上一篇文章推荐了DarkLabel标注软件，承诺会附上配套的代码，本文主要分享的是格式转换的几个脚本。
先来了解一下为何DarkLabel能生成这么多格式的数据集，来看看DarkLabel的格式：
frame(从0开始计), 数量, id(从0开始), box(x1,y1,x2,y2), class=null
0,4,0,450,194,558,276,null,1,408,147,469,206,null,2,374,199,435,307,null,3,153,213,218,314,null
1,4,0,450,194,558,276,null,1,408,147,469,206,null,2,374,199,435,307,null,3,153,213,218,314,null
2,4,0,450,194,558,276,null,1,408,147,469,206,null,2,374,199,435,307,null,3,153,213,218,314,null
每一帧，每张图片上的目标都可以提取到，并且每个目标有bbox、分配了一个ID、class
这些信息都可以满足目标检测、ReID、跟踪数据集。
ps：说明一下，以下脚本都是笔者自己写的，专用于单类的检测、跟踪、重识别的代码，如果有需要多类的，还需要自己修改多类部分的代码。
1. DarkLabel转Detection
这里笔者写了一个脚本转成VOC2007中的xml格式的标注，代码如下：
import cv2
import os
import shutil
import tqdm
import sys
root_path = r"I:\Dataset\VideoAnnotation"
def print_flush(str):
print(str, end='\r')
sys.stdout.flush()
def genXML(xml_dir, outname, bboxes, width, height):
xml_file = open((xml_dir + '/' + outname + '.xml'), 'w')
xml_file.write('<annotation>\n')
xml_file.write(' <folder>VOC2007</folder>\n')
xml_file.write(' <filename>' + outname + '.jpg' + '</filename>\n')
xml_file.write(' <size>\n')
xml_file.write(' <width>' + str(width) + '</width>\n')
xml_file.write(' <height>' + str(height) + '</height>\n')
xml_file.write(' <depth>3</depth>\n')
xml_file.write(' </size>\n')
for bbox in bboxes:
x1, y1, x2, y2 = bbox
xml_file.write(' <object>\n')
xml_file.write(' <name>' + 'cow' + '</name>\n')
xml_file.write(' <pose>Unspecified</pose>\n')
xml_file.write(' <truncated>0</truncated>\n')
xml_file.write(' <difficult>0</difficult>\n')
xml_file.write(' <bndbox>\n')
xml_file.write(' <xmin>' + str(x1) + '</xmin>\n')
xml_file.write(' <ymin>' + str(y1) + '</ymin>\n')
xml_file.write(' <xmax>' + str(x2) + '</xmax>\n')
xml_file.write(' <ymax>' + str(y2) + '</ymax>\n')
xml_file.write(' </bndbox>\n')
xml_file.write(' </object>\n')
xml_file.write('</annotation>')
def gen_empty_xml(xml_dir, outname, width, height):
xml_file = open((xml_dir + '/' + outname + '.xml'), 'w')
xml_file.write('<annotation>\n')
xml_file.write(' <folder>VOC2007</folder>\n')
xml_file.write(' <filename>' + outname + '.png' + '</filename>\n')
xml_file.write(' <size>\n')
xml_file.write(' <width>' + str(width) + '</width>\n')
xml_file.write(' <height>' + str(height) + '</height>\n')
xml_file.write(' <depth>3</depth>\n')
xml_file.write(' </size>\n')
xml_file.write('</annotation>')
def getJPG(src_video_file, tmp_video_frame_save_dir):
# gen jpg from video
cap = cv2.VideoCapture(src_video_file)
if not os.path.exists(tmp_video_frame_save_dir):
os.makedirs(tmp_video_frame_save_dir)
frame_cnt = 0
isrun, frame = cap.read()
width, height = frame.shape[1], frame.shape[0]
while (isrun):
save_name = append_name + "_" + str(frame_cnt) + ".jpg"
cv2.imwrite(os.path.join(tmp_video_frame_save_dir, save_name), frame)
frame_cnt += 1
print_flush("Extracting frame :%d" % frame_cnt)
isrun, frame = cap.read()
return width, height
def delTmpFrame(tmp_video_frame_save_dir):
if os.path.exists(tmp_video_frame_save_dir):
shutil.rmtree(tmp_video_frame_save_dir)
print('delete %s success!' % tmp_video_frame_save_dir)
def assign_jpgAndAnnot(src_annot_file, dst_annot_dir, dst_jpg_dir, tmp_video_frame_save_dir, width, height):
