1、 OleDb用这种方法读取Excel速度还是非常的快的，但这种方式读取数据的时候不太灵活。不过可以在 DataTable 中对数据进行一些删减、修改。这种方式将Excel作为一个数据源，直接用Sql语句获取数据了。所以读取之前要知道此次要读取的Sheet（当然也可以用序号，类似dt.Row[0][0]。这样倒是不需要知道Sheet）.
if (fileType == ".xls")
connStr = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + fileName + ";" + ";Extended Properties=\"Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1\"";
else
connStr = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;" + "Data Source=" + fileName + ";" + ";Extended Properties=\"Excel 12.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1\"";
OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(connStr);
DataTable dtSheetName = conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, new object[] { null, null, null, "TABLE" });
以上是读取Excel的Sheet名，xls和xlsx的连接字符串也不一样的，可以根据文件的后缀来区别。这里需要注意的一点，Excel里面只有一个Sheet，但通过这种方式读取Sheet可能会大于一个。
在使用过程中发现取出的Sheet和实际excel不一致， 会多出不少。目前总结后有两种情况：
1. 取出的名称中，包括了XL命名管理器中的名称（参见XL2007的公式的命名管理器，【Crtl+F3】）；
2. 取出的名称中，包括了FilterDatabase后缀。这是XL用来记录Filter范围的；
对于第一点比较简单， 删除已有命名管理器中的内容即可；第二点处理起来比较麻烦， Filter删除后这些名称依然保留着，简单的做法是新增sheet；然后将原sheet Copy进去。但实际情况并不能为每个Excel做以上检查。下面给出了过滤的方案，当时还是有点问题，本来补充了一点。总之先看代码吧：
for (int i = 0; i < dtSheetName.Rows.Count; i++)
{
SheetName = (string)dtSheetName.Rows[i]["TABLE_NAME"];
if (SheetName .Contains("$") && !SheetName .Replace("'", "").EndsWith("$"))
continue; //过滤无效SheetName完毕....
da.SelectCommand = new OleDbCommand(String.Format(sql_F, tblName), conn);
DataSet dsItem = new DataSet();
da.Fill(dsItem, tblName);
}
View Code
因为读取出来无效SheetName一般情况最后一个字符都不会是$。如果SheetName有一些特殊符号，读取出来的SheetName会自动加上单引号，比如在Excel中将SheetName编辑成：MySheet(1)，此时读取出来的SheetName就 为：'MySheet(1)$'，所以判断最后一个字符是不是$之前最好过滤一下单引号。
优点：读取方式简单、读取速度快
缺点：除了读取过程不太灵活之外，这种读取方式还有个弊端就是，当Excel数据量很大时。会非常占用内存，当内存不够时会抛出内存溢出的异常。
不过一般情况下还是非常不错的，以下是完整代码。
/// <summary>
/// 读取Excel文件到DataSet中
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">文件路径</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static DataSet ToDataTable(string filePath)
{
string connStr = "";
string fileType = System.IO.Path.GetExtension(fileName);
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fileType)) return null;
if (fileType == ".xls")
connStr = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + filePath+ ";" + ";Extended Properties=\"Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1\"";
else
connStr = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;" + "Data Source=" + filePath+ ";" + ";Extended Properties=\"Excel 12.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1\"";
string sql_F = "Select * FROM [{0}]";
OleDbConnection conn = null;
OleDbDataAdapter da = null;
DataTable dtSheetName= null;
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
try
{
// 初始化连接，并打开
conn = new OleDbConnection(connStr);
conn.Open();
// 获取数据源的表定义元数据
string SheetName = "";
dtSheetName= conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, new object[] { null, null, null, "TABLE" });
// 初始化适配器
da = new OleDbDataAdapter();
for (int i = 0; i < dtSheetName.Rows.Count; i++)
{
SheetName = (string)dtSheetName.Rows[i]["TABLE_NAME"];
if (SheetName .Contains("$") && !SheetName .Replace("'", "").EndsWith("$"))
{
continue;
}
da.SelectCommand = new OleDbCommand(String.Format(sql_F, SheetName ), conn);
DataSet dsItem = new DataSet();
da.Fill(dsItem, tblName);
ds.Tables.Add(dsItem.Tables[0].Copy());
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
}
finally
{
// 关闭连接
if (conn.State == ConnectionState.Open)
{
conn.Close();
da.Dispose();
conn.Dispose();
}
}
return ds;
}
读取Excel完整代码
2、Com组件的方式读取Excel
这种方式需要先引用 Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel 。首选说下这种方式的优缺点：
优点：可以非常灵活的读取Excel中的数据
