Quartz介绍
任务调度框架“Quartz”是OpenSymphony开源组织在Job scheduling领域又一个开源项目,是完全由java开发的一个开源的任务日程管理系统,
“任务进度管理器”就是一个在预先确定(被纳入日程)的时间到达时,负责执行(或者通知)其他软件组件的系统。
简单来说就是实现“计划(或定时)任务”的系统,例如:订单下单后未付款,15分钟后自动撤消订单,并自动解锁锁定的商品
Quartz的触发器
触发器用来告诉调度程序作业什么时候触发。框架提供了5种触发器类型,但两个最常用的SimpleTrigger和CronTrigger。
五种类型的Trigger(定时器)
SimpleTrigger,CronTirgger,DateIntervalTrigger,NthIncludedDayTrigger和Calendar类( org.quartz.Calendar)。
场景:
SimpleTrigger:执行N次,重复N次
CronTrigger:几秒 几分 几时 哪日 哪月 哪周 哪年,执行
存储方式
RAMJobStore(内存作业存储类型)和JDBCJobStore(数据库作业存储类型),两种方式对比如下:
RAMJobStore
不要外部数据库,配置容易,运行速度快 因为调度程序信息是存储在被分配给JVM的内存里面,所以,当应用程序停止运行时,所有调度信息将被丢失。另外因为存储到JVM内存里面,所以可以存储多少个Job和Trigger将会受到限制
JDBCJobStor
支持集群,因为所有的任务信息都会保存 运行速度的快慢取决与连接数据库的快慢 到数据库中,可以控制事物,还有就是如果应用服务器关闭或者重启,任务信息都不会丢失,并且可以恢复因服务器关闭或者重启而导致执行失败的任务
图解quartz工作流程
quartz相关表达式
在线生成表达式网址:http://cron.qqe2.com/
导入pom依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
<artifactId>quartz-jobs</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>
Quartz简单触发器 SimpleTrigger介绍
每次执行 * 长时间,每次间隔 * 长时间
package com.wsy.quartz01.demo;
import com.wsy.quartz01.job.RamJob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
/**
* @author干的漂亮
* @site www.wangmage.com
* @company 干得漂亮公司
* @create 2019 - 11-14 22:09
*/
public class demo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
// schedule jobDetail trigger
SchedulerFactory factory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler scheduler = factory.getScheduler();
JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(RamJob.class)
.withIdentity("job1","group1")
.withDescription("这是第一quartz定时任务")
.build();
Trigger trigger = (Trigger) TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
.withSchedule(SimpleScheduleBuilder.repeatSecondlyForTotalCount(3,6))
.withIdentity("triggerl","group1")
.withDescription("this is a trigger")
.build();
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
scheduler.start();
}
}
RamJob
package com.wsy.quartz01.job;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobDataMap;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
/**
* @author干的漂亮
* @site www.wangmage.com
* @company 干得漂亮公司
* @create 2019 - 11-14 22:04
*/
public class RamJob implements Job {
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
System.out.println("quartz定时任务启动");
JobDataMap jobDataMap = jobExecutionContext.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap();
System.out.println(jobDataMap.get("name") + "" + jobDataMap.get("job") + "" + jobDataMap.get("job2"));
}
}
demo2 定点执行
package com.wsy.quartz01.demo;
import com.wsy.quartz01.job.RamJob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
/**
* @author干的漂亮
* @site www.wangmage.com
* @company 干得漂亮公司
* @create 2019 - 11-14 22:10
*讲解表达式触发器(定时定点,无限循环执行某一代码逻辑)
*/
public class demo2 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
SchedulerFactory factory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler scheduler = factory.getScheduler();
JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(RamJob.class)
.withIdentity("job2","group2")
.withDescription("这是第一quartz定时任务")
.build();
Trigger trigger = (Trigger) TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
// 定时定点执行
// .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0 30 14 * * ?"))
//每6秒执行一次
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/6 * * * * ?"))
.withIdentity("trigger2","group2")
.withDescription("this is a trigger")
.build();
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
scheduler.start();
}
}
这是每6秒执行一次
demo3
package com.wsy.quartz01.demo;
import com.wsy.quartz01.job.RamJob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
/**
* @author干的漂亮
* @site www.wangmage.com
* @company 干得漂亮公司
* @create 2019 - 11-14 22:10
*/
public class demo3 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
// schedule jobDetail trigger
SchedulerFactory factory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler scheduler = factory.getScheduler();
JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(RamJob.class)
.withIdentity("job2","group2")
.withDescription("这是第一quartz定时任务")
.build();
String name = "WSY";
String level = "s2";
String job = "暂时淀粉";
JobDataMap jobDataMap = jobDetail.getJobDataMap();
jobDataMap.put("name",name);
jobDataMap.put("level",level);
jobDataMap.put("job",job);
Trigger trigger = (Trigger) TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
// 定点执行逻辑
// .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0 41 16 * * ?"))
// 每六秒循环执行
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/6 * * * * ?"))
.withIdentity("trigger2","group2")
.withDescription("this is a trigger")
.build();
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
scheduler.start();
}
}
Spring task Vs Quartz
Spring task
**优点:**无需整合spring,作业类中就可以调用业务service
**缺点:**单线程;不能做数据存储型的定时任务
Quartz
**优点:**多线程;可以做数据存储型的定时任务,维护性高;
**缺点:**需要整合spring,不能直接调用业务层service;
demo4
package com.wsy.quartz01.demo;
import com.wsy.quartz01.job.RamJob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
/**
* @author干的漂亮
* @site www.wangmage.com
* @company 干得漂亮公司
* @create 2019 - 11-14 22:10
*/
public class demo4 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
SchedulerFactory factory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler scheduler = factory.getScheduler();
JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(RamJob.class)
.withIdentity("job2","group2")
.withDescription("这是第一quartz定时任务")
.build();
Trigger trigger = (Trigger) TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
//
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/10 * * * * ?"))
.withIdentity("trigger2","group2")
.withDescription("this is a trigger")
.build();
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
scheduler.start();
}
}
RamJob
package com.wsy.quartz01.job;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* @author干的漂亮
* @site www.wangmage.com
* @company 干得漂亮公司
* @create 2019 - 11-14 22:04
*/
public class RamJob implements Job {
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
// System.out.println("quartz定时任务启动");
// JobDataMap jobDataMap = jobExecutionContext.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap();
// System.out.println(jobDataMap.get("name") + "" + jobDataMap.get("level") + "" + jobDataMap.get("job"));
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
System.err.println("quartz task启动。。。"+format.format(new Date()));
try {
Thread.sleep(2*1000);
System.out.println("模拟处理大数据量业务操作。。。");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Quartz01Application
package com.wsy.quartz01;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
@EnableScheduling
@SpringBootApplication
public class Quartz01Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Quartz01Application.class, args);
}
}