Qt-使用QSerialPort实现串口通信
代码实例：
.pro
1 QT += core gui
2 QT += serialport
3
4 greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets
5
6 CONFIG += c++11
7
8 # The following define makes your compiler emit warnings if you use
9 # any Qt feature that has been marked deprecated (the exact warnings
10 # depend on your compiler). Please consult the documentation of the
11 # deprecated API in order to know how to port your code away from it.
12 DEFINES += QT_DEPRECATED_WARNINGS
13
14 # You can also make your code fail to compile if it uses deprecated APIs.
15 # In order to do so, uncomment the following line.
16 # You can also select to disable deprecated APIs only up to a certain version of Qt.
17 #DEFINES += QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000 # disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0
18
19 SOURCES += \
20 main.cpp \
21 mainwindow.cpp
22
23 HEADERS += \
24 mainwindow.h
25
26 FORMS += \
27 mainwindow.ui
28
29 # Default rules for deployment.
30 qnx: target.path = /tmp/$${TARGET}/bin
31 else: unix:!android: target.path = /opt/$${TARGET}/bin
32 !isEmpty(target.path): INSTALLS += target
main.cpp
1 #include "mainwindow.h"
2
3 #include <QApplication>
4
5 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
6 {
7 QApplication a(argc, argv);
8 MainWindow w;
9 w.show();
10 return a.exec();
11 }
mainwindow.h
1 #ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
2 #define MAINWINDOW_H
3
4 #include <QMainWindow>
5 #include <QMessageBox>
6
7 #include <QSerialPort> //提供访问串口的功能
8 #include <QSerialPortInfo> //提供系统中存在的串口的信息
9
10 QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
11 namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
12 QT_END_NAMESPACE
13
14 class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
15 {
16 Q_OBJECT
17
18 public:
19 MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
20 ~MainWindow();
21
22 private slots:
23 void on_pushButton_2_clicked();
24
25 void on_pushButton_clicked();
26 void on_serialPortRead();// 串口读取
27 void on_pushButton_3_clicked();
28
29 void on_pushButton_4_clicked();
30
31 void on_pushButton_5_clicked();
32
33 private:
34 Ui::MainWindow *ui;
35 // 串口
36 QSerialPort *m_pSerial;
37 };
38 #endif // MAINWINDOW_H
mainwindow.cpp
1 #include "mainwindow.h"
2 #include "ui_mainwindow.h"
3
4 MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
5 : QMainWindow(parent)
6 , ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
7 {
8 ui->setupUi(this);
9 //串口对象
10 m_pSerial = new QSerialPort(this);
11 }
12
13 MainWindow::~MainWindow()
14 {
15 delete ui;
16 }
17
18 void MainWindow::on_pushButton_2_clicked()
19 {
20 ui->textEdit->clear();
21 //通过QSerialPortInfo查找可用串口
22 foreach(const QSerialPortInfo &info, QSerialPortInfo::availablePorts())
23 {
24 ui->textEdit->append(info.portName());
25 }
26 }
27
28 void MainWindow::on_pushButton_clicked()
29 {
30 QString sCOMName = "COM%1";
31 sCOMName = sCOMName.arg(ui->lineEdit->text());
32 // //串口对象
33 // m_pSerial = new QSerialPort(this);
34 //设置串口名
35 m_pSerial->setPortName(sCOMName);
36 //设置波特率
37 m_pSerial->setBaudRate(115200);
38 //设置数据位数
39 m_pSerial->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data8);
40 //设置奇偶校验
41 m_pSerial->setParity(QSerialPort::NoParity);
42 //设置停止位
43 m_pSerial->setStopBits(QSerialPort::OneStop);
44 //设置流控制
45 m_pSerial->setFlowControl(QSerialPort::NoFlowControl);
46 //打开串口
47 if(!m_pSerial->open(QIODevice::ReadWrite))
48 {
49 QMessageBox::about(NULL, "提示", "无法打开串口！");
50 return;
51 }
52 connect(m_pSerial, &QSerialPort::readyRead, this, &MainWindow::on_serialPortRead);
