作者:朱培 ID:sdksdk0
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本文主要内容是分享用户注册时需要进行的邮箱激活功能的实现。在我们都知道在一个网站中,用户注册后需要来一个邮箱进行激活是很常见的功能,那么我们今天就来学习一下这个邮箱验证功能.这里以我的一个小项目“网上书店”的这个模块来说明这个邮箱激活的功能!采用的是mvc模式开发!
一、数据库设计
首先我们需要对用户注册的表进行设计,里面要添加激活码的字段和激活的状态的字段。我们可以看到页面是这样的,有5个需要填写的字段,然后加上我们这个激活码的就有7个了。
这里我采用的是mysql数据库。actived表示激活码的状态位,0表示未激活,1表示激活了.
CREATE TABLE customers(
id VARCHAR(100) PRIMARY KEY,
username VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
PASSWORD VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
phone VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
address VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL ,
email VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
CODE VARCHAR(200) UNIQUE, --激活码
actived BIT(1) --激活码的状态位,0表示未激活,1表示激活
)
二、bean设计
新建一个Customer.java
生成其get\set方法即可。
private String id;
private String username;
private String password;
private String phone;
private String address;
private String email;
private String code; //激活码
private boolean actived; //账户是否激活
三、接口设计
新建一个CustomerDao.java
有保存密码、更新激活状态、登录等。
public interface CustomerDao {
void save(Customer customer);
void update(Customer customer);
Customer findByCode(String code);
Customer find(String username, String password);
}
接口的实现类
CustomerDaoImpl.java
我们主要就是在这个里面进行与数据库的交互
public class CustomerDaoImpl implements CustomerDao {
private QueryRunner qr=new QueryRunner(C3P0Util.getDataSource());
public void save(Customer customer) {
try {
qr.update("insert into customers (id,username,password,phone,address,email,code,actived) values (?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)",
customer.getId(),customer.getUsername(),customer.getPassword(),customer.getPhone(),customer.getAddress(),
customer.getEmail(),customer.getCode(),customer.isActived());
} catch (SQLException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
public void update(Customer customer) {
try {
qr.update("update customers set username=?,password=?,phone=?,address=?,email=?,code=?,actived=? where id=?",
customer.getUsername(),customer.getPassword(),customer.getPhone(),customer.getAddress(),
customer.getEmail(),customer.getCode(),customer.isActived(),customer.getId());
} catch (SQLException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
public Customer findByCode(String code) {
try {
return qr.query("select * from customers where code=?", new BeanHandler<Customer>(Customer.class),code);
} catch (SQLException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
public Customer find(String username, String password) {
try {
return qr.query("select * from customers where username=? and password=?", new BeanHandler<Customer>(Customer.class),username,password);
} catch (SQLException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
四、Service的实现
新建一个service类:接口BusinessService.java
//用户注册
void registCustomer(Customer customer);
//根据激活码获取用户信息
Customer findByCode(String code);
//激活客户的账户
void activeCustomer(Customer customer);
//根据用户名或密码登录,如果账户没有激活就返回null
Customer login(String username,String password);
接口的实现
@Override
public void registCustomer(Customer customer) {
customer.setId(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
customerDao.save(customer);
}
@Override
public Customer findByCode(String code) {
return customerDao.findByCode(code);
}
@Override
public void activeCustomer(Customer customer) {
if(customer==null)
throw new RuntimeException("数据不能为空");
if(customer.getId()==null)
throw new RuntimeException("更新数据的主键不能为空");
customerDao.update(customer);
}
@Override
public Customer login(String username, String password) {
Customer customer = customerDao.find(username,password);
if(customer==null)
return null;
if(!customer.isActived())
return null;
return customer;
}
五、Servlet的实现
这里是控制层:激活邮箱我使用的是在另外的一个线程中实现的。SendMailThread.java中实现。
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
String op=request.getParameter("op");
if("customerRegist".equals(op)){
customerRegist(request,response);
