微服务技术系列教程（04） - SpringBoot - 事务管理

原创

阿甘兄_ 2022-03-23 14:21:15 ©著作权

文章标签 mysql sql spring 文章分类 架构后端开发

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代码已上传到Github，有兴趣的同学可以下载来看看：https://github.com/ylw-github/SpringBoot-Transaction-Demo

1. SpringBoot事务管理

SpringBoot默认集成事务,只主要在方法上加上@Transactional即可

操作比较简单，此处不再详述

2. SpringBoot分布式事务管理

可以使用springboot+jta+atomikos 进行分布式事务管理，下面来详细介绍集成的步骤：

2.1 添加mave依赖

<parent>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
  <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
</parent>

<dependencies>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jta-atomikos</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  
  <!-- 测试 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
  
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.1</version>
  </dependency>
  
  <!-- mysql 依赖 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  
  <!-- springboot-web组件 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

2.2 配置application.properties

# Mysql 1
mysql.datasource.test1.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
mysql.datasource.test1.username = root
mysql.datasource.test1.password = 123456
mysql.datasource.test1.minPoolSize = 3
mysql.datasource.test1.maxPoolSize = 25
mysql.datasource.test1.maxLifetime = 20000
mysql.datasource.test1.borrowConnectionTimeout = 30
mysql.datasource.test1.loginTimeout = 30
mysql.datasource.test1.maintenanceInterval = 60
mysql.datasource.test1.maxIdleTime = 60



# Mysql 2
mysql.datasource.test2.url =jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test02?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
mysql.datasource.test2.username =root
mysql.datasource.test2.password =123456
mysql.datasource.test2.minPoolSize = 3
mysql.datasource.test2.maxPoolSize = 25
mysql.datasource.test2.maxLifetime = 20000
mysql.datasource.test2.borrowConnectionTimeout = 30
mysql.datasource.test2.loginTimeout = 30
mysql.datasource.test2.maintenanceInterval = 60
mysql.datasource.test2.maxIdleTime = 60

2.3 ConfigurationProperties

总共要写两个配置类DBConfig1和DBConfig2：

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "mysql.datasource.test1")
public class DBConfig1 {

  private String url;
  private String username;
  private String password;
  private int minPoolSize;
  private int maxPoolSize;
  private int maxLifetime;
  private int borrowConnectionTimeout;
  private int loginTimeout;
  private int maintenanceInterval;
  private int maxIdleTime;
  private String testQuery;
  //getter setter...

//DBConfig2///

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "mysql.datasource.test2")
public class DBConfig2 {

  private String url;
  private String username;
  private String password;
  private int minPoolSize;
  private int maxPoolSize;
  private int maxLifetime;
  private int borrowConnectionTimeout;
  private int loginTimeout;
  private int maintenanceInterval;
  private int maxIdleTime;
  private String testQuery;
  //getter setter...

2.4 配置数据源

配置的时候注意，每个扫描mapper的包位置不一致。

数据源1：

package com.ylw.datasource;

@Configuration
// basePackages 最好分开配置 如果放在同一个文件夹可能会报错
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.ylw.mapper.test01", sqlSessionTemplateRef = "testSqlSessionTemplate")
public class MyBatisConfig1 {

  // 配置数据源

  @Bean(name = "testDataSource")
  public DataSource testDataSource(DBConfig1 testConfig) throws SQLException {
    MysqlXADataSource mysqlXaDataSource = new MysqlXADataSource();
    mysqlXaDataSource.setUrl(testConfig.getUrl());
    mysqlXaDataSource.setPinGlobalTxToPhysicalConnection(true);
    mysqlXaDataSource.setPassword(testConfig.getPassword());
    mysqlXaDataSource.setUser(testConfig.getUsername());
    mysqlXaDataSource.setPinGlobalTxToPhysicalConnection(true);

