注意:假如误删除 ibdata文件 ,此时千万别把mysqld进程杀死,否则没法挽救。

1.模拟删除ibdata数据文件和重做日志文件:

[root@hcdb0 data]# ll
total 421944
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql        56 Sep 12 20:57 auto.cnf
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql     11937 Sep 12 23:37 error.log
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql       413 Sep 12 20:57 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 104857600 Sep 12 23:32 ibdata1
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 104857600 Sep 12 23:32 ib_logfile0
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 104857600 Sep 12 20:57 ib_logfile1
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 104857600 Sep 12 20:57 ib_logfile2
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql  12582912 Sep 12 23:31 ibtmp1
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql      3838 Sep 13 00:30 innodb_status.10225
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql      4096 Sep 12 23:32 liangdb
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql      4096 Sep 12 20:57 mysql
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql         6 Sep 12 20:57 mysql.pid
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql      4096 Sep 12 20:57 performance_schema
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql       377 Sep 12 20:57 slow.log
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql     12288 Sep 12 20:57 sys
[root@hcdb0 data]# rm -rf ib*
[root@hcdb0 data]# ll
total 52
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql    56 Sep 12 20:57 auto.cnf
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 11937 Sep 12 23:37 error.log
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql  3838 Sep 13 00:30 innodb_status.10225
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql  4096 Sep 12 23:32 liangdb
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql  4096 Sep 12 20:57 mysql
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql     6 Sep 12 20:57 mysql.pid
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql  4096 Sep 12 20:57 performance_schema
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql   377 Sep 12 20:57 slow.log
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql 12288 Sep 12 20:57 sys

2.找到mysqld的进程id:

ps -ef|grep mysql
 
或者 netstat -tnlp|grep mysqld
tcp        0      0 :::3306                     :::*                        LISTEN      10225/mysqld        

这里是 10225

3.找到要恢复的句柄文件

ll /proc/10225/fd grep 'ib_|ibdata'

[root@hcdb0 data]# ll /proc/10225/fd | egrep 'ib_|ibdata'  
lrwx------. 1 root root 64 Sep 13 00:28 10 -> /data/mysql/3306/data/ib_logfile1 (deleted)
lrwx------. 1 root root 64 Sep 13 00:28 11 -> /data/mysql/3306/data/ib_logfile2 (deleted)
lrwx------. 1 root root 64 Sep 13 00:28 5 -> /data/mysql/3306/data/ibdata1 (deleted)
lrwx------. 1 root root 64 Sep 13 00:28 9 -> /data/mysql/3306/data/ib_logfile0 (deleted)

4.此时把前端业务关闭,或者执行
mysql> flush tables with read lock;

上面语句,让数据库没有写入操作,以便能够进行恢复操作。


5.验证数据库没有写入操作
(1)让脏页尽快刷入到磁盘:
mysql> set global innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct=0;

(2)观察binlog日志写入情况,确保File 和 Position 的值没有变化。
mysql>  show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000002 |     3075 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+



(3)最后查看InnoDB状态信息,确保脏页已经刷入磁盘
mysql> show engine innodb status\G;

------------
TRANSACTIONS
------------
Trx id counter 1319
Purge done for trx's n:o < 1315 undo n:o < 0 state: running but idle

### 确保后台Purge进程把undo log全部清除掉,事务ID要一致。


-------------------------------------
INSERT BUFFER AND ADAPTIVE HASH INDEX
-------------------------------------
Ibuf: size 1, free list len 0, seg size 2, 0 merges

### insert buffer合并插入缓存等于1  

---
LOG
---
Log sequence number 2553422
Log flushed up to   2553422
Pages flushed up to 2553422
Last checkpoint at  2553413

### 确保这3个值不在变化


----------------------
BUFFER POOL AND MEMORY
----------------------
Total large memory allocated 107380736
Dictionary memory allocated 352938
Buffer pool size   6400
Free buffers       6075
Database pages     325
Old database pages 0
Modified db pages  0

### 确保脏页数量(Modified db pages)为0


--------------
ROW OPERATIONS
--------------
0 queries inside InnoDB, 0 queries in queue
0 read views open inside InnoDB
Process ID=10225, Main thread ID=140654206252800, state: sleeping
Number of rows inserted 11, updated 0, deleted 0, read 17
0.00 inserts/s, 0.00 updates/s, 0.00 deletes/s, 0.00 reads/s

### 确保插入、更新、删除为0


6.上面确认后,就可以进行恢复了,
[root@hcdb0 data]# ll /proc/10225/fd | egrep 'ib_|ibdata'  
lrwx------. 1 root root 64 Sep 13 00:28 10 -> /data/mysql/3306/data/ib_logfile1 (deleted)
lrwx------. 1 root root 64 Sep 13 00:28 11 -> /data/mysql/3306/data/ib_logfile2 (deleted)
lrwx------. 1 root root 64 Sep 13 00:28 5 -> /data/mysql/3306/data/ibdata1 (deleted)
lrwx------. 1 root root 64 Sep 13 00:28 9 -> /data/mysql/3306/data/ib_logfile0 (deleted)


把这些文件复制到原来目录下
cp /proc/10225/fd/10  /data/mysql/3306/data/ib_logfile1   
cp /proc/10225/fd/11  /data/mysql/3306/data/ib_logfile2  
cp /proc/10225/fd/5  /data/mysql/3306/data/ibdata1  
cp /proc/10225/fd/9   /data/mysql/3306/data/ib_logfile0  



然后修改用户属性
chown mysql:mysql /data/mysql/3306/data/ib*


最后重启MySQL即可