缺点：如果是Web站点部署在IIS上时，还需要服务器机子已安装了Excel，有时候还需要为配置IIS权限。最重要的一点因为是基于单元格方式 读取的，所以数据很慢（曾做过试验，直接读取千行、200多列的文件，直接读取耗时15分钟。即使采用多线程分段读取来提高CPU的利用率也需要8分钟。 PS：CPU I3）
需要读取大文件的的童鞋们慎重。。。
public class ExcelOptions
{
private Stopwatch wath = new Stopwatch();
/// <summary>
/// 使用COM读取Excel
/// </summary>
/// <param name="excelFilePath">路径</param>
/// <returns>DataTabel</returns>
public System.Data.DataTable GetExcelData(string excelFilePath)
{
Excel.Application app = new Excel.Application();
Excel.Sheets sheets;
Excel.Workbook workbook = null;
object oMissiong = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
System.Data.DataTable dt = new System.Data.DataTable();
wath.Start();
try
{
if (app == null)
{
return null;
}
workbook = app.Workbooks.Open(excelFilePath, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong);
//将数据读入到DataTable中——Start
sheets = workbook.Worksheets;
Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Excel.Worksheet)sheets.get_Item(1);//读取第一张表
if (worksheet == null)
return null;
string cellContent;
int iRowCount = worksheet.UsedRange.Rows.Count;
int iColCount = worksheet.UsedRange.Columns.Count;
Excel.Range range;
//负责列头Start
DataColumn dc;
int ColumnID = 1;
range = (Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, 1];
while (range.Text.ToString().Trim() != "")
{
dc = new DataColumn();
dc.DataType = System.Type.GetType("System.String");
dc.ColumnName = range.Text.ToString().Trim();
dt.Columns.Add(dc);
range = (Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, ++ColumnID];
}
//End
for (int iRow = 2; iRow <= iRowCount; iRow++)
{
DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
for (int iCol = 1; iCol <= iColCount; iCol++)
{
range = (Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[iRow, iCol];
cellContent = (range.Value2 == null) ? "" : range.Text.ToString();
//if (iRow == 1)
//{
// dt.Columns.Add(cellContent);
//}
//else
//{
dr[iCol - 1] = cellContent;
//}
}
//if (iRow != 1)
dt.Rows.Add(dr);
}
wath.Stop();
TimeSpan ts = wath.Elapsed;
//将数据读入到DataTable中——End
return dt;
}
catch
{
return null;
}
finally
{
workbook.Close(false, oMissiong, oMissiong);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(workbook);
workbook = null;
app.Workbooks.Close();
app.Quit();
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(app);
app = null;
GC.Collect();
GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 使用COM，多线程读取Excel（1 主线程、4 副线程）
/// </summary>
/// <param name="excelFilePath">路径</param>
/// <returns>DataTabel</returns>
public System.Data.DataTable ThreadReadExcel(string excelFilePath)
{
Excel.Application app = new Excel.Application();
Excel.Sheets sheets = null;
Excel.Workbook workbook = null;
object oMissiong = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
System.Data.DataTable dt = new System.Data.DataTable();
wath.Start();
try
{
if (app == null)
{
return null;
}
workbook = app.Workbooks.Open(excelFilePath, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong);
//将数据读入到DataTable中——Start
sheets = workbook.Worksheets;
Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Excel.Worksheet)sheets.get_Item(1);//读取第一张表
if (worksheet == null)
return null;
string cellContent;
int iRowCount = worksheet.UsedRange.Rows.Count;
int iColCount = worksheet.UsedRange.Columns.Count;
Excel.Range range;
//负责列头Start
DataColumn dc;
int ColumnID = 1;
range = (Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, 1];
//while (range.Text.ToString().Trim() != "")
while (iColCount >= ColumnID)
{
dc = new DataColumn();
dc.DataType = System.Type.GetType("System.String");
string strNewColumnName = range.Text.ToString().Trim();
if (strNewColumnName.Length == 0) strNewColumnName = "_1";
