template <typename T>
void read(T &x)
{
x = 0;
int f = 1;
char c = getchar();
while(!isdigit(c)) {if(c == '-') f = -1; c = getchar();}
while(isdigit(c)) x = x * 10 + c - '0', c = getchar();
x *= f;
return;
}

template <typename T>
void write(T x)
{
if(x < 0) putchar('-'), x = -x;
if(x > 9) write(x / 10);
putchar(x % 10 + '0');
return;
}


$$A\ drop\ of\ tear\ blurs\ memories\ of\ the\ past.$$