这篇演示endianness格式相同的跨操作系统的迁移,测试环境如下:
Source 端:
操作系统: OracleLinux 6.1 32位
endianness格式: little
数据库版本:11.2.0.3
Target 端:
操作系统:OracleLinux 6.1 64位
endianness 格式: little
数据库版本:11.2.0.3
1. 查看endianness格式
查看endianness 格式,可以使用如下命令:
SQL> col platform_name for a40
SQL> SELECT * FROM V$TRANSPORTABLE_PLATFORM ORDER BY PLATFORM_NAME;
PLATFORM_ID PLATFORM_NAME ENDIAN_FORMAT
--------------------------------------------------- --------------
6 AIX-Based Systems (64-bit) Big
16 Apple Mac OS Big
21 Apple Mac OS (x86-64) Little
19 HP IA Open VMS Little
15 HP Open VMS Little
5 HP Tru64 UNIX Little
3 HP-UX (64-bit) Big
4 HP-UX IA (64-bit) Big
18 IBM Power Based Linux Big
9 IBM zSeries Based Linux Big
10 Linux IA (32-bit) Little
PLATFORM_ID PLATFORM_NAME ENDIAN_FORMAT
--------------------------------------------------- --------------
11 Linux IA (64-bit) Little
13 Linux x86 64-bit Little
7 Microsoft Windows IA (32-bit) Little
8 Microsoft Windows IA (64-bit) Little
12 Microsoft Windows x86 64-bit Little
17 Solaris Operating System (x86) Little
20 Solaris Operating System (x86-64) Little
1 Solaris[tm] OE (32-bit) Big
2 Solaris[tm] OE (64-bit) Big
20 rows selected.
从上面的查询结果来看,基本都是little 类型的endianness,
或者:
SQL> SELECT d.PLATFORM_NAME,ENDIAN_FORMAT
2 FROM V$TRANSPORTABLE_PLATFORMtp, V$DATABASE d
3 WHERE tp.PLATFORM_NAME =d.PLATFORM_NAME;
PLATFORM_NAME ENDIAN_FORMAT
------------------------------------------------------
Linux IA (32-bit) Little
SQL> SELECT d.PLATFORM_NAME,ENDIAN_FORMAT
2 FROM V$TRANSPORTABLE_PLATFORMtp, V$DATABASE d
3 WHERE tp.PLATFORM_NAME =d.PLATFORM_NAME;
PLATFORM_NAME ENDIAN_FORMAT
------------------------------------------------------
Linux x86 64-bit Little
2. Source上创建测试表空间
这里创建表空间,并在该表空间上创建几个自包含的对象,即对象的内容都在这个表空间里,和其他表空间没有关联。
SQL> select tablespace_name,status fromdba_tablespaces;
TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS
------------------------------ ---------
SYSTEM ONLINE
SYSAUX ONLINE
UNDOTBS1 ONLINE
TEMP ONLINE
USERS ONLINE
SQL> select file_name fromdba_data_files;
FILE_NAME
---------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/anqing/users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/anqing/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/anqing/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/anqing/system01.dbf
--创建表空间
SQL> create tablespace anqing datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/anqing/anqing01.dbf'size 50M;
Tablespace created.
--创建用户,并指定表空间
SQL> create user anqing identified byanqing default tablespace anqing temporary tablespace temp;
User created.
SQL> grant connect,resource to anqing;
Grant succeeded.
--创建表:
SQL> conn anqing/anqing;
Connected.
SQL> create table anqing as select * fromall_objects;
Table created.
3. 在两端创建backup 的目录
使用数据泵之前,需要创建一个存放文件的目录。 这个目录要写入Oracle的数据字典中才能识别。
SQL> create directory backup as'/u01/backup';
Directory created.
SQL> col owner format a5
SQL> col directory_name format a25
SQL> select * from dba_directories;
4. 检查表空间自包含
SQL> execute dbms_tts.transport_set_check('anqing', TRUE);
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
--查看自包含验证结果:
SQL> select * fromtransport_set_violations;
no rows selected
--如果不符合规定的,这里会显示的相关的信息。比如:
SQL> select * fromtransport_set_violations;
VIOLATIONS
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORA-39917: 可插入集内不允许使用 SYS 拥有的对象 ANQING (在表空间 ANQING 中)
5. 将表空间设置成read-only
SQL>alter tablespace anqing read only;
Tablespacealtered.
SQL>select tablespace_name,status from dba_tablespaces;
TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS
---------------------------------------
SYSTEM ONLINE
SYSAUX ONLINE
UNDOTBS1 ONLINE
TEMP ONLINE
USERS ONLINE
ANQING READ ONLY
6 rowsselected.
6. 生成:TransportableTablespace Set
一个完成的Transportable tablespace set 由2部分组成,expdp 导出的表空间的metadata,还有就是表空间对应的数据文件。
[oracle@tianlesoftware u01]$ expdp dumpfile=anqing.dmp directory=backup transport_tablespaces=anqing transport_full_check=y logfile=anqing.log
Export: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production onMon Feb 27 17:44:32 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or itsaffiliates. All rights reserved.