//判断列名是否重复
for (int i = 1; i < ColumnID; i++)
{
if (dt.Columns[i - 1].ColumnName == strNewColumnName)
strNewColumnName = strNewColumnName + "_1";
}
dc.ColumnName = strNewColumnName;
dt.Columns.Add(dc);
range = (Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, ++ColumnID];
}
//End
//数据大于500条，使用多进程进行读取数据
if (iRowCount - 1 > 500)
{
//开始多线程读取数据
//新建线程
int b2 = (iRowCount - 1) / 10;
DataTable dt1 = new DataTable("dt1");
dt1 = dt.Clone();
SheetOptions sheet1thread = new SheetOptions(worksheet, iColCount, 2, b2 + 1, dt1);
Thread othread1 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(sheet1thread.SheetToDataTable));
othread1.Start();
//阻塞 1 毫秒，保证第一个读取 dt1
Thread.Sleep(1);
DataTable dt2 = new DataTable("dt2");
dt2 = dt.Clone();
SheetOptions sheet2thread = new SheetOptions(worksheet, iColCount, b2 + 2, b2 * 2 + 1, dt2);
Thread othread2 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(sheet2thread.SheetToDataTable));
othread2.Start();
DataTable dt3 = new DataTable("dt3");
dt3 = dt.Clone();
SheetOptions sheet3thread = new SheetOptions(worksheet, iColCount, b2 * 2 + 2, b2 * 3 + 1, dt3);
Thread othread3 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(sheet3thread.SheetToDataTable));
othread3.Start();
DataTable dt4 = new DataTable("dt4");
dt4 = dt.Clone();
SheetOptions sheet4thread = new SheetOptions(worksheet, iColCount, b2 * 3 + 2, b2 * 4 + 1, dt4);
Thread othread4 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(sheet4thread.SheetToDataTable));
othread4.Start();
//主线程读取剩余数据
for (int iRow = b2 * 4 + 2; iRow <= iRowCount; iRow++)
{
DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
for (int iCol = 1; iCol <= iColCount; iCol++)
{
range = (Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[iRow, iCol];
cellContent = (range.Value2 == null) ? "" : range.Text.ToString();
dr[iCol - 1] = cellContent;
}
dt.Rows.Add(dr);
}
othread1.Join();
othread2.Join();
othread3.Join();
othread4.Join();
//将多个线程读取出来的数据追加至 dt1 后面
foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
dt1.Rows.Add(dr.ItemArray);
dt.Clear();
dt.Dispose();
foreach (DataRow dr in dt2.Rows)
dt1.Rows.Add(dr.ItemArray);
dt2.Clear();
dt2.Dispose();
foreach (DataRow dr in dt3.Rows)
dt1.Rows.Add(dr.ItemArray);
dt3.Clear();
dt3.Dispose();
foreach (DataRow dr in dt4.Rows)
dt1.Rows.Add(dr.ItemArray);
dt4.Clear();
dt4.Dispose();
return dt1;
}
else
{
for (int iRow = 2; iRow <= iRowCount; iRow++)
{
DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
for (int iCol = 1; iCol <= iColCount; iCol++)
{
range = (Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[iRow, iCol];
cellContent = (range.Value2 == null) ? "" : range.Text.ToString();
dr[iCol - 1] = cellContent;
}
dt.Rows.Add(dr);
}
}
wath.Stop();
TimeSpan ts = wath.Elapsed;
//将数据读入到DataTable中——End
return dt;
}
catch
{
return null;
}
finally
{
workbook.Close(false, oMissiong, oMissiong);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(workbook);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(sheets);
workbook = null;
app.Workbooks.Close();
app.Quit();
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(app);
app = null;
GC.Collect();
GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();
/*
object objmissing = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
Excel.ApplicationClass application = new ApplicationClass();
Excel.Workbook book = application.Workbooks.Add(objmissing);
Excel.Worksheet sheet = (Excel.Worksheet)book.Worksheets.Add（objmissing,objmissing,objmissing,objmissing);
//操作过程 ^&%&×&……&%&&……
//释放
