概述

GROUPING SETS,GROUPING__ID,CUBE,ROLLUP

这几个分析函数通常用于OLAP中,不能累加,而且需要根据不同维度上钻和下钻的指标统计,比如,分小时、天、月的UV数。

 

GROUPING SETS和GROUPING__ID

说明

在一个GROUP BY查询中,根据不同的维度组合进行聚合,等价于将不同维度的GROUP BY结果集进行UNION ALL

GROUPING__ID,表示结果属于哪一个分组集合。

查询语句:



select 
month,
day,
count(distinct cookieid) as uv,
GROUPING__ID
from cookie.cookie5
group by month,day
grouping sets (month,day)
order by GROUPING__ID;


  

等价于:



SELECT month,NULL,COUNT(DISTINCT cookieid) AS uv,1 AS GROUPING__ID FROM cookie5 GROUP BY month 
UNION ALL
SELECT NULL,day,COUNT(DISTINCT cookieid) AS uv,2 AS GROUPING__ID FROM cookie5 GROUP BY day


  

查询结果

 Hive SQL  grouping sets 用法_分析函数

 

结果说明

第一列是按照month进行分组

第二列是按照day进行分组

第三列是按照month或day分组是,统计这一组有几个不同的cookieid

第四列grouping_id表示这一组结果属于哪个分组集合,根据grouping sets中的分组条件month,day,1是代表month,2是代表day

 

再比如:



SELECT  month, day,
COUNT(DISTINCT cookieid) AS uv,
GROUPING__ID
FROM cookie5
GROUP BY month,day
GROUPING SETS (month,day,(month,day))
ORDER BY GROUPING__ID;


  

等价于:



SELECT month,NULL,COUNT(DISTINCT cookieid) AS uv,1 AS GROUPING__ID FROM cookie5 GROUP BY month 
UNION ALL
SELECT NULL,day,COUNT(DISTINCT cookieid) AS uv,2 AS GROUPING__ID FROM cookie5 GROUP BY day
UNION ALL
SELECT month,day,COUNT(DISTINCT cookieid) AS uv,3 AS GROUPING__ID FROM cookie5 GROUP BY month,day


  

Hive SQL  grouping sets 用法_结果集_02

 

CUBE

说明

根据GROUP BY的维度的所有组合进行聚合

 

查询语句



SELECT  month, day,
COUNT(DISTINCT cookieid) AS uv,
GROUPING__ID
FROM cookie5
GROUP BY month,day
WITH CUBE
ORDER BY GROUPING__ID;


  

等价于



SELECT NULL,NULL,COUNT(DISTINCT cookieid) AS uv,0 AS GROUPING__ID FROM cookie5
UNION ALL
SELECT month,NULL,COUNT(DISTINCT cookieid) AS uv,1 AS GROUPING__ID FROM cookie5 GROUP BY month
UNION ALL
SELECT NULL,day,COUNT(DISTINCT cookieid) AS uv,2 AS GROUPING__ID FROM cookie5 GROUP BY day
UNION ALL
SELECT month,day,COUNT(DISTINCT cookieid) AS uv,3 AS GROUPING__ID FROM cookie5 GROUP BY month,day


  

查询结果

Hive SQL  grouping sets 用法_分析函数_03

 

ROLLUP

说明

是CUBE的子集,以最左侧的维度为主,从该维度进行层级聚合

查询语句

-- 比如,以month维度进行层级聚合

 



SELECT  month, day, COUNT(DISTINCT cookieid) AS uv, GROUPING__ID  
FROM cookie5
GROUP BY month,day WITH ROLLUP ORDER BY GROUPING__ID;


  

可以实现这样的上钻过程:

月天的UV->月的UV->总UV

Hive SQL  grouping sets 用法_结果集_04

--把month和day调换顺序,则以day维度进行层级聚合:

可以实现这样的上钻过程:

天月的UV->天的UV->总UV

(这里,根据天和月进行聚合,和根据天聚合结果一样,因为有父子关系,如果是其他维度组合的话,就会不一样)

Hive SQL  grouping sets 用法_html_05