✨Spring Boot整合Thymeleaf



Thymeleaf

基本介绍

  • Spring Boot 官方推荐使用 Thymeleaf 作为其模板引擎。SpringBoot 为 Thymeleaf 提供了一系列默认配置,并且为Thymeleaf提供了视图解析器。
  • 项目中一但导入了 Thymeleaf 的依赖,相对应的自动配置 (ThymeleafAutoConfiguration) 就会自动生效,因此 Thymeleaf 可以与 Spring Boot 完美整合 。
  • Thymeleaf模板引擎可以和html标签完美结合,便于后端渲染数据。
  • Thymeleaf支持静态效果和动态效果,在没有动态数据的时候,会展示静态效果
  • 模板引擎是为了使用户界面与业务数据(内容)分离而产生的,它可以生成特定格式的文档,用于网站的模板引擎就会生成一个标准的HTML文档就是将模板文件和数据通过模板引擎生成一个HTML代码**
  • 常见的模板引擎有:jsp、​​freemarker​​、velocity、thymeleaf
  • Thymeleaf默认写的位置是在templates这个目录下面
  • Thymeleaf官网:​​https://www.thymeleaf.org/​
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>

Thymeleaf默认的视图路径是:/ resources/templates,在这个目录下面创建html并引入thymeleaf

<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymleaf.org">

xmlns:th=“http://www.thymleaf.org”>

基本语法

${域属性名}:获得request域中的域属性值并显示
${session.域属性名}: 获得session域中的域属性值并显示

< p th:text="${name}">aaa</p>

如果取得到数据的话,就会渲染成动态画面,否则就渲染成静态画面(只显示学生管理系统只显示学生管理系统这几个字)

Spring Boot整合Thymeleaf_html

th:text文本替换

<span th:text="${user.name}">Tom</span>

th:if和th:unless文本替换

使用th:if和th:unless属性进行条件判断,th:unlessth:unless刚好相反,只有表达式条件不成立才会显示内容

<h2 th:if="${age>=18}">成年</h2>
<h2 th:unless="${age>=18}">未成年</h2>

th:each foreach循环

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<style>.tb-stus{
width: 900px;
margin: 0 auto;
border: black 1px solid;
border-collapse: collapse;
}
.tb-stus th,td{
padding: 10px;
text-align: center;
border:1px solid black;
}</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2 align="center">学生管理系统</h2>
<table class="tb-stus">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>序号</th>
<th>姓名</th>
<th>年龄</th>
<th>性别</th>
<th>班级</th>
<th>生日</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr th:each="stu:${stuList}">
<td>1</td>
<td th:text="${stu.name}">aa</td>
<td>22</td>
<td></td>
<td>计科1班</td>
<td>2022-2-3</td>
<td>
<a href="#">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>

Spring Boot整合Thymeleaf_面试_02

​IDEA使用Thymeleaf输入 th: 没有智能提示的全新解决办法​

th:href和@{}链接表达式

<!--http://localhost:8080/stu/10 -->
<a th:href="${'/stus/'+ stu.id}">编辑学生1</a>

<!--http://localhost:8080/stu?id=10 -->
<a th:href="@{/stus(id=${stu.id})}">编辑学生2</a>

<!--http://localhost:8080/stu?id=10&name=abc -->
<a th:href="@{/stus(id=${stu.id},name=${stu.name})}">编辑学生3</a>

th:switch和th:case

<div th:switch="${stu.role}">
<h2 th:case="banzhang">班长</h2>
<h2 th:case="tuanzhishu">团支书</h2>
<h2 th:case="${data}">学委</h2>
<h2 th:case="*">其他</h2>

</div>

thymeleaf默认给变量名+Stat的状态

如果没有显示设置状态变量,thymeleaf会默认给一个变量名+Stat的状态

<tr th:each="stu: ${stus}">
<td th:text="${stuStat.index}"></td>
<td th:text="${ stu.name}"></td>
<td th:text="${ stu.age}"></td>
</tr>

th:id、th:value、th:checked等(和form表单相关)

th:object可以定义对象属性
*{}可以和th:object配合使用,可以取出对象中的属性

#dates.format()可以用来格式化日期格式

<form th:object="${stu}">
编号:<input type="text" name="id" th:value="*{id}"><br>
姓名:<input type="text" name="name" th:value="*{name}"><br>
年龄:<input type="text" name="age" th:value="*{age}"><br>
性别:<input type="radio" name="gender" value="true" th:checked="*{gender}"><br>
性别:<input type="radio" name="gender" value="true" th:checked="*{not gender}"><br>
生日:<input type="text" name="birth" th:value="*{#dates.format(birth,'yyyy-MM-dd')}"><br>
<input type="submit" value="编辑">
</form>

