oracle在unix中的环境变量

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aoerqilengbai 2021-09-08 09:17:45 博主文章分类：oracle管理

文章标签 环境变量 oracle sed ide linux 文章分类 Oracle 数据库

?代表oracle_home @代表oracle_sid
查看环境变量env| more

oracle使用的变量

Table 1-1 OracleDatabase Environment Variables

Variable	Detail	Definition
NLS_LANG	Function	Specifies the language, territory, and character set of the client environment. The character set specified by NLS_LANG must match the character set of the terminal or terminal emulator. The character set specified by NLS_LANG can be different from the database character set, in which case the character set is automatically converted. Refer to Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide for a list of values for this variable.
Syntax	language_territory.characterset
Example	french_france.we8dec
ORA_NLS10	Function	Specifies the directory where the language, territory, character set, and linguistic definition files are stored.
Syntax	directory_path
Example	$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data
ORA_TZFILE	Function	Specifies the full path and file name of the time zone file. You must set this environment variable if you want to use the small time zone file ($ORACLE_HOME/oracore/zoneinfo/timezone.dat) for data in the database. Oracle Database 10g uses the large time zone file by default ($ORACLE_HOME/oracore/zoneinfo/timezlrg.dat). This file contains information about more time zones than the small time zone file. All databases that share information must use the same time zone file. You must stop and restart the database if you change the value of this environment variable.
Syntax	directory_path
Example	$ORACLE_HOME/oracore/zoneinfo/timezlrg.dat
ORACLE_BASE	Function	Specifies the base of the Oracle directory structure for Optimal Flexible Architecture (OFA) compliant installations.
Syntax	directory_path
Example	/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME	Function	Specifies the directory containing the Oracle software.
Syntax	directory_path
Example	$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1
ORACLE_PATH	Function	Specifies the search path for files used by Oracle applications such as SQL*Plus. If the full path to the file is not specified, or if the file is not in the current directory, then the Oracle application usesORACLE_PATH to locate the file.
Syntax	Colon-separated list of directories: directory1:directory2:directory3
Example	/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin:. Note: The period adds the current working directory to the search path.
ORACLE_SID	Function	Specifies the Oracle system identifier.
Syntax	A string of numbers and letters that must begin with a letter. Oracle recommends a maximum of 8 characters for system identifiers. For more information about this environment variable, refer toOracle Database Installation Guide for Linux x86.
Example	SAL1
ORACLE_TRACE	Function	Enables the tracing of shell scripts during an installation. If it is set toT, then many Oracle shell scripts use the set -x command, which prints commands and their arguments as they are run. If it is set to any other value, or no value, then the scripts do not use theset -x command.
Syntax	T or not T
Example	T
ORAENV_ASK	Function	Controls whether the oraenv orcoraenv script prompts or does not prompt for the value of theORACLE_SID environment variable. If it is set toNO, then the scripts do not prompt for the value of theORACLE_SID environment variable. If it is set to any other value, or no value, then the scripts prompt for a value for theORACLE_SID environment variable.
Syntax	NO or not NO
Example	NO
SQLPATH	Function	Specifies the directory or list of directories that SQL*Plus searches for alogin.sql file.
Syntax	Colon-separated list of directories: directory1:directory2:directory3
Example	/home:/home/oracle:/u01/oracle
TNS_ADMIN	Function	Specifies the directory containing the Oracle Net Services configuration files.
Syntax	directory_path
Example	$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
TWO_TASK	Function	Specifies the default connect identifier to use in the connect string. If this environment variable is set, then do not specify the connect identifier in the connect string. For example, if theTWO_TASK environment variable is set to sales, then you can connect to a database by using the CONNECT username/password command rather than theCONNECT username/password@sales command.
Syntax	Any connect identifier.
Range of Values	Any valid connect identifier that can be resolved by using a naming method, such as atnsnames.ora file or a directory server.
Example	PRODDB_TCP