# get coords from annotations files
txt_file = open(src_annot_file, "r")
content = txt_file.readlines()
for line in content:
item = line[:-1]
items = item.split(',')
frame_id, num_of_cow = items[0], items[1]
print_flush("Assign jpg and annotion : %s" % frame_id)
bboxes = []
for i in range(int(num_of_cow)):
obj_id = items[1 + i * 6 + 1]
obj_x1, obj_y1 = int(items[1 + i * 6 + 2]), int(items[1 + i * 6 + 3])
obj_x2, obj_y2 = int(items[1 + i * 6 + 4]), int(items[1 + i * 6 + 5])
# preprocess the coords
obj_x1 = max(1, obj_x1)
obj_y1 = max(1, obj_y1)
obj_x2 = min(width, obj_x2)
obj_y2 = min(height, obj_y2)
bboxes.append([obj_x1, obj_y1, obj_x2, obj_y2])
genXML(dst_annot_dir, append_name + "_" + str(frame_id), bboxes, width,
height)
shutil.copy(
os.path.join(tmp_video_frame_save_dir,
append_name + "_" + str(frame_id) + ".jpg"),
os.path.join(dst_jpg_dir, append_name + "_" + str(frame_id) + ".jpg"))
txt_file.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
append_names = ["cutout%d" % i for i in range(19, 66)]
for append_name in append_names:
print("processing",append_name)
src_video_file = os.path.join(root_path, append_name + ".mp4")
if not os.path.exists(src_video_file):
continue
src_annot_file = os.path.join(root_path, append_name + "_gt.txt")
dst_annot_dir = os.path.join(root_path, "Annotations")
dst_jpg_dir = os.path.join(root_path, "JPEGImages")
tmp_video_frame_save_dir = os.path.join(root_path, append_name)
width, height = getJPG(src_video_file, tmp_video_frame_save_dir)
assign_jpgAndAnnot(src_annot_file, dst_annot_dir, dst_jpg_dir, tmp_video_frame_save_dir, width, height)
delTmpFrame(tmp_video_frame_save_dir)
如果想转成U版yolo需要的格式可以点击 https://github.com/pprp/voc2007_for_yolo_torch" target="_blank">https://github.com/pprp/voc2007_for_yolo_torch 使用这里的脚本。
2. DarkLabel转ReID数据集
ReID数据集其实与分类数据集很相似，最出名的是Market1501数据集，对这个数据集不熟悉的可以先百度一下。简单来说ReID数据集只比分类中多了query, gallery的概念，也很简单。转换代码如下：
import os
import shutil
import cv2
import numpy as np
import glob
import sys
import random
"""[summary]
根据视频和darklabel得到的标注文件
"""
def preprocessVideo(video_path):
'''
预处理，将视频变为一帧一帧的图片
'''
if not os.path.exists(video_frame_save_path):
os.mkdir(video_frame_save_path)
vidcap = cv2.VideoCapture(video_path)
(cap, frame) = vidcap.read()
height = frame.shape[0]
width = frame.shape[1]
cnt_frame = 0
while (cap):
cv2.imwrite(
os.path.join(video_frame_save_path, "frame_%d.jpg" % (cnt_frame)),
frame)
cnt_frame += 1
print(cnt_frame, end="\r")
sys.stdout.flush()
(cap, frame) = vidcap.read()
vidcap.release()
return width, height
def postprocess(video_frame_save_path):
'''
后处理，删除无用的文件夹
'''
if os.path.exists(video_frame_save_path):
shutil.rmtree(video_frame_save_path)
def extractVideoImgs(frame, video_frame_save_path, coords):
'''
抠图
'''
x1, y1, x2, y2 = coords
# get image from save path
img = cv2.imread(
os.path.join(video_frame_save_path, "frame_%d.jpg" % (frame)))
if img is None:
return None
# crop
save_img = img[y1:y2, x1:x2]
return save_img
def bbox_ious(box1, box2):
b1_x1, b1_y1, b1_x2, b1_y2 = box1[0], box1[1], box1[2], box1[3]
b2_x1, b2_y1, b2_x2, b2_y2 = box2[0], box2[1], box2[2], box2[3]