整合Thymeleaf

基本配置

创建项目的时候,记得在模板引擎中勾选Thymeleaf

Spring Boot整合Thymeleaf_html_03


在pom.xml中把MySQL驱动的作用域删除


然后我们这里使用druid连接池,所以需要在pom文件导入相关依赖

<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.2.11</version>
</dependency>

然后我们需要在全局配置文件application.properties中进行相关配置

# 指定Mybatis的Mapper接口的xml映射文件的路径
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mapper/*xml
# MySQL数据库驱动
#这个驱动也可以省略,可以根据使用的MySQL自动加载相应的驱动
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
# 数据源名称
spring.datasource.name=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
# 数据库连接地址
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/school?serverTimezone=UTC&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull
# 数据库用户名和密码
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=a87684009.
# 设置日志级别
logging.level.com.zyh.springboot=debug
# 开启mybatis驼峰命名规则自动转换功能
mybatis.configuration.map-underscore-to-camel-case=true

数据库准备

准备好数据库中表所对应的实体类,以及三层结构

Spring Boot整合Thymeleaf_html_04


![image.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/adea584ea15da55fb398cebbb282e794.png#clientId=u282232e8-2213-4&crop=0&crop=0&crop=1&crop=1&from=paste&height=705&id=ude1680f0&margin=[object Object]&name=image.png&originHeight=793&originWidth=537&originalType=binary&ratio=1&rotatinotallow=0&showTitle=false&size=30764&status=done&style=none&taskId=u0fd3adf8-2c2c-4370-ab0b-4c873e356a3&title=&width=477.3333333333333)

@Data
public class Stu {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Integer age;
private Boolean gender;
private Integer cid;
@DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd")
private Date birth;
}

三层架构

Mapper

@Mapper
public interface StuMapper {
/**
* 查询所有学生信息
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Select("select * from stu")
List<Stu> queryAllStu() throws Exception;
}

Service

public interface StuService  {
/**
* 查询所有学生信息
* @return
*/
List<Stu> queryAllStu() throws Exception;
}

Service的实现类

@Service
public class StuServiceImpl implements StuService {
@Autowired
private StuMapper stuMapper;
@Override
public List<Stu> queryAllStu() throws Exception {
return stuMapper.queryAllStu();
}
}

thymeleaf

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>学生管理系统</h2>
<h2 th:text="${name}">aaaa</h2>
</body>
</html>

Controller

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/stu")
public class StuController {
@Autowired
private StuService stuService;
/**
* 显示学生管理系统的画面
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/stusUi")
public String stusUi(){
return "stus";
}
}

Spring Boot整合Thymeleaf_spring boot_05

Spring Boot整合Thymeleaf_spring boot_06

Spring Boot整合Thymeleaf_thymeleaf_07

然后我们先准备好页面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<style>.tb-stus{
width: 900px;
margin: 0 auto;
border: black 1px solid;
border-collapse: collapse;
}
.tb-stus th,td{
padding: 10px;
text-align: center;
border:1px solid black;
}</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2 align="center">学生管理系统</h2>
<table class="tb-stus">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>序号</th>
<th>姓名</th>
<th>年龄</th>
<th>性别</th>
<th>班级</th>
<th>生日</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr th:each="stu,status: ${stuList}">
<td th:text="${status.index+1}">1</td>
<td th:text="${stu.name}">aa</td>
<td th:text="${stu.age}">22</td>
<!-- gender的属性值为1表示性别为男-->
<td th:if="${stu.gender}"></td>
<td th:unless="${stu.gender}"></td>
<td th:text="${stu.cid}">计科1班</td>
<td th:text="${#dates.format(stu.birth,'yyyy-MM-dd')}">2022-2-3</td>
<td>
<!--http://localhost:8080/stu/delete?id=10-->
<a th:href="@{/stu/delete(id=${stu.id})}">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>

Spring Boot整合Thymeleaf_spring boot_08

当我们点击删除的时候,后端要根据前端传过来的id来从数据库中删除对应的数据。这里我们先按照我们之前学的时候,熟悉的方法来完成,到后面的时候,会详细讲前后端分离开发

删除操作

Controller(之前的方法这里没有粘贴出来,不然代码太多了)

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/stu")
public class StuController {
@Autowired
private StuService stuService;

