环境:OEL 5.7 + Oracle 10.2.0.5 RAC
如果你正在用OEL(Oracle Enterprise Linux)系统部署Oracle,那么可以使用yum安装oracle-validated包来简化主机配置的部分工作。
配置好yum本地源后,直接执行一条命令
yum install oracle-validated
检查发现它会自动做以下几件事:
1)安装oracle依赖包
2)/etc/sysctl.conf 增加oracle用户内容
3)/etc/security/limits.conf 增加oracle用户内容
4)创建Oracle 用户和相关组
这极大的简化了系统主机配置阶段我们要做的工作内容。
当然我们需要根据实际情况最好要确认/etc/sysctl.conf /etc/security/limits.conf内容合理性。
Dependencies Resolved
===================================================================================================================================================================================================================Package Arch Version Repository Size
Installing:
oracle-validated x86_64 1.1.0-14.el5 ISO 24 k
Installing for dependencies:
compat-db x86_64 4.2.52-5.1 ISO 1.6 M
compat-gcc-34 x86_64 3.4.6-4.1 ISO 4.3 M
compat-gcc-34-c++ x86_64 3.4.6-4.1 ISO 13 M
elfutils-libelf-devel x86_64 0.137-3.el5 ISO 24 k
elfutils-libelf-devel-static x86_64 0.137-3.el5 ISO 64 k
gcc x86_64 4.1.2-51.el5 ISO 5.3 M
gcc-c++ x86_64 4.1.2-51.el5 ISO 3.8 M
gdb x86_64 7.0.1-37.el5 ISO 2.4 M
glibc-devel i386 2.5-65 ISO 2.0 M
glibc-devel x86_64 2.5-65 ISO 2.4 M
glibc-headers x86_64 2.5-65 ISO 594 k
kernel-uek-headers x86_64 2.6.32-200.13.1.el5uek ISO 724 k
libXp i386 1.0.0-8.1.el5 ISO 22 k
libaio-devel i386 0.3.106-5 ISO 12 k
libaio-devel x86_64 0.3.106-5 ISO 11 k
libstdc++-devel x86_64 4.1.2-51.el5 ISO 2.8 M
sysstat x86_64 7.0.2-11.el5 ISO 187 k
unixODBC i386 2.2.11-7.1 ISO 830 k
unixODBC x86_64 2.2.11-7.1 ISO 835 k
unixODBC-devel i386 2.2.11-7.1 ISO 743 k
unixODBC-devel x86_64 2.2.11-7.1 ISO 799 k
Install 22 Package(s)
Upgrade 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 42 M
...这里省略后面安装的输出提示,按提示输入y直接安装即可。
<h1 id="2">2. /etc/sysctl.conf 增加oracle用户内容</h1>
cat /etc/sysctl.conf 确认如下是自动增加的内容:
For 11g, Oracle-Validated setting for fs.file-max is 6815744
For 10g, uncomment 'fs.file-max = 327679', and comment 'fs.file-max = 6553600' entry and re-run sysctl -p
fs.file-max = 327679
fs.file-max = 6815744
Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.msgmni is 2878kernel.msgmni = 2878
Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.msgmax is 8192kernel.msgmax = 8192
Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.msgmnb is 65536kernel.msgmnb = 65536
Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.sem is '250 32000 100 142'kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 142
Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.shmmni is 4096kernel.shmmni = 4096
Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.shmall is 1073741824kernel.shmall = 1073741824
Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.shmmax is 4398046511104 on x86_64 and 4294967295 on i386 architecture. Refer Note id 567506.1kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.sysrq is 1kernel.sysrq = 1
Oracle-Validated setting for net.core.rmem_default is 262144net.core.rmem_default = 262144
For 11g, Oracle-Validated setting for net.core.rmem_max is 4194304 For 10g, uncomment 'net.core.rmem_max = 2097152', comment 'net.core.rmem_max = 4194304' entry and re-run sysctl -p net.core.rmem_max = 2097152net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
Oracle-Validated setting for net.core.wmem_default is 262144net.core.wmem_default = 262144
For 11g, Oracle-Validated setting for net.core.wmem_max is 1048576 For 10g, uncomment 'net.core.wmem_max = 262144', comment 'net.core.wmem_max = 1048576' entry for this parameter and re-run sysctl -p net.core.wmem_max = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
Oracle-Validated setting for fs.aio-max-nr is 3145728fs.aio-max-nr = 3145728
For 11g, Oracle-Validated setting for net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range is 9000 65500 For 10g, uncomment 'net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000', comment 'net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500' entry and re-run sysctl -p net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
Oracle-Validated setting for vm.min_free_kbytes is 51200 to avoid OOM killervm.min_free_kbytes = 51200
可以看到每条内核参数都有清晰明了的注释,我这里是安装10g RAC,那么就按照注释说明,将那些For 10g的参数启用即可。
<h1 id="3">3. /etc/security/limits.conf 增加oracle用户内容</h1>
cat /etc/security/limits.conf 确认如下是自动增加的内容:
Oracle-Validated setting for nofile soft limit is 131072
oracle soft nofile 131072
Oracle-Validated setting for nofile hard limit is 131072oracle hard nofile 131072
Oracle-Validated setting for nproc soft limit is 131072oracle soft nproc 131072
Oracle-Validated setting for nproc hard limit is 131072oracle hard nproc 131072
Oracle-Validated setting for core soft limit is unlimitedoracle soft core unlimited
Oracle-Validated setting for core hard limit is unlimitedoracle hard core unlimited
Oracle-Validated setting for memlock soft limit is 50000000oracle soft memlock 50000000
Oracle-Validated setting for memlock hard limit is 50000000oracle hard memlock 50000000
由于我接下来要安装Oracle10g RAC,只用到一个oracle用户,所以这里不需要修改,如果你装的是11g RAC,则需要手工添加grid用户的资源使用限制条目。
<h1 id="4">4. 创建Oracle 用户和相关组</h1>
查看已经创建了oracle用户,组oinstall和dba
[root@oradb28 cdrom]# id oracle
uid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba) context=root:system_r:unconfined_t:SystemLow-SystemHigh
安装RAC需要确定各节点oracle用户和组的uid,gid保持一致,由于它自动生成的uid和gid的对应数字很大,所以一般都一致。
这样一来,在OEL系统上安装Oracle前的主机配置系列工作将得到简化,我们不必再去过多的考虑需要哪些依赖包和内核参数设置的问题了。