sheet.SaveAs(path,objmissing,objmissing,objmissing,objmissing,objmissing,objmissing,objmissing,objmissing);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject((object)sheet);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject((object)book);
application.Quit();
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject((object)application);
System.GC.Collect();
*/
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 删除Excel行
/// </summary>
/// <param name="excelFilePath">Excel路径</param>
/// <param name="rowStart">开始行</param>
/// <param name="rowEnd">结束行</param>
/// <param name="designationRow">指定行</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string DeleteRows(string excelFilePath, int rowStart, int rowEnd, int designationRow)
{
string result = "";
Excel.Application app = new Excel.Application();
Excel.Sheets sheets;
Excel.Workbook workbook = null;
object oMissiong = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
try
{
if (app == null)
{
return "分段读取Excel失败";
}
workbook = app.Workbooks.Open(excelFilePath, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong);
sheets = workbook.Worksheets;
Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Excel.Worksheet)sheets.get_Item(1);//读取第一张表
if (worksheet == null)
return result;
Excel.Range range;
//先删除指定行，一般为列描述
if (designationRow != -1)
{
range = (Excel.Range)worksheet.Rows[designationRow, oMissiong];
range.Delete(Excel.XlDeleteShiftDirection.xlShiftUp);
}
Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
sw.Start();
int i = rowStart;
for (int iRow = rowStart; iRow <= rowEnd; iRow++, i++)
{
range = (Excel.Range)worksheet.Rows[rowStart, oMissiong];
range.Delete(Excel.XlDeleteShiftDirection.xlShiftUp);
}
sw.Stop();
TimeSpan ts = sw.Elapsed;
workbook.Save();
//将数据读入到DataTable中——End
return result;
}
catch
{
return "分段读取Excel失败";
}
finally
{
workbook.Close(false, oMissiong, oMissiong);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(workbook);
workbook = null;
app.Workbooks.Close();
app.Quit();
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(app);
app = null;
GC.Collect();
GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();
}
}
public void ToExcelSheet(DataSet ds, string fileName)
{
Excel.Application appExcel = new Excel.Application();
Excel.Workbook workbookData = null;
Excel.Worksheet worksheetData;
Excel.Range range;
try
{
workbookData = appExcel.Workbooks.Add(System.Reflection.Missing.Value);
appExcel.DisplayAlerts = false;//不显示警告
//xlApp.Visible = true;//excel是否可见
//
//for (int i = workbookData.Worksheets.Count; i > 0; i--)
//{
// Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet oWorksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbookData.Worksheets.get_Item(i);
// oWorksheet.Select();
// oWorksheet.Delete();
//}
for (int k = 0; k < ds.Tables.Count; k++)
{
worksheetData = (Excel.Worksheet)workbookData.Worksheets.Add(System.Reflection.Missing.Value, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, System.Reflection.Missing.Value);
// testnum--;
if (ds.Tables[k] != null)
{
worksheetData.Name = ds.Tables[k].TableName;
//写入标题
for (int i = 0; i < ds.Tables[k].Columns.Count; i++)
{
worksheetData.Cells[1, i + 1] = ds.Tables[k].Columns[i].ColumnName;
range = (Excel.Range)worksheetData.Cells[1, i + 1];
//range.Interior.ColorIndex = 15;
range.Font.Bold = true;
range.NumberFormatLocal = "@";//文本格式
range.EntireColumn.AutoFit();//自动调整列宽
// range.WrapText = true; //文本自动换行
range.ColumnWidth = 15;
}
//写入数值
for (int r = 0; r < ds.Tables[k].Rows.Count; r++)
{
for (int i = 0; i < ds.Tables[k].Columns.Count; i++)
{
worksheetData.Cells[r + 2, i + 1] = ds.Tables[k].Rows[r][i];
//Range myrange = worksheetData.get_Range(worksheetData.Cells[r + 2, i + 1], worksheetData.Cells[r + 3, i + 2]);