/**根据id删除数据
* http://localhost:8080/stu/delete?id=10
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/delete")
public String deleteById(@RequestParam("id") Integer id){
try {
stuService.deleteByid(id);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(id);
return "redirect:/stu/stusUi";
}


}

Service

public interface StuService  {
/**
* 查询所有学生信息
* @return
*/
List<Stu> queryAllStu() throws Exception;

void deleteByid(Integer id);
}

Service实现类

@Service
public class StuServiceImpl implements StuService {
@Autowired
private StuMapper stuMapper;
@Override
public List<Stu> queryAllStu() throws Exception {
return stuMapper.queryAllStu();
}

/**
* 根据id删除数据
* @param id
*/
@Override
public void deleteByid(Integer id) throws Exception {
stuMapper.deleteById(id);
}
}

Mapper

@Mapper
public interface StuMapper {
/**
* 查询所有学生信息
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Select("select * from stu")
List<Stu> queryAllStu() throws Exception;
@Delete("delete from stu where id=#{id}")
void deleteById( Integer id);
}

把编号为8的数据删除

Spring Boot整合Thymeleaf_spring boot_09

编辑操作

页面stus.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<style>.tb-stus{
width: 900px;
margin: 0 auto;
border: black 1px solid;
border-collapse: collapse;
}
.tb-stus th,td{
padding: 10px;
text-align: center;
border:1px solid black;
}</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2 align="center">学生管理系统</h2>
<table class="tb-stus">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>序号</th>
<th>姓名</th>
<th>年龄</th>
<th>性别</th>
<th>班级</th>
<th>生日</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr th:each="stu,status: ${stuList}">
<td th:text="${stu.id}">1</td>
<td th:text="${stu.name}">aa</td>
<td th:text="${stu.age}">22</td>
<!-- gender的属性值为1表示性别为男-->
<td th:if="${stu.gender}"></td>
<td th:unless="${stu.gender}"></td>
<td th:text="${stu.cid}">计科1班</td>
<td th:text="${#dates.format(stu.birth,'yyyy-MM-dd')}">2022-2-3</td>
<td>
<!-- localhost:8080/stu/delete/8-->
<!-- <a th:href="${'/stu/delete/'+stu.id}">删除</a>-->
<!--http://localhost:8080/stu/delete?id=10-->
<a th:href="@{/stu/delete(id=${stu.id})}">删除</a>
<a th:href="@{/stu/edit(id=${stu.id})}">编辑</a>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

</body>
</html>

页面 stu-edit.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>编辑画面</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2 >编辑学生信息</h2>
<form action="" method="post" th:object="${stu}">
学号:<input type="text" name="id" th:value="*{id}" ><br><br>
姓名:<input type="text" name="name" th:value="*{name}"><br><br>
年龄:<input type="text" name="age" th:value="*{age}"><br><br>
性别:<input type="radio" name="gender" th:checked="*{gender}" >
<input type="radio" name="gender" th:checked="*{!gender}" ><br><br>
班级:<input type="text" name="cid" th:value="*{cid}"><br><br>
生日:<input type="text" name="birth" th:value="*{#dates.format(birth,'yyyy-MM-dd')}"><br><br>
<input type="submit" value="编辑">
</form>
</body>
</html>

Controller

/**
* 根据id来修改数据
* 我们首先得先根据id把数据查询出来,然后把数据展示出来
* 用户再进行编辑,用户编辑完并且提交以后,跳转到学生管理系统画面,展示所有数据
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/edit")
public String edit(@RequestParam("id") Integer id,Model model){
System.out.println("id"+id);
try {
Stu stu=stuService.queryById(id);
model.addAttribute("stu",stu);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

return "stu-edit";
}

Service

public interface StuService  {
/**
* 查询所有学生信息
* @return
*/
List<Stu> queryAllStu() throws Exception;

/**
* 根据id来删除学生信息
* @param id
* @throws Exception
*/
void deleteByid(Integer id) throws Exception;

/**
* 根据id来查询对应学生信息
* @param id
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
Stu queryById(Integer id) throws Exception;
}

Service实现类

@Service
public class StuServiceImpl implements StuService {
@Autowired
private StuMapper stuMapper;
@Override
public List<Stu> queryAllStu() throws Exception {
return stuMapper.queryAllStu();
}

/**
* 根据id删除数据
* @param id
*/
@Override
public void deleteByid(Integer id) throws Exception {
stuMapper.deleteById(id);
}

@Override
public Stu queryById(Integer id) throws Exception {
return stuMapper.queryById(id);
}
}

