public class Array<E> {

private E[] data;
private int size;

// 构造函数,传入数组的容量capacity构造Array
public Array(int capacity){
data = (E[])new Object[capacity];
size = 0;
}

// 无参数的构造函数,默认数组的容量capacity=10
public Array(){
this(10);
}

// 获取数组的容量
public int getCapacity(){
return data.length;
}

// 获取数组中的元素个数
public int getSize(){
return size;
}

// 返回数组是否为空
public boolean isEmpty(){
return size == 0;
}

// 在index索引的位置插入一个新元素e
public void add(int index, E e){

if(size == data.length)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Add failed. Array is full.");

if(index < 0 || index > size)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Add failed. Require index >= 0 and index <= size.");

for(int i = size - 1; i >= index ; i --)
data[i + 1] = data[i];

data[index] = e;

size ++;
}

// 向所有元素后添加一个新元素
public void addLast(E e){
add(size, e);
}

// 在所有元素前添加一个新元素
public void addFirst(E e){
add(0, e);
}

// 获取index索引位置的元素
public E get(int index){
if(index < 0 || index >= size)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Get failed. Index is illegal.");
return data[index];
}

// 修改index索引位置的元素为e
public void set(int index, E e){
if(index < 0 || index >= size)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Set failed. Index is illegal.");
data[index] = e;
}

// 查找数组中是否有元素e
public boolean contains(E e){
for(int i = 0 ; i < size ; i ++){
if(data[i].equals(e))
return true;
}
return false;
}

// 查找数组中元素e所在的索引,如果不存在元素e,则返回-1
public int find(E e){
for(int i = 0 ; i < size ; i ++){
if(data[i].equals(e))
return i;
}
return -1;
}

// 从数组中删除index位置的元素, 返回删除的元素
public E remove(int index){
if(index < 0 || index >= size)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Remove failed. Index is illegal.");

E ret = data[index];
for(int i = index + 1 ; i < size ; i ++)
data[i - 1] = data[i];
size --;
data[size] = null; // loitering objects != memory leak
return ret;
}

// 从数组中删除第一个元素, 返回删除的元素
public E removeFirst(){
return remove(0);
}

// 从数组中删除最后一个元素, 返回删除的元素
public E removeLast(){
return remove(size - 1);
}

// 从数组中删除元素e
public void removeElement(E e){
int index = find(e);
if(index != -1)
remove(index);
}

@Override
public String toString(){

StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
res.append(String.format("Array: size = %d , capacity = %d\n", size, data.length));
res.append('[');
for(int i = 0 ; i < size ; i ++){
res.append(data[i]);
if(i != size - 1)
res.append(", ");
}
res.append(']');
return res.toString();
}
}
public class Student {

private String name;
private int score;

public Student(String studentName, int studentScore){
name = studentName;
score = studentScore;
}

@Override
public String toString(){
return String.format("Student(name: %s, score: %d)", name, score);
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

Array<Student> arr = new Array<>();
arr.addLast(new Student("Alice", 100));
arr.addLast(new Student("Bob", 66));
arr.addLast(new Student("Charlie", 88));
System.out.println(arr);
}
}