//myrange.NumberFormatLocal = "@";//文本格式
//// myrange.EntireColumn.AutoFit();//自动调整列宽
//// myrange.WrapText = true; //文本自动换行
//myrange.ColumnWidth = 15;
}
// rowRead++;
//System.Windows.Forms.Application.DoEvents();
}
}
worksheetData.Columns.EntireColumn.AutoFit();
workbookData.Saved = true;
}
}
catch (Exception ex) { }
finally
{
workbookData.SaveCopyAs(fileName);
workbookData.Close(false, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, System.Reflection.Missing.Value);
appExcel.Quit();
GC.Collect();
}
}
}
单线程和多线程读取类
3、NPOI方式读取Excel
NPOI是一组开源的组件，类似Java的 POI。包括：NPOI、NPOI.HPSF、NPOI.HSSF、NPOI.HSSF.UserModel、NPOI.POIFS、NPOI.Util，下载的时候别只下一个噢
优点：读取Excel速度较快，读取方式操作灵活性
缺点：只支持03的Excel，xlsx的无法读取。由于这点，使用这种方式的人不多啊，没理由要求客户使用03版Excel吧，再说03版Excel对于行数还有限制，只支持65536行。
（听他们的开发人员说会在2012年底推出新版，支持xlsx的读取。但一直很忙没时间去关注这个事情，有兴趣的同学可以瞧瞧去）
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.IO;
using System.Web;
using NPOI;
using NPOI.HPSF;
using NPOI.HSSF;
using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;
using NPOI.POIFS;
using NPOI.Util;
using System.Text;
using System.Configuration;
public class NPOIHelper
{
private static int ExcelMaxRow = Convert.ToInt32(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["ExcelMaxRow"]);
/// <summary>
/// 由DataSet导出Excel
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sourceTable">要导出数据的DataTable</param>
/// <param name="sheetName">工作表名称</param>
/// <returns>Excel工作表</returns>
private static Stream ExportDataSetToExcel(DataSet sourceDs)
{
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
for (int i = 0; i < sourceDs.Tables.Count; i++)
{
HSSFSheet sheet = (HSSFSheet)workbook.CreateSheet(sourceDs.Tables[i].TableName);
HSSFRow headerRow = (HSSFRow)sheet.CreateRow(0);
// handling header.
foreach (DataColumn column in sourceDs.Tables[i].Columns)
headerRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue(column.ColumnName);
// handling value.
int rowIndex = 1;
foreach (DataRow row in sourceDs.Tables[i].Rows)
{
HSSFRow dataRow = (HSSFRow)sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);
foreach (DataColumn column in sourceDs.Tables[i].Columns)
{
dataRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue(row[column].ToString());
}
rowIndex++;
}
}
workbook.Write(ms);
ms.Flush();
ms.Position = 0;
workbook = null;
return ms;
}
/// <summary>
/// 由DataSet导出Excel
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sourceTable">要导出数据的DataTable</param>
/// <param name="fileName">指定Excel工作表名称</param>
/// <returns>Excel工作表</returns>
public static void ExportDataSetToExcel(DataSet sourceDs, string fileName)
{
//检查是否有Table数量超过65325
for (int t = 0; t < sourceDs.Tables.Count; t++)
{
if (sourceDs.Tables[t].Rows.Count > ExcelMaxRow)
{
DataSet ds = GetdtGroup(sourceDs.Tables[t].Copy());
sourceDs.Tables.RemoveAt(t);
//将得到的ds插入 sourceDs中
for (int g = 0; g < ds.Tables.Count; g++)
{
DataTable dt = ds.Tables[g].Copy();
sourceDs.Tables.Add(dt);
}
t--;
}
}
MemoryStream ms = ExportDataSetToExcel(sourceDs) as MemoryStream;
HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName);
HttpContext.Current.Response.BinaryWrite(ms.ToArray());
HttpContext.Current.ApplicationInstance.CompleteRequest();
//HttpContext.Current.Response.End();
ms.Close();
ms = null;
}
/// <summary>
/// 由DataTable导出Excel
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sourceTable">要导出数据的DataTable</param>
/// <returns>Excel工作表</returns>
private static Stream ExportDataTableToExcel(DataTable sourceTable)
{
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
HSSFSheet sheet = (HSSFSheet)workbook.CreateSheet(sourceTable.TableName);
HSSFRow headerRow = (HSSFRow)sheet.CreateRow(0);
// handling header.