}else if("activeCustomer".equals(op)){
activeCustomer(request,response);
}else if("login".equals(op)){
login(request,response);
}else if("logout".equals(op)){
logout(request,response);
}
}
//注销登录
private void logout(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
request.getSession().removeAttribute("customer");
response.getWriter().write("注销成功!2秒后转向主页");
response.setHeader("Refresh", "2;URL="+request.getContextPath());
}
//用户登录
private void login(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
String username=request.getParameter("username");
String password=request.getParameter("password");
Customer customer=s.login(username, password);
if(customer==null){
response.getWriter().write("错误的用户名或密码,或者您的账户还没有激活!5秒后转向登陆页");
response.setHeader("Refresh", "5;URL="+request.getContextPath()+"/login.jsp");
return;
}
request.getSession().setAttribute("customer", customer);
response.getWriter().write("登陆成功!2秒后转向主页");
response.setHeader("Refresh", "2;URL="+request.getContextPath());
}
//激活邮箱
private void activeCustomer(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
String code=request.getParameter("code");
Customer customer=s.findByCode(code);
if(customer==null){
response.getWriter().write("发生未知错误,请重新输入");
return ;
}
customer.setActived(true);
s.activeCustomer(customer);
response.getWriter().write("激活成功!2秒后转向主页");
response.setHeader("Refresh", "2;URL="+request.getContextPath());
}
//新用户注册,发送激活邮件
private void customerRegist(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//封装数据
Customer customer=WebUtil.fillBean(request,Customer.class);
customer.setCode(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
//发送邮件,单独启动一个线程
SendMailThread smt=new SendMailThread(customer);
smt.start();
s.registCustomer(customer);
request.setAttribute("message", "注册成功,我们已经发送了一封激活邮件到您的"+customer.getEmail()+"中,请及时激活您的账户");
request.getRequestDispatcher("/message.jsp").forward(request, response);
}
六、邮件的发送
我们刚才将其抽取到一个线程中来实现.我这里使用的是万网的mail.host,所以其属性值为smtp.mxhichina.com,如果你用的是163邮箱的话,就替换为smtp.163.com即可。
对于下面点击激活后跳转的网址为你的工程的名字,这个可以根据实际情况配置,也可以直接引入公网域名来使用。
<a href='http://localhost:8080/BookStore/servlet/ClientServlet?op=activeCustomer&code="+customer.getCode()+"'>激活</a>
public class SendMailThread extends Thread{
private Customer customer;
public SendMailThread(Customer customer){
this.customer=customer;
}
public void run(){
Properties props=new Properties();
props.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");//规范规定的参数
props.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.mxhichina.com");//这里使用万网的邮箱主机
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");//请求认证,不认证有可能发不出去邮件。
Session session=Session.getInstance(props);
MimeMessage message=new MimeMessage(session);
try {
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("xingtian@tianfang1314.cn")); //这里可以根据你的实际情况更改邮箱号
message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, customer.getEmail());
message.setSubject("来自指令汇科技书店的注册邮件");
message.setContent("","text/html;charset=UTF-8");
message.setContent("亲爱的"+customer.getUsername()+":<br/>请猛戳下面激活您的账户<a href='http://localhost:8080/BookStore/servlet/ClientServlet?op=activeCustomer&code="+customer.getCode()+"'>激活</a><br/>", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
message.saveChanges();
Transport ts = session.getTransport();
ts.connect("你的邮箱账号", "邮箱密码");
ts.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
ts.close();
} catch (AddressException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchProviderException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (MessagingException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
七、界面
关于注册的这个界面我是真的不写了,其实就是一个表单而已,里面通过一个servlet转向那个servlet就可以了。记得去web.xml中配置一个servlet,或者你直接用注解也是可以的。
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/servlet/ClientServlet?op=customerRegist" method="post">
效果如下:
源码地址:https://github.com/sdksdk0/BookStore">https://github.com/sdksdk0/BookStore