# Intersection area
inter_area = (min(b1_x2, b2_x2) - max(b1_x1, b2_x1)) * \
(min(b1_y2, b2_y2) - max(b1_y1, b2_y1))
# Union Area
w1, h1 = b1_x2 - b1_x1, b1_y2 - b1_y1
w2, h2 = b2_x2 - b2_x1, b2_y2 - b2_y1
union_area = (w1 * h1 + 1e-16) + w2 * h2 - inter_area
return inter_area / union_area
def bbox_iou(box1, box2):
# format box1: x1,y1,x2,y2
# format box2: a1,b1,a2,b2
x1, y1, x2, y2 = box1
a1, b1, a2, b2 = box2
i_left_top_x = max(a1, x1)
i_left_top_y = max(b1, y1)
i_bottom_right_x = min(a2, x2)
i_bottom_right_y = min(b2, y2)
intersection = (i_bottom_right_x - i_left_top_x) * (i_bottom_right_y -
i_left_top_y)
area_two_box = (x2 - x1) * (y2 - y1) + (a2 - a1) * (b2 - b1)
return intersection * 1.0 / (area_two_box - intersection)
def restrictCoords(width, height, x, y):
x = max(1, x)
y = max(1, y)
x = min(x, width)
y = min(y, height)
return x, y
if __name__ == "__main__":
total_cow_num = 0
root_dir = "./data/videoAndLabel"
reid_dst_path = "./data/reid"
done_dir = "./data/done"
txt_list = glob.glob(os.path.join(root_dir, "*.txt"))
video_list = glob.glob(os.path.join(root_dir, "*.mp4"))
for i in range(len(txt_list)):
txt_path = txt_list[i]
video_path = video_list[i]
print("processing:", video_path)
if not os.path.exists(txt_path):
continue
video_name = os.path.basename(video_path).split('.')[0]
video_frame_save_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(video_path),
video_name)
f_txt = open(txt_path, "r")
width, height = preprocessVideo(video_path)
print("done")
# video_cow_id = video_name + str(total_cow_num)
for line in f_txt.readlines():
bboxes = line.split(',')
ids = []
frame_id = int(bboxes[0])
box_list = []
if frame_id % 30 != 0:
continue
num_object = int(bboxes[1])
for num_obj in range(num_object):
# obj = 0, 1, 2
obj_id = bboxes[1 + (num_obj) * 6 + 1]
obj_x1 = int(bboxes[1 + (num_obj) * 6 + 2])
obj_y1 = int(bboxes[1 + (num_obj) * 6 + 3])
obj_x2 = int(bboxes[1 + (num_obj) * 6 + 4])
obj_y2 = int(bboxes[1 + (num_obj) * 6 + 5])
box_list.append([obj_x1, obj_y1, obj_x2, obj_y2])
# process coord
obj_x1, obj_y1 = restrictCoords(width, height, obj_x1, obj_y1)
obj_x2, obj_y2 = restrictCoords(width, height, obj_x2, obj_y2)
specific_object_name = video_name + "_" + obj_id
# mkdir for reid dataset
id_dir = os.path.join(reid_dst_path, specific_object_name)
if not os.path.exists(id_dir):
os.makedirs(id_dir)
# save pic
img = extractVideoImgs(frame_id, video_frame_save_path,
(obj_x1, obj_y1, obj_x2, obj_y2))
print(type(img))
if img is None or img.shape[0] == 0 or img.shape[1] == 0:
print(specific_object_name + " is empty")
continue
# print(frame_id)
img = cv2.resize(img, (256, 256))
normalizedImg = np.zeros((256, 256))
img = cv2.normalize(img, normalizedImg, 0, 255,
cv2.NORM_MINMAX)
cv2.imwrite(
os.path.join(id_dir, "%s_%d.jpg") %
(specific_object_name, frame_id), img)
max_w = width - 256
max_h = height - 256
# 随机选取左上角坐标
select_x = random.randint(1, max_w)
select_y = random.randint(1, max_h)
rand_box = [select_x, select_y, select_x + 256, select_y + 256]
# 背景图保存位置
bg_dir = os.path.join(reid_dst_path, "bg")
if not os.path.exists(bg_dir):
os.makedirs(bg_dir)
iou_list = []
for idx in range(len(box_list)):