foreach (DataColumn column in sourceTable.Columns)
headerRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue(column.ColumnName);
// handling value.
int rowIndex = 1;
foreach (DataRow row in sourceTable.Rows)
{
HSSFRow dataRow = (HSSFRow)sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);
foreach (DataColumn column in sourceTable.Columns)
{
dataRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue(row[column].ToString());
}
rowIndex++;
}
workbook.Write(ms);
ms.Flush();
ms.Position = 0;
sheet = null;
headerRow = null;
workbook = null;
return ms;
}
/// <summary>
/// 由DataTable导出Excel
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sourceTable">要导出数据的DataTable</param>
/// <param name="fileName">指定Excel工作表名称</param>
/// <returns>Excel工作表</returns>
public static void ExportDataTableToExcel(DataTable sourceTable, string fileName)
{
//如数据超过65325则分成多个Table导出
if (sourceTable.Rows.Count > ExcelMaxRow)
{
DataSet ds = GetdtGroup(sourceTable);
//导出DataSet
ExportDataSetToExcel(ds, fileName);
}
else
{
MemoryStream ms = ExportDataTableToExcel(sourceTable) as MemoryStream;
HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName);
HttpContext.Current.Response.BinaryWrite(ms.ToArray());
HttpContext.Current.ApplicationInstance.CompleteRequest();
//HttpContext.Current.Response.End();
ms.Close();
ms = null;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 传入行数超过65325的Table，返回DataSet
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dt"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static DataSet GetdtGroup(DataTable dt)
{
string tablename = dt.TableName;
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
ds.Tables.Add(dt);
double n = dt.Rows.Count / Convert.ToDouble(ExcelMaxRow);
//创建表
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++)
{
DataTable dtAdd = dt.Clone();
dtAdd.TableName = tablename + "_" + i.ToString();
ds.Tables.Add(dtAdd);
}
//分解数据
for (int i = 1; i < ds.Tables.Count; i++)
{
//新表行数达到最大 或 基表数量不足
while (ds.Tables[i].Rows.Count != ExcelMaxRow && ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count != ExcelMaxRow)
{
ds.Tables[i].Rows.Add(ds.Tables[0].Rows[ExcelMaxRow].ItemArray);
ds.Tables[0].Rows.RemoveAt(ExcelMaxRow);
}
}
return ds;
}
/// <summary>
/// 由DataTable导出Excel
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sourceTable">要导出数据的DataTable</param>
/// <param name="fileName">指定Excel工作表名称</param>
/// <returns>Excel工作表</returns>
public static void ExportDataTableToExcelModel(DataTable sourceTable, string modelpath, string modelName, string fileName, string sheetName)
{
int rowIndex = 2;//从第二行开始，因为前两行是模板里面的内容
int colIndex = 0;
FileStream file = new FileStream(modelpath + modelName + ".xls", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);//读入excel模板
HSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook = new HSSFWorkbook(file);
HSSFSheet sheet1 = (HSSFSheet)hssfworkbook.GetSheet("Sheet1");