unix上的环境变量

Table 1-2 EnvironmentVariables Used with Oracle Database

Variable	Detail	Definition
ADA_PATH (AIX only)	Function	Specifies the directory containing the Ada compiler.sm
Syntax	directory_path
Example	/usr/lpp/powerada
CLASSPATH	Function	Used with Java applications. The required setting for this variable depends on the Java application. Refer to the product documentation for your Java application for more information.
Syntax	Colon-separated list of directories or files: directory1:directory2:file1:file2
Example	There is no default setting. CLASSPATH must include the following directories: $ORACLE_HOME/JRE/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
DISPLAY	Function	Used by X-based tools. Specifies the display device used for input and output. Refer to the X Window System documentation for information.
Syntax	hostname:server[.screen] where hostname is the system name (either IP address or alias),server is the sequential code number for the server, andscreen is the sequential code number for the screen. If you use a single monitor, then use the value0 for both server and screen (0.0). Note: If you use a single monitor, then screen is optional.
Example	135.287.222.12:0.0 bambi:0
DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH (Mac OS X only)	Function	Specifies the list of directories that the shared library loader searches to locate shared object libraries at run time. See thedyld man page for information about this environment variable.
Syntax	Colon-separated list of directories: directory1:directory2:directory3
Example	/usr/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/lib
HOME	Function	The home directory of the user.
Syntax	directory_path
Example	/home/oracle
LANG orLANGUAGE	Function	Specifies the language and character set used by the operating system for messages and other output. Refer to the operating system documentation for more information. Note: This environment variable is not used on Apple Mac OS X.
LD_OPTIONS	Function	Specifies the default linker options. Refer to the ld man page for more information about this environment variable.
LPDEST (Solaris only)	Function	Specifies the name of the default printer.
Syntax	string
Example	docprinter
LD_LIBRARY_PATH (All platforms except AIX and Mac OS X.)	Function	Specifies the list of directories that the shared library loader searches to locate shared object libraries at run time. Refer to theld man page for information about this environment variable. On HP-UX, specifies the path for 64-bit shared libraries.
Syntax	Colon-separated list of directories: directory1:directory2:directory3
Example	/usr/dt/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH_64 (SPARC systems only)	Function	Specifies the list of directories that the shared library loader searches to locate specific 64-bit shared object libraries at run time. Refer to theld man page for information about this environment variable.
Syntax	Colon separated list of directories: directory1:directory2:directory3
Example	/usr/dt/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/lib64
LIBPATH (AIX only)	Function	Specifies the list of directories that the shared library loader searches to locate shared object libraries at run time. Refer to theld man page for information about this environment variable.
Syntax	Colon-separated list of directories: directory1:directory2:directory3
Example	/usr/dt/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/lib
PATH	Function	Used by the shell to locate executable programs; must include the$ORACLE_HOME/bin directory.
Syntax	Colon-separated list of directories: directory1:directory2:directory3
Example	/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin/X11:$ORACLE_HOME/bin: $HOME/bin:. Note: The period adds the current working directory to the search path.
PRINTER	Function	Specifies the name of the default printer.
Syntax	string
Example	docprinter
SHLIB_PATH (HP-UX 32-bit libraries only)	Function	Specifies the list of directories that the shared library loader searches to locate shared object libraries at run time. Refer to theld man page for information about this environment variable.
Syntax	Colon-separated list of directories: directory1:directory2:directory3
Example	/usr/dt/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/lib32
TEMP,TMP, and TMPDIR	Function	Specifies the default directories for temporary files; if set, tools that create temporary files create them in one of these directories.
Syntax	directory_path
Example	/u02/oracle/tmp
XENVIRONMENT	Function	Specifies a file containing X Window System resource definitions. Refer to the X Window System documentation for more information.

db_block_size，在linux上最大值是16KB,在aix，hp-ux和tru64上是32KB
asm_diskstring的值

Table 1-3 Default Values of the ASM_DISKSTRING Initialization Parameter

Platform	Default Search String
AIX	`/dev/rhdisk*`
HP-UX	`/dev/rdsk/*`
Linux	`/dev/raw/*`
Mac OS X	`/dev/rdiskss1`
Solaris	`/dev/rdsk/*`
Tru64 UNIX	`/dev/rdisk/*`

log_archive_dest_n参数

The maximum value that you can set for ASYNC in the LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n initialization parameter differs on UNIX platforms as listed in the following table.

Platform	Maximum Value
zSeries Linux	12800
HP-UX and Tru64 UNIX	51200
Other operating systems	102400

oracle的用户组

Table 1-4 Operating System Groups

Group	Typical Name	Description
OSDBA	`dba`	Operating system accounts that are members of the OSDBA group have special database privileges. Members of this group can connect to the database using the SYSDBA privilege. The Oracle software owner is the only required member of this group. You can add other accounts as required.
OSOPER	`oper`	The OSOPER group is an optional group. Operating system accounts that are members of the OSOPER group have special database privileges. Members of this group can connect to the database using the SYSOPER privilege.
Oracle Inventory	`oinstall`	All users installing Oracle software must belong to the same operating system group. This group is called the Oracle Inventory group. It must be the primary group of the Oracle software owner during installations. After the installation, this group owns all the Oracle files installed on the system.