    // 将本地事务注册到创 Atomikos全局事务
    AtomikosDataSourceBean xaDataSource = new AtomikosDataSourceBean();
    xaDataSource.setXaDataSource(mysqlXaDataSource);
    xaDataSource.setUniqueResourceName("testDataSource");

    xaDataSource.setMinPoolSize(testConfig.getMinPoolSize());
    xaDataSource.setMaxPoolSize(testConfig.getMaxPoolSize());
    xaDataSource.setMaxLifetime(testConfig.getMaxLifetime());
    xaDataSource.setBorrowConnectionTimeout(testConfig.getBorrowConnectionTimeout());
    xaDataSource.setLoginTimeout(testConfig.getLoginTimeout());
    xaDataSource.setMaintenanceInterval(testConfig.getMaintenanceInterval());
    xaDataSource.setMaxIdleTime(testConfig.getMaxIdleTime());
    xaDataSource.setTestQuery(testConfig.getTestQuery());
    return xaDataSource;
  }

  @Bean(name = "testSqlSessionFactory")
  public SqlSessionFactory testSqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("testDataSource") DataSource dataSource)
      throws Exception {
    SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
    bean.setDataSource(dataSource);
    return bean.getObject();
  }

  @Bean(name = "testSqlSessionTemplate")
  public SqlSessionTemplate testSqlSessionTemplate(
      @Qualifier("testSqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) throws Exception {
    return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
  }
}

数据源2：

@Configuration
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.ylw.mapper.test02", sqlSessionTemplateRef = "test2SqlSessionTemplate")
public class MyBatisConfig2 {

  // 配置数据源
  @Bean(name = "test2DataSource")
  public DataSource testDataSource(DBConfig2 testConfig) throws SQLException {
    MysqlXADataSource mysqlXaDataSource = new MysqlXADataSource();
    mysqlXaDataSource.setUrl(testConfig.getUrl());
    mysqlXaDataSource.setPinGlobalTxToPhysicalConnection(true);
    mysqlXaDataSource.setPassword(testConfig.getPassword());
    mysqlXaDataSource.setUser(testConfig.getUsername());
    mysqlXaDataSource.setPinGlobalTxToPhysicalConnection(true);

    AtomikosDataSourceBean xaDataSource = new AtomikosDataSourceBean();
    xaDataSource.setXaDataSource(mysqlXaDataSource);
    xaDataSource.setUniqueResourceName("test2DataSource");

    xaDataSource.setMinPoolSize(testConfig.getMinPoolSize());
    xaDataSource.setMaxPoolSize(testConfig.getMaxPoolSize());
    xaDataSource.setMaxLifetime(testConfig.getMaxLifetime());
    xaDataSource.setBorrowConnectionTimeout(testConfig.getBorrowConnectionTimeout());
    xaDataSource.setLoginTimeout(testConfig.getLoginTimeout());
    xaDataSource.setMaintenanceInterval(testConfig.getMaintenanceInterval());
    xaDataSource.setMaxIdleTime(testConfig.getMaxIdleTime());
    xaDataSource.setTestQuery(testConfig.getTestQuery());
    return xaDataSource;
  }

  @Bean(name = "test2SqlSessionFactory")
  public SqlSessionFactory testSqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("test2DataSource") DataSource dataSource)
      throws Exception {
    SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
    bean.setDataSource(dataSource);
    return bean.getObject();
  }

  @Bean(name = "test2SqlSessionTemplate")
  public SqlSessionTemplate testSqlSessionTemplate(
      @Qualifier("test2SqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) throws Exception {
    return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
  }
}

2.5 配置Mapper

注意包结构不一样。

UserMapperTest01：

package com.ylw.mapper.test01;

public interface UserMapperTest01 {

  // 查询语句
  @Select("SELECT * FROM t_user WHERE name = #{name}")
  User findByName(@Param("name") String name);