sheet1.GetRow(0).GetCell(0).SetCellValue("excelTitle"); //设置表头
foreach (DataRow row in sourceTable.Rows)
{ //双循环写入sourceTable中的数据
rowIndex++;
colIndex = 0;
HSSFRow xlsrow = (HSSFRow)sheet1.CreateRow(rowIndex);
foreach (DataColumn col in sourceTable.Columns)
{
xlsrow.CreateCell(colIndex).SetCellValue(row[col.ColumnName].ToString());
colIndex++;
}
}
sheet1.ForceFormulaRecalculation = true;
FileStream fileS = new FileStream(modelpath + fileName + ".xls", FileMode.Create);//保存
hssfworkbook.Write(fileS);
fileS.Close();
file.Close();
}
}
NPOI读取Excel类
4、一种最新的方式来处理Excel ---- open xml
这种方式在Msdn上有详细的解释，可参考msdn sdk。这种方式只能处理2007以上的版本，不支持2003。
项目中发现使用OleDb(using System.Data.OleDb)相关对象处理Excel导入功能，不是很稳定经常出问题，需要把这个问题解决掉。项目组提出使用OpenXML来处 理Excel的导入、导出问题，出于兴趣对OpenXML了解一下，做了简单Demo。
4.1 Open XML准备
使用Open XML操作Excel需要安装Open XML Format SDK 2.0及其以上版本，其相关对象和接口建立在Open XML SDK CTP 2基础上的，使用前先下载Open XML Format SDK 2.0及其以上版本。SDK默认会安装在C:\Program Files (x86)\Open XML Format SDK\V2.0 (64bit)目录下，lib子目录下的DocumentFormat.OpenXml.dll必须被引用到项目中。Open XML支持Office 2007及其以上版本，Open XML好像升级到2.5版本了，对于Open XML 2.0和2.5其对象和API接口有所不同，请查阅相关文档。把这个小Demo整出来，花了一些时间，主要是对其中的相关对象和API接口使用的不了解。
4.2 简单Excel zip包介绍
大家应该知道Office 2007都是一些XML文件的压缩包，可以创建一个Office 2007的Excel文件，简单录入几条数据，保存一下。复制一下，做个副本，修改其后缀为zip格式，这样就可以看到Excel的一些相关文件。因需要 测试功能，做了简单的Office 2007的文件，修改为zip解压查看相关文件如下图：
其中需要注意的几个文件styles.xml、sharedStrings.xml、workbook.xml、worksheets中各个sheet。
styles.xml:主要用来存放Excel中样式的(包括格式化的数据格式，如日期、货币等等)；
sharedStrings.xml:主要存放共享的String数据的，在没有对Excel中相关单元格和数据格式化都可以通过这个文件读取；
workbook.xml:主要存放工作簿中各个工作表的命名和命名空间，在获取各个工作表的名称可以通过寻址找到节点，获取各表名称；
worksheets中各个sheet:主要存放各个工作表的相关数据库 可以通过下面这个图了解各个对象的关系，这个是Open XML 2.5开发的相关对象(http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/office/gg278316.aspx)：
4.3 简单功能介绍
使用OpenXML操作Excel，将Excel中的数据正确读取出来，保持到数据库。但是碰到一些问题，就是如何读取格式化的数据，把日期、时间、货币 进行数据格式化，就不能正确的读取数据，由于不是很了解，花了些时间，在网上查了查相关资料解决了一下。估计不是最优解，如果对这方面了解的大牛，希望能 指导一下，提供一些更好的方法。
这里测试了两块，一块把Excel的所有数据按Excel定义的格式转换成DataTable和DataSet；另一块把Excel中数据对照相关数据库实体对象，使用反射进行实体属性赋值，转换失败，则Excel中的数据就有问题。
一块是将Excel的数据全部搬到DataTable或DataSet,不考虑这些数据是来自数据库的几个表，如果业务需要可以对这个DataTable或DataSet操作；
另一块是进行数据库实体对象校验，必须Excel中单元格的数据格式和数据库中字段的存储格式一致，当然也可以根据业务的需要继续添加各种验证，你可以继续丰富、优化代码。
稍加改进了一下，可以支持泛型对象的转换，可以将符合规格的Excel的数据转换成对应的实体对象，即可以映射任何实体对象。那么就可以根据需要转换成DataTable或DataSet，或者对多表数据的转换，可以在此基础上优化，希望对你有帮助。
4.4 简单实现介绍
实现就是建一个WinForm程序，一个导入按钮，一个DataView呈现数据，一个OpenFileDialog选择文件。两个辅助解析Excel的 类，ExcelOper和ExcelOperMatch，一个是不进行校验之间转化为DataTable\DataSet的；一个是需要数据校验的，其中 ExcelOperMatch调用ExcelOper写好的两个方法：GetWorkBookPartRows(获取WorkBookPart中所有的行 数据)和GetCellValue(获取单元格的值)。其中对于格式化样式不太好处理,测试数据2的样式：
4.5 简单实现效果
1).测试数据1
2).实现数据1
3).测试数据2
4).实现数据2
5).测试数据3
6).实现数据3
4.6 示例Demo代码：
1) ExcelOper.cs文件代码
(注意DLL和命名空间的引入：using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Packaging和using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Spreadsheet和using System.Diagnostics;)
