如果本机安装了python2,尽量不要管他,使用python3运行python脚本就好,因为可能有程序依赖目前的python2环境
比如 yum!!!!!
不要动现有的python2环境!
一、安装Python3.6
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ctenos安装依赖环境
# yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel
如果报错:
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_ctypes’
请安装:
yum -y install libffi-develUbuntu环境依赖
如果Ubuntu出现以下错误:zipimport.ZipImportError: can’t decompress data; zlib not available
make: *** [install] Error 1可通过以下命令解决
sudo apt-get install -y make build-essential libssl-dev zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev wget curl llvm libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev xz-utils tk-dev
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下载Python3
https://www.python.org/downloads/# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.1/Python-3.6.1.tgz
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安装Python3
我个人习惯安装在/usr/local/python3(具体安装位置看个人喜好)
创建目录:mkdir -p /usr/local/python3
解压下载好的Python-3.x.x.tgz包(具体包名因你下载的Python具体版本不不同⽽而不不同,如:我下载的是Python3.6.1.那我这里就是Python-3.6.1.tgz)
tar -zxvf Python-3.6.1.tgz
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进入解压后的目录,编译安装
cd Python-3.6.1 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3
make
make
make install
make install 或者 make && make install
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建立python3的软链
# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3
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并将/usr/local/python3/bin加入PATH
# vim ~/.bash_profile # .bash_profile # Get the aliases and functions if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then . ~/.bashrc fi # User specific environment and startup programs PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/python3/bin export PATH
按ESC,输入:wq回车退出, 修改完记得执行行下面的命令,让上一步的修改生效:
source ~/.bash_profile
检查Python3及pip3是否正常可用:
# python3 -V Python 3.6.1 # pip3 -V pip 9.0.1 from /usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages (python 3.6)
不行的话在创建一下pip3的软链接(我也不清楚这一步有什么用)
# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3
二、安装pip以及setuptools
毕竟丰富的第三方库是python的优势所在,为了更加方便的安装第三方库,使用pip命令,我们需要进行相应的安装。
1. 安装pip前需要前置安装setuptools
命令如下:
wget --no-check-certificate https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/setuptools/setuptools-19.6.tar.gz#md5=c607dd118eae682c44ed146367a17e26
tar -zxvf setuptools-19.6.tar.gz
cd setuptools-19.6
python3 setup.py build
python3 setup.py install
如果前面没布置好环境的话,就要苦逼一下了:
报错: RuntimeError: Compression requires the (missing) zlib module
我们需要在linux中安装zlib-devel包,进行支持。
yum install zlib-devel
需要对python3.5进行重新编译安装。
cd python3.6.1
make && make install
又是漫长的编译安装过程。
重新安装 setuptools
python3 setup.py build
python3 setup.py install
2、安装pip
命令如下:
wget --no-check-certificate https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/pip/pip-8.0.2.tar.gz#md5=3a73c4188f8dbad6a1e6f6d44d117eeb
tar -zxvf pip-8.0.2.tar.gz
cd pip-8.0.2
python3 setup.py build
python3 setup.py install
如果没有意外的话,pip安装完成。
如果没有搞好环境的话,会碰见亲切的报错:
pip3 install paramiko
报这个错
pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
然后开始进行如下操作
yum install openssl
yum install openssl-devel
cd python3.6.1
make && make install
如果报出:
You are using pip version 9.0.1, however version 18.0 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.
解决方法:
直接运行命令:
python -m pip install --upgrade pip
參考:https://www.cnblogs.com/kimyeee/p/7250560.html