53 }
54
55 void MainWindow::on_serialPortRead()
56 {
57 // 从接收缓冲区中读取数据
58 QByteArray buffer = m_pSerial->readAll();
59 // 重新显示
60 ui->textEdit_3->append(QString(buffer));
61 }
62
63 void MainWindow::on_pushButton_3_clicked()
64 {
65 //获取界面上的数据并转换成utf8格式的字节流
66 QByteArray data = ui->textEdit_2->toPlainText().toUtf8();
67 m_pSerial->write(data);
68 }
69
70 void MainWindow::on_pushButton_4_clicked()
71 {
72 if (m_pSerial->isOpen())
73 {
74 m_pSerial->close();
75 }
76 // delete m_pSerial;
77 }
78
79 void MainWindow::on_pushButton_5_clicked()
80 {
81 ui->textEdit->append(QString::number(m_pSerial->isOpen()));
82 }
mainwindow.ui
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <ui version="4.0"> 3 <class>MainWindow</class> 4 <widget name="MainWindow"> 5 <property name="geometry"> 6 <rect> 7 <x>0</x> 8 <y>0</y> 9 <width>449</width> 10 <height>314</height> 11 </rect> 12 </property> 13 <property name="windowTitle"> 14 <string>MainWindow</string> 15 </property> 16 <widget name="centralwidget"> 17 <widget name="pushButton"> 18 <property name="geometry"> 19 <rect> 20 <x>130</x> 21 <y>140</y> 22 <width>75</width> 23 <height>23</height> 24 </rect> 25 </property> 26 <property name="text"> 27 <string>打开串口</string> 28 </property> 29 </widget> 30 <widget name="pushButton_2"> 31 <property name="geometry"> 32 <rect> 33 <x>130</x> 34 <y>20</y> 35 <width>91</width> 36 <height>23</height> 37 </rect> 38 </property> 39 <property name="text"> 40 <string>显示所有串口</string> 41 </property> 42 </widget> 43 <widget name="pushButton_3"> 44 <property name="geometry"> 45 <rect> 46 <x>350</x> 47 <y>190</y> 48 <width>75</width> 49 <height>23</height> 50 </rect> 51 </property> 52 <property name="text"> 53 <string>写</string> 54 </property> 55 </widget> 56 <widget name="textEdit"> 57 <property name="geometry"> 58 <rect> 59 <x>10</x> 60 <y>20</y> 61 <width>111</width> 62 <height>111</height> 63 </rect> 64 </property> 65 </widget> 66 <widget name="lineEdit"> 67 <property name="geometry"> 68 <rect> 69 <x>10</x> 70 <y>140</y> 71 <width>111</width> 72 <height>20</height> 73 </rect> 74 </property> 75 </widget> 76 <widget name="textEdit_2"> 77 <property name="geometry"> 78 <rect> 79 <x>250</x> 80 <y>140</y> 81 <width>181</width> 82 <height>41</height> 83 </rect> 84 </property> 85 </widget> 86 <widget name="textEdit_3"> 87 <property name="geometry"> 88 <rect> 89 <x>250</x> 90 <y>20</y> 91 <width>181</width> 92 <height>111</height> 93 </rect> 94 </property> 95 </widget> 96 <widget name="label"> 97 <property name="geometry"> 98 <rect> 99 <x>250</x> 100 <y>0</y> 101 <width>54</width> 102 <height>12</height> 103 </rect> 104 </property> 105 <property name="text"> 106 <string>读取数据：</string> 107 </property> 108 </widget> 109 <widget name="pushButton_4"> 110 <property name="geometry"> 111 <rect> 112 <x>130</x> 113 <y>170</y> 114 <width>75</width> 115 <height>23</height> 116 </rect> 117 </property> 118 <property name="text"> 119 <string>关闭串口中</string> 120 </property> 121 </widget> 122 <widget name="pushButton_5"> 123 <property name="geometry"> 124 <rect> 125 <x>130</x> 126 <y>200</y> 127 <width>75</width> 128 <height>23</height> 129 </rect> 130 </property> 131 <property name="text"> 132 <string>是否打开</string> 133 </property> 134 </widget> 135 </widget> 136 <widget name="menubar"> 137 <property name="geometry"> 138 <rect> 139 <x>0</x> 140 <y>0</y> 141 <width>449</width> 142 <height>23</height> 143 </rect> 144 </property> 145 </widget> 146 <widget name="statusbar"/> 147 </widget> 148 <resources/> 149 <connections/> 150 </ui>