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Data;
using System.IO;
using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Packaging;
using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Spreadsheet;
using System.Xml;
using System.Diagnostics;
using DocumentFormat.OpenXml;
using System.Reflection;
namespace OpenXMLTest
{
/// <summary>
/// 思考问题：
/// 1.对于Excel中所有不进行任何验证,直接转化为Table(有列头和无列头)
/// 2.对于Excel中数据匹配某一指定表的列头及其数据(有列头)
/// 3.对于Excel中数据不是处理在一张表中(有列头和无列头)
/// 4.对于Excel中数据多表处理和单表处理
/// 5.对于Excel中一个Sheet的数据来自多张数据库表
/// </summary>
public class ExcelOper
{
/// <summary>
/// 将DataTable转化为XML输出
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dataTable">DataTable</param>
/// <param name="fileName">文件名称</param>
public void DataTableToXML(DataTable dataTable, string fileName)
{
//指定程序安装目录
string filePath = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ApplicationBase + fileName;
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Write))
{
using (XmlWriter xmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(fs))
{
dataTable.WriteXml(xmlWriter, XmlWriteMode.IgnoreSchema);
}
}
Process.Start(filePath);
}
/// <summary>
/// 将Excel多单一表转化为DataSet数据集对象
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">Excel文件路径</param>
/// <returns>转化的数据集</returns>
public DataSet ExcelToDataSet(string filePath)
{
DataSet dataSet = new DataSet();
try
{
using (SpreadsheetDocument spreadDocument = SpreadsheetDocument.Open(filePath, false))
{
//指定WorkbookPart对象
WorkbookPart workBookPart = spreadDocument.WorkbookPart;
//获取Excel中SheetName集合
List<string> sheetNames = GetSheetNames(workBookPart);
foreach (string sheetName in sheetNames)
{
DataTable dataTable = WorkSheetToTable(workBookPart, sheetName);
if (dataTable != null)
{
dataSet.Tables.Add(dataTable);//将表添加到数据集
}
}
}
}
catch (Exception exp)
{
//throw new Exception("可能Excel正在打开中,请关闭重新操作！");
}
return dataSet;
}
/// <summary>
/// 将Excel单一表转化为DataTable对象
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sheetName">SheetName</param>
/// <param name="stream">Excel文件路径</param>
/// <returns>DataTable对象</returns>
public DataTable ExcelToDataTable(string sheetName, string filePath)
{
DataTable dataTable = new DataTable();
try
{
//根据Excel流转换为spreadDocument对象
using (SpreadsheetDocument spreadDocument = SpreadsheetDocument.Open(filePath, false))//Excel文档包
{
//Workbook workBook = spreadDocument.WorkbookPart.Workbook;//主文档部件的根元素
//Sheets sheeets = workBook.Sheets;//块级结构（如工作表、文件版本等）的容器
WorkbookPart workBookPart = spreadDocument.WorkbookPart;
//获取Excel中SheetName集合
List<string> sheetNames = GetSheetNames(workBookPart);
if (sheetNames.Contains(sheetName))
{
//根据WorkSheet转化为Table
dataTable = WorkSheetToTable(workBookPart, sheetName);
}
}
}
catch (Exception exp)
{
//throw new Exception("可能Excel正在打开中,请关闭重新操作！");
}
return dataTable;
}
/// <summary>
/// 根据WorkbookPart获取所有SheetