一、数据准备
在SQL Server中创建记录日志的数据表LogDetail：
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[LogDetail]( [LogID] [INT] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, --自增ID [LogDate] [DATETIME] NULL, --日志时间 [LogLevel] [NVARCHAR](10) NULL, --日志级别 [LogThread] [NVARCHAR](10) NULL, --线程ID [Logger] [NVARCHAR](50) NULL, --日志名称 [LogMessage] [NVARCHAR](3000) NULL, --日志内容 CONSTRAINT [PK_LogDetail] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [LogID] ASC)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]) ON [PRIMARY]
在此表中，日志时间、日志级别、线程ID、日志名称都是可以通过配置文件从Log4Net库中取值的，需要重点处理的是日志内容字段。
二、记录日志到数据库
2.1、配置文件
添加一个ConfigFile文件夹，然后在其下面新建一个Log4NetToDB.config的配置文件，接着在其属性的复制到输出目录项下选择始终复制。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><configuration>
<configSections>
<section name="log4net" type="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler, log4net" />
configSections>
<log4net debug="false">
type：表示用哪种类型记录日志，log4net.Appender.ADONetAppender表示用数据库记录日志。-->
<appender name="ADONetAppender" type="log4net.Appender.ADONetAppender">
日志缓存写入条数，设置为0时只要有一条就立刻写到数据库。-->
<bufferSize value="0" />
数据库连接串-->
C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\Config\machine.config-->
<connectionType value="System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection, System.Data, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" />
数据库连接字符串-->
<connectionString value="Server=.;Database=Test;Uid=sa;Pwd=********;" />
数据库脚本-->
<commandText value="INSERT INTO LogDetail (LogDate,LogLevel,LogThread,Logger,LogMessage) VALUES (@LogDate,@LogLevel,@LogThread,@Logger,@LogMessage)" />
日志时间-->
<parameter>
<parameterName value="@LogDate" />
<dbType value="DateTime" />
<layout type="log4net.Layout.RawTimeStampLayout" />
parameter>
日志级别-->
<parameter>
<parameterName value="@LogLevel" />
<dbType value="String" />
<size value="10" />
<layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
<conversionPattern value="%p" />
layout>
parameter>
线程ID-->
<parameter>
<parameterName value="@LogThread" />
<dbType value="String" />
<size value="10" />
<layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
<conversionPattern value="%t" />
layout>
parameter>
日志名称-->
<parameter>
<parameterName value="@Logger" />
<dbType value="String" />
<size value="50" />
<layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
<conversionPattern value="%logger" />
layout>
parameter>
日志内容-->
<parameter>
<parameterName value="@LogMessage" />
<dbType value="String" />
<size value="3000" />
<layout type="LinkTo.Test.ConsoleLog4Net.Utility.CustomLayout">
<conversionPattern value="%property{LogMessage}" />
layout>
parameter>
appender>
<root>
<priority value="ALL" />
<level value="ALL" />
<appender-ref ref="ADONetAppender" />
root>
log4net>configuration>2.2、日志内容处理过程
注：日志内容处理涉及的4个类(含帮助类)都是存放在Utility文件夹下。
从配置的
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using log4net.Layout;namespace LinkTo.Test.ConsoleLog4Net.Utility
{ public class CustomLayout : PatternLayout
{ ///
/// 构造函数：把需要写入数据库的属性添加进来 ///
public CustomLayout()
{
AddConverter("property", typeof(CustomLayoutConverter));
}
}
}CustomLayout类添加属性时，类型来源于CustomLayoutConverter类：
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.IO;using System.Linq;using System.Reflection;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using log4net.Core;using log4net.Layout.Pattern;namespace LinkTo.Test.ConsoleLog4Net.Utility
{ public class CustomLayoutConverter : PatternLayoutConverter
{ protected override void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent)
{ if (Option != null)
{ //写入指定键的值 WriteObject(writer, loggingEvent.Repository, LookupProperty(Option, loggingEvent));
} else
{ //Write all the key value pairs WriteDictionary(writer, loggingEvent.Repository, loggingEvent.GetProperties());
}
} ///
/// 通过反射获取传入的日志对象的某个属性的值 ///
///
///
///
private object LookupProperty(string property, LoggingEvent loggingEvent)
{ object propertyValue = string.Empty;
PropertyInfo propertyInfo = loggingEvent.MessageObject.GetType().GetProperty(property); if (propertyInfo != null)
propertyValue = propertyInfo.GetValue(loggingEvent.MessageObject, null); return propertyValue;
}
}
}从配置的
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace LinkTo.Test.ConsoleLog4Net.Utility
{ public class LogContent
{ ///
/// 日志内容 ///
public string LogMessage { get; set; } public LogContent(string logMessage)
{
LogMessage = logMessage;
}
}
}2.3、帮助类
为了简化写日志的过程，封装了一个简单的帮助类LogHelper：
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using log4net;namespace LinkTo.Test.ConsoleLog4Net.Utility
{ public class LogHelper
{ public static readonly ILog logger = LogManager.GetLogger("LinkTo.Test.ConsoleLog4Net"); //这里的参数不能使用Type类型
public static void Fatal(LogContent content)
{
logger.Fatal(content);
} public static void Error(LogContent content)
{
logger.Error(content);
} public static void Warn(LogContent content)
{
logger.Warn(content);
} public static void Info(LogContent content)
{
logger.Info(content);
} public static void Debug(LogContent content)
{
logger.Debug(content);
}
}
}2.4、测试代码
class Program
{ static void Main(string[] args)
{
XmlConfigurator.Configure(new FileInfo(Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "ConfigFile\\Log4NetToDB.config")));
LogHelper.Fatal(new LogContent("This is fatal message."));
LogHelper.Error(new LogContent("This is error message."));
LogHelper.Warn(new LogContent("This is warn message."));
LogHelper.Info(new LogContent("This is info message."));
LogHelper.Debug(new LogContent("This is debug message."));
Console.Read();
}
}2.5、运行结果
2.6、一点优化
每次写日志时，都需要进行Log4Net文件配置的话，肯定是没有必要的：
XmlConfigurator.Configure(new FileInfo(Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "ConfigFile\\Log4NetToDB.config")));
可以在项目的Properties\AssemblyInfo.cs最下面加上下面这一句，进行全局的统一配置：
[assembly: log4net.Config.XmlConfigurator(ConfigFile = "ConfigFile\\Log4NetToDB.config")]
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