参考:
https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html
https://github.com/apachecn/pytorch-doczh/blob/master/docs/1.0/blitz_data_parallel_tutorial.md
1. torch.nn.DataParalleltorch.nn.DataParallel(module, device_ids=None, output_device=None, dim=0)
在正向传递中,模块在每个设备上复制,每个副本处理一部分输入。在向后传递期间,来自每个副本的渐变被加到原始模块中。
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module:需要并行处理的模型
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device_ids:并行处理的设备,默认使用所有的cuda
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output_device:输出的位置,默认输出到cuda:0
例子:
net = torch.nn.DataParallel(model, device_ids=[0, 1, 2])
output = net(input_var) # input_var can be on any device, including CPU
torch.nn.DataParallel()
返回一个新的模型,能够将输入数据自动分配到所使用的GPU上。所以输入数据的数量应该大于所使用的设备的数量。
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from torch.utils.data import Dataset, DataLoader
# parameters and DataLoaders
input_size = 5
output_size = 2
batch_size = 30
data_size = 100
device = torch.device('cuda:0' if torch.cuda.is_available() else 'cpu')
# 随机数据集
class RandomDataset(Dataset):
def __init__(self, size, length):
self.len = length
self.data = torch.randn(length, size)
def __getitem__(self, index):
return self.data[index]
def __len__(self):
return self.len
rand_loader = DataLoader(dataset=RandomDataset(input_size, data_size),
batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=True)
# 以简单模型为例,同样可以用于CNN, RNN 等复杂模型
class Model(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, input_size, output_size):
super(Model, self).__init__()
self.fc = nn.Linear(input_size, output_size)
def forward(self, input):
output = self.fc(input)
print('In model: input size', input.size(), 'output size:', output.size())
return output
# 实例
model = Model(input_size, output_size)
if torch.cuda.device_count() > 1:
print("Use", torch.cuda.device_count(), 'gpus')
model = nn.DataParallel(model)
model.to(device)
for data in rand_loader:
input = data.to(device)
output = model(input)
print('Outside: input size ', input.size(), 'output size: ', output.size())
输出:
In model: input size torch.Size([30, 5]) output size: torch.Size([30, 2])
Outside: input size torch.Size([30, 5]) output size: torch.Size([30, 2])
In model: input size torch.Size([30, 5]) output size: torch.Size([30, 2])
Outside: input size torch.Size([30, 5]) output size: torch.Size([30, 2])
In model: input size torch.Size([30, 5]) output size: torch.Size([30, 2])
Outside: input size torch.Size([30, 5]) output size: torch.Size([30, 2])
In model: input size torch.Size([10, 5]) output size: torch.Size([10, 2])
Outside: input size torch.Size([10, 5]) output size: torch.Size([10, 2])
若有2个GPU:
Use 2 GPUs!
In Model: input size torch.Size([15, 5]) output size torch.Size([15, 2])
In Model: input size torch.Size([15, 5]) output size torch.Size([15, 2])
Outside: input size torch.Size([30, 5]) output_size torch.Size([30, 2])
In Model: input size torch.Size([15, 5]) output size torch.Size([15, 2])
In Model: input size torch.Size([15, 5]) output size torch.Size([15, 2])
Outside: input size torch.Size([30, 5]) output_size torch.Size([30, 2])
In Model: input size torch.Size([15, 5]) output size torch.Size([15, 2])
In Model: input size torch.Size([15, 5]) output size torch.Size([15, 2])
Outside: input size torch.Size([30, 5]) output_size torch.Size([30, 2])
In Model: input size torch.Size([5, 5]) output size torch.Size([5, 2])
In Model: input size torch.Size([5, 5]) output size torch.Size([5, 2])
Outside: input size torch.Size([10, 5]) output_size torch.Size([10, 2])
若有3个GPU:
Use 3 GPUs!
In Model: input size torch.Size([10, 5]) output size torch.Size([10, 2])
In Model: input size torch.Size([10, 5]) output size torch.Size([10, 2])
In Model: input size torch.Size([10, 5]) output size torch.Size([10, 2])
Outside: input size torch.Size([30, 5]) output_size torch.Size([30, 2])
In Model: input size torch.Size([10, 5]) output size torch.Size([10, 2])
In Model: input size torch.Size([10, 5]) output size torch.Size([10, 2])
In Model: input size torch.Size([10, 5]) output size torch.Size([10, 2])
Outside: input size torch.Size([30, 5]) output_size torch.Size([30, 2])
In Model: input size torch.Size([10, 5]) output size torch.Size([10, 2])
In Model: input size torch.Size([10, 5]) output size torch.Size([10, 2])
In Model: input size torch.Size([10, 5]) output size torch.Size([10, 2])
Outside: input size torch.Size([30, 5]) output_size torch.Size([30, 2])
In Model: input size torch.Size([4, 5]) output size torch.Size([4, 2])
In Model: input size torch.Size([4, 5]) output size torch.Size([4, 2])
In Model: input size torch.Size([2, 5]) output size torch.Size([2, 2])
Outside: input size torch.Size([10, 5]) output_size torch.Size([10, 2])
总结:
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DataParallel自动的划分数据,并将作业发送到多个GPU上的多个模型。
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DataParallel会在每个模型完成作业后,收集与合并结果然后返回给你。