOError,msg:
print "您指定的文件不存在"
except NameError,msg:
print "内部变量调用错误"
finally:
try:
f.close()
except NameError,msg:
pass
print "It's done!"
if filename == "hello":
raise TypeError("Nothing!")