Username: / as sysdba
Connected to: Oracle Database 11gEnterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Miningand Real Application Testing options
Starting"SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01": /******** AS SYSDBA dumpfile=anqing.dmpdirectory=backup transport_tablespaces=anqing transport_full_check=ylogfile=anqing.log
Processing object typeTRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/PLUGTS_BLK
Processing object typeTRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE
Processing object typeTRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/POST_INSTANCE/PLUGTS_BLK
Master table"SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01" successfullyloaded/unloaded
******************************************************************************
Dump file set forSYS.SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01 is:
/u01/backup/anqing.dmp
******************************************************************************
Datafiles required for transportabletablespace ANQING:
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/anqing/anqing01.dbf
Job"SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01" successfully completedat 17:45:41
[oracle@tianlesoftware u01]$
7. 将Transportable Tablespace set 传送到Target端
(1)将表空间anqing 对应的数据文件copy到Target 对应的ORADATA目录下。
(2)将expdp 导出的表空间metadta 数据copy 到Target 端的backup 目录下
[oracle@tianlesoftware backup]$ scp anqing.dmp 192.168.3.201:/u01/backup
oracle@192.168.3.201's password:
anqing.dmp 100% 104KB 104.0KB/s 00:00
[oracle@tianlesoftware anqing]$ scp anqing01.dbf 192.168.3.201:/u02/app/oracle/oradata/anqing
oracle@192.168.3.201's password:
anqing01.dbf 100% 50MB 16.7MB/s 00:03
8.在Target 系统上Import 表空间的metadata
--这里创建一个用户,然后remap_schema:
SQL> create user dave identified bydave;
User created.
SQL> grant connect,resource to dave;
Grant succeeded.
rac1:/u02/app/oracle/oradata/anqing>impdp directory=backup dumpfile=anqing.dmp transport_datafiles=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/anqing/anqing01.dbf remap_schema=anqing:dave logfile=anqing.log
Import: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production onMon Feb 27 17:51:49 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or itsaffiliates. All rights reserved.
Username: / as sysdba
Connected to: Oracle Database 11gEnterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Miningand Real Application Testing options
Master table"SYS"."SYS_IMPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01" successfullyloaded/unloaded
Starting"SYS"."SYS_IMPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01": /******** AS SYSDBA directory=backupdumpfile=anqing.dmptransport_datafiles=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/anqing/anqing01.dbfremap_schema=anqing:dave logfile=anqing.log
Processing object typeTRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/PLUGTS_BLK
Processing object typeTRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE
Processing object typeTRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/POST_INSTANCE/PLUGTS_BLK
Job"SYS"."SYS_IMPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01" successfully completedat 17:52:18
注意:
(1)这里transport_datafiles 写的是datafile的全路径, 也可以用transport_datafiles来对数据文件进行重命名和移动位置。
(2)如果文件很多,也可以写入个配置文件里。 导入时通过PARFILE参数来指定。
9.查看并修改表空间状态
SQL> select tablespace_name,status from dba_tablespaces;
TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS
------------------------------ ---------
SYSTEM ONLINE
SYSAUX ONLINE
UNDOTBS1 ONLINE
TEMP ONLINE
USERS ONLINE
ANQING READ ONLY
6 rows selected.
至此,Source 和 Target 端都是read only 状态,修改2个表空间的状态:
SQL> alter tablespace anqing read write;
Tablespace altered.
SQL> select tablespace_name,status from dba_tablespaces;
TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS
------------------------------ ---------
SYSTEM ONLINE
SYSAUX ONLINE
UNDOTBS1 ONLINE
TEMP ONLINE
USERS ONLINE
ANQING ONLINE
6 rows selected.
10. 验证TTS
在Target 端查询我们之前创建的表:
SQL> conn dave/dave;
Connected.
SQL> select count(*) from anqing;
COUNT(*)
----------
56281
数据已经迁移过来,TTS 操作完成。
小结:
1. 我们之前的表空间对应的是anqing 用户,在TTS 过程中,我们remap 到了dave 用户下。
2. DB 版本相同,time zone version 相同,如果time zone 不同,就会遇到ORA-39322的错误。
3. 虽然这里测试的是32位linux 到64位linux,但是他们对应的endianness值相同,所以这里不需要进行endianness的转换。
MOS 上的相关链接:
10g : Transportable Tablespaces AcrossDifferent Platforms [ID 243304.1]
How to Move Tablespaces Across PlatformsUsing Transportable Tablespaces With RMAN [ID 371556.1]
PS:
原先设计的是windows 64到linux 64的TTS,结果2端time zoneversion 不一致,导致imp 报错,本本上暂时也没有64位的11.2.0.3的安装介质,下载又巨慢,4.7G。 就改成linux 32到linux 64了。
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