Format characters have the following meaning; the conversion between C and Python values should be obvious given their types. The ‘Standard size’ column refers to the size of the packed value in bytes when using standard size; that is, when the format string starts with one of '<', '>', '!' or '='. When using native size, the size of the packed value is platform-dependent.

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Format

C Type

Python type

Standard size

Notes

x

pad byte

no value

 

 

c

char

string of length 1

1

 

b

signed char

integer

1

(3)

B

unsigned char

integer

1

(3)

?

_Bool

bool

1

(1)

h

short

integer

2

(3)

H

unsigned short

integer

2

(3)

i

int

integer

4

(3)

I

unsigned int

integer

4

(3)

l

long

integer

4

(3)

L

unsigned long

integer

4

(3)

q

long long

integer

8

(2), (3)

Q

unsigned long long

integer

8

(2), (3)

f

float

float

4

(4)

d

double

float

8

(4)

s

char[]

string

 

 

p

char[]

string

 

 

P

void *

integer

 

(5), (3)

struct.pack(fmtv1v2...)

Return a string containing the values v1, v2, ... packed according to the given format. The arguments must match the values required by the format exactly.

truct.unpack(fmtstring)

Unpack the string (presumably packed by pack(fmt, ...)) according to the given format. The result is a tuple even if it contains exactly one item. The string must contain exactly the amount of data required by the format (len(string) must equal calcsize(fmt)).

读文本文件并压缩以及解 压 ,部分代码例如以下:

  

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 
#lempel-ziv算法
#code:myhaspl@myhaspl.com
import struct
mystr=""
print "\n读取源文件".decode("utf8")
mytextfile= open('test2.txt','r')
try:
mystr=mytextfile.read( )
finally:
mytextfile.close()
my_str=mystr
#码表
codeword_dictionary={}
#待压缩文本长度
str_len=len(my_str)
#码字最大长度
dict_maxlen=1
#将解析文本段的位置(下一次解析文本的起点)
now_index=0
#码表的最大索引
max_index=0

#压缩后数据
print "\n生成压缩数据中".decode("utf8")
compresseddata=[]
while (now_index<str_len):
#向后移动步长
mystep=0
#当前匹配长度
now_len=dict_maxlen
if now_len>str_len-now_index:
now_len=str_len-now_index
#查找到的码表索引。0表示没有找到
cw_addr=0
while (now_len>0):
cw_index=codeword_dictionary.get(my_str[now_index:now_index+now_len])
if cw_index!=None:
#找到码字
cw_addr=cw_index
mystep=now_len
break
now_len-=1
if cw_addr==0:
#没有找到码字,添加新的码字
max_index+=1
mystep=1
codeword_dictionary[my_str[now_index:now_index+mystep]]=max_index
print "don't find the Code word,add Code word:%s index:%d"%(my_str[now_index:now_index+mystep],max_index)
else:
#找到码字,添加新的码字
max_index+=1
if now_index+mystep+1<=str_len:
codeword_dictionary[my_str[now_index:now_index+mystep+1]]=max_index
if mystep+1>dict_maxlen:
dict_maxlen=mystep+1
print "find the Code word:%s add Code word:%s index:%d"%(my_str[now_index:now_index+now_len],my_str[now_index:now_index+mystep+1],max_index)
.......
......
my_codeword_dictionary[my_maxindex]=my_codeword_dictionary[cwkey]+cwlaster
uncompressdata.append(my_codeword_dictionary[cwkey])
uncompressdata.append(cwlaster)
print ".",
uncompress_str=uncompress_str.join(uncompressdata)
uncompressstr=uncompress_str
print "\n将解压结果写入文件里..\n".decode("utf8")
uncompress_file= open('uncompress.txt','w')
try:
uncompress_file.write(uncompressstr)
print "\n解压成功,已解压到uncompress.txt!\n".decode("utf8")
finally:
uncompress_file.close()


以下对中文维基中对python的解释文本进行压缩:

数学之路-python计算实战(4)-Lempel-Ziv压缩(2)_python

调用该程序先压缩形成压缩文件,然后打开压缩文件解压

$ pypy lempel-ziv-compress.py python.txt python.lzv

………………..

find the Code word: C  add Code word: CP index:9938

 index:9939de word:ython  add Code word:ython

find the Code word:

^  add Code word:

^ h index:9940

find the Code word:ttp  add Code word:ttp: index:9941

find the Code word://  add Code word://e index:9942

find the Code word:dit  add Code word:ditr index:9943

find the Code word:a.  add Code word:a.o index:9944

生成压缩数据头部

将压缩数据写入压缩文件里

…………….

 

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

将解压结果写入文件里..

解压成功,已解压到uncompress.txt!

查看压缩效果:

$ ls -l -h

…………….

-rw-rw-r-- 1 deep deep 5.0K Jul  1 20:55 lempel-ziv-compress.py

-rw-rw-r-- 1 deep deep  30K Jul 1 20:55 python.lzv

-rw-rw-r-- 1 deep deep  36K Jul 1 20:57 python.txt

-rw-rw-r-- 1 deep deep  36K Jul 1 20:55 uncompress.txt从上面显示结果能够看到,没压缩前为36K,压缩后为30k

压缩sqlite 3.8.5的所有源代码

$ pypy lempel-ziv-compress.py sqlitesrc.txtsqlitesrc.lzv

查看压缩效果:

$ ls -l -h

…………….

-rw-rw-r-- 1 deep deep 3.2M Jul  1 21:18 sqlitesrc.lzv

-rw-rw-r-- 1 deep deep 5.2M Jul  1 21:16 sqlitesrc.txt

-rw-rw-r-- 1 deep deep 5.2M Jul  1 21:18 uncompress.txt

没压缩前为5.2M,压缩后为3.2M