  // 添加
  @Insert("INSERT INTO t_user(uuid,name, age) VALUES(#{uuid},#{name}, #{age})")
  int insert(@Param("uuid") String uuid,@Param("name") String name, @Param("age") Integer age);
}

UserMapperTest02：

package com.ylw.mapper.test02;

public interface UserMapperTest02 {
  // 查询语句
  @Select("SELECT * FROM t_user WHERE name = #{name}")
  User findByName(@Param("name") String name);

  // 添加
  @Insert("INSERT INTO t_user(uuid,name, age) VALUES(#{uuid},#{name}, #{age})")
  int insert(@Param("uuid") String uuid,@Param("name") String name, @Param("age") Integer age);
}

2.6 业务类

UserServiceTest01：

package com.ylw.service.test01;

@Service
public class UserServiceTest01 {
    @Autowired
    private UserMapperTest01 userMapperTest01;

    @Transactional
    public int insertUser(String name, Integer age) {
        int insertUserResult = userMapperTest01.insert(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), name, age);
        System.out.println("######insertUserResult:{}##########-> " + insertUserResult);
        //int i = 1 / age;
        // 验证事务开启
        return insertUserResult;
    }

}

UserServiceTest02：

package com.ylw.service.test02;

@Service
public class UserServiceTest02 {
    @Autowired
    private UserMapperTest02 userMapperTest02;
    @Autowired
    private UserMapperTest01 userMapperTest01;

    @Transactional
    public int insertUser(String name, Integer age) {
        int insertUserResult = userMapperTest02.insert(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), name, age);
        System.out.println("######insertUserResult:{}########## -> " + insertUserResult);
        // 怎么样验证事务开启成功!~
        //int i = 1 / age;
        return insertUserResult;
    }

    @Transactional()
    public int insertUserTest01AndTest02(String name, Integer age) {
        // 传统分布式事务解决方案 jta+atomikos 注册同一个全局事务中
        // 第一个数据源
        int insertUserResult01 = userMapperTest01.insert(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), name, age);
        // 第二个数据源
        int insertUserResult02 = userMapperTest02.insert(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), name, age);
        //int i = 1 / 0;
        int result = insertUserResult01 + insertUserResult02;
        // test01入库 test02回滚
        return result;
    }

}

2.7 启动类与Controller

启动类，要配置EnableConfigurationProperties：

// 开启读取配置文件
@EnableConfigurationProperties(value = { DBConfig1.class, DBConfig2.class })
@SpringBootApplication
public class MybatisApp03 {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(MybatisApp03.class, args);
  }
}

controller：

@RestController
public class MybatisMultilDataSourceController {

  @Autowired
  private UserServiceTest01 userServiceTest01;
  @Autowired
  private UserServiceTest02 userServiceTest02;

  @RequestMapping(value = "/insertUserTest1" ,method = RequestMethod.GET)
  public Integer insertUserTest1(String name, Integer age) {
    return userServiceTest01.insertUser(name, age);
  }

  @RequestMapping(value = "/insertUserTest2",method = RequestMethod.GET)
  public Integer insertUserTest2(String name, Integer age) {
    return userServiceTest02.insertUser(name, age);
  }

  @RequestMapping(value ="/insertUserTest01AndTest02",method = RequestMethod.GET)
  public int insertUserTest01AndTest02(String name, Integer age) {
    return userServiceTest02.insertUserTest01AndTest02(name, age);
  }
}

2.8 测试

在浏览器打开三个页面，地址分别是：

http://localhost:8080/insertUserTest1?name=name1&age=10
http://localhost:8080/insertUserTest2?name=name2&age=18
http://localhost:8080/insertUserTest01AndTest02?name=name1AndName2&age=19

运行后，会发现两个数据库均添加了数据：

微服务技术系列教程（04） - SpringBoot - 事务管理_mysql

微服务技术系列教程（04） - SpringBoot - 事务管理_spring_02

总结

微服务技术系列教程（04） - SpringBoot - 事务管理_sql_03

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