web.xml文件，放在WEB-INF目录下。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
                      http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
	version="3.1" metadata-complete="true">

	<servlet>
		<!--配置前端过滤器 -->
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<!--用于加载客户端向服务器发送的请求 -->
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<!--加载初始化配置文件  -->
		<init-param>
			<!--固定的配置文件名  -->
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<!-- 我们的配置文件所在的位置 -->
			<param-value>classpath:springmvc-config.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<!-- 容器启动的时候立即加载Servlet -->
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<!-- 拦截URL，交给DispatcherServlet -->
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

spring-config配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

	<!--配置处理器handle，映射/ /firstController请求-->
	<bean name="/firstController"
		class="com.student.controller.FirstController"></bean>
	<!-- 处理器映射器，BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping对/firstController进行查找 -->
	<bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"></bean>
	<!-- 处理器适配器，SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter，对FristController中的handleRequest（）方法进行调用 -->
	<bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"></bean>
	<!-- 解析模型和视图返回的对象 -->
	<bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"></bean>
</beans>

测试类FirstController：

package com.student.controller;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;


public class FirstController implements Controller {

	@Override
	public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
		modelAndView.addObject("msg", " 这是善文爸爸的第一个MVC程序！！ ");
		modelAndView.setViewName("/WEB-INF/jsp/first.jsp");
		return modelAndView;
	}
}

first.jsp文件

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>MVC入门程序</title>
</head>
<body>
	${msg} 
</body>
</html>

运行结果：
Spring MVC的第一个简单程序_java