Mapper

@Mapper
public interface StuMapper {
/**
* 查询所有学生信息
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Select("select * from stu")
List<Stu> queryAllStu() throws Exception;
@Delete("delete from stu where id=#{id}")
void deleteById( Integer id);
@Select("select * from stu where id=#{id}")
Stu queryById(Integer id) throws Exception;
}

Spring Boot整合Thymeleaf_thymeleaf_10

比如在序号为4中,点击编辑

Spring Boot整合Thymeleaf_面试_11

用户登录

登录页面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>用户登录</h2>
<form action="/login" method="post">
账号:<input type="text" name="username"><br><br>
密码:<input type="password" name="password"><br><br>
<input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>


</body>
</html>

因为需要判断用户是否存在,这是从数据库进行查询的,所以要准备对应的管理员表

# 创建管理员表
CREATE TABLE admin(
id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
username VARCHAR(20),
`password` VARCHAR(20)
);

INSERT INTO admin VALUES
(DEFAULT,'aaa',111),
(DEFAULT,'bbb',222),
(DEFAULT,'ccc',333);
# 查询测试
SELECT * FROM admin;

准备对应的实体类

@Data
public class Admin {
private String username;
private String password;
}

Controller

@Controller
@SessionAttributes(names = {"admin"})
public class AdminController {
@Autowired
private AdminService adminService;

/**
* 显示登录页面
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/loginUi")
public String loginUi(){
return "login";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/login",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String login(String username, String password, Model model){
try {
Admin admin = adminService.login(username, password);
//用户名存在说明登录成功
if (admin!=null){
//存放到session域中
model.addAttribute("admin",admin);
return "redirect:/stu/stusUi";
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "redirect:/loginUi";
}

}

Service

public interface AdminService {
Admin login(String username,String password) throws Exception;
}

Service对应的实现类

@Service
public class AdminServiceImpl implements AdminService {
@Autowired
private AdminMapper adminMapper;
@Override
public Admin login(String username, String password) throws Exception {
return adminMapper.queryByUsernameAndPassword(username,password);
}
}

Mapper

@Mapper
public interface AdminMapper {
@Select("select * from admin where username=#{username} and password=#{password}")
Admin queryByUsernameAndPassword(@Param("username") String username, @Param("password") String password);
}

Spring Boot整合Thymeleaf_spring boot_12

Spring Boot整合Thymeleaf_thymeleaf_13

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<style>.tb-stus{
width: 900px;
margin: 0 auto;
border: black 1px solid;
border-collapse: collapse;
}
.tb-stus th,td{
padding: 10px;
text-align: center;
border:1px solid black;
}</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2 align="center">学生管理系统</h2>
<h2 th:if="${session.admin!=null}" th:text="${session.admin.username}">用户名</h2>
<a th:unless="${session.admin!=null}" href="/loginUi">登录</a>
<a th:if="${session.admin!=null}" href="/logout">注销用户</a>
<table class="tb-stus">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>序号</th>
<th>姓名</th>
<th>年龄</th>
<th>性别</th>
<th>班级</th>
<th>生日</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr th:each="stu,status: ${stuList}">
<td th:text="${stu.id}">1</td>
<td th:text="${stu.name}">aa</td>
<td th:text="${stu.age}">22</td>
<!-- gender的属性值为1表示性别为男-->
<td th:if="${stu.gender}"></td>
<td th:unless="${stu.gender}"></td>
<td th:text="${stu.cid}">计科1班</td>
<td th:text="${#dates.format(stu.birth,'yyyy-MM-dd')}">2022-2-3</td>
<td>
<!-- localhost:8080/stu/delete/8-->
<!-- <a th:href="${'/stu/delete/'+stu.id}">删除</a>-->
<!--http://localhost:8080/stu/delete?id=10-->
<a th:href="@{/stu/delete(id=${stu.id})}">删除</a>
<a th:href="@{/stu/edit(id=${stu.id})}">编辑</a>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

</body>
</html>

Spring Boot整合Thymeleaf_spring boot_14


Spring Boot整合Thymeleaf_thymeleaf_15

Spring Boot整合Thymeleaf_面试_16

用户注销

注销的话,我们把session域中的用户对象取消,然后这个时候就得重新登录,应该要跳转到登录画面

@RequestMapping("/logout")
public String logout(HttpSession session){
session.removeAttribute("admin");
return "redirect:/loginUi";
}

Spring Boot整合Thymeleaf_spring boot_17

点击注销用户

Spring Boot整合Thymeleaf_thymeleaf_18