cow_box = box_list[idx]
iou = bbox_iou(cow_box, rand_box)
iou_list.append(iou)
# print("iou list:" , iou_list)
if np.array(iou_list).all() < 0:
img = extractVideoImgs(frame_id, video_frame_save_path,
rand_box)
if img is None:
print(specific_object_name + "is empty")
continue
normalizedImg = np.zeros((256, 256))
img = cv2.normalize(img, normalizedImg, 0, 255,
cv2.NORM_MINMAX)
cv2.imwrite(
os.path.join(bg_dir, "bg_%s_%d.jpg") %
(video_name, frame_id), img)
f_txt.close()
postprocess(video_frame_save_path)
shutil.move(video_path, done_dir)
shutil.move(txt_path, done_dir)
数据集配套代码在： https://github.com/pprp/reid_for_deepsort" target="_blank">https://github.com/pprp/reid_for_deepsort
3. DarkLabel转MOT16格式
其实DarkLabel标注得到信息和MOT16是几乎一致的，只不过需要转化一下，脚本如下：
import os
'''
gt.txt:
---------
frame(从1开始计), id, box(left top w, h),ignore=1(不忽略), class=1(从1开始),覆盖=1),
1,1,1363,569,103,241,1,1,0.86014
2,1,1362,568,103,241,1,1,0.86173
3,1,1362,568,103,241,1,1,0.86173
4,1,1362,568,103,241,1,1,0.86173
cutout24_gt.txt
---
frame(从0开始计), 数量, id(从0开始), box(x1,y1,x2,y2), class=null
0,4,0,450,194,558,276,null,1,408,147,469,206,null,2,374,199,435,307,null,3,153,213,218,314,null
1,4,0,450,194,558,276,null,1,408,147,469,206,null,2,374,199,435,307,null,3,153,213,218,314,null
2,4,0,450,194,558,276,null,1,408,147,469,206,null,2,374,199,435,307,null,3,153,213,218,314,null
'''
def xyxy2xywh(x):
# Convert bounding box format from [x1, y1, x2, y2] to [x, y, w, h]
# y = torch.zeros_like(x) if isinstance(x,
# torch.Tensor) else np.zeros_like(x)
y = [0, 0, 0, 0]
y[0] = (x[0] + x[2]) / 2
y[1] = (x[1] + x[3]) / 2
y[2] = x[2] - x[0]
y[3] = x[3] - x[1]
return y
def process_darklabel(video_label_path, mot_label_path):
f = open(video_label_path, "r")
f_o = open(mot_label_path, "w")
contents = f.readlines()
for line in contents:
line = line[:-1]
num_list = [num for num in line.split(',')]
frame_id = int(num_list[0]) + 1
total_num = int(num_list[1])
base = 2
for i in range(total_num):
print(base, base + i * 6, base + i * 6 + 4)
_id = int(num_list[base + i * 6]) + 1
_box_x1 = int(num_list[base + i * 6 + 1])
_box_y1 = int(num_list[base + i * 6 + 2])
_box_x2 = int(num_list[base + i * 6 + 3])
_box_y2 = int(num_list[base + i * 6 + 4])
y = xyxy2xywh([_box_x1, _box_y1, _box_x2, _box_y2])
write_line = "%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,1,1,1\n" % (frame_id, _id, y[0],
y[1], y[2], y[3])
f_o.write(write_line)
f.close()
f_o.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
root_dir = "./data/videosample"
for item in os.listdir(root_dir):
full_path = os.path.join(root_dir, item)
video_path = os.path.join(full_path, item+".mp4")
video_label_path = os.path.join(full_path, item + "_gt.txt")
mot_label_path = os.path.join(full_path, "gt.txt")
process_darklabel(video_label_path, mot_label_path)
以上就是DarkLabel转各种数据集格式的脚本了，DarkLabel还是非常方便的，可以快速构建自己的数据集。通常两分钟的视频可以生成2880张之多的图片，但是在目标检测中并不推荐将所有的图片都作为训练集，因为前后帧之间差距太小了，几乎是一模一样的。这种数据会导致训练速度很慢、泛化能力变差。
有两种解决方案：
- 可以选择隔几帧选取一帧作为数据集，比如每隔10帧作为数据集。具体选择多少作为间隔还是具体问题具体分析，如果视频中变化目标变化较快，可以适当缩短间隔；如果视频中大部分都是静止对象，可以适当增大间隔。
- 还有一种更好的方案是：对原视频用ffmpeg提取关键帧，将关键帧的内容作为数据集。关键帧和关键帧之间的差距比较大，适合作为目标检测数据集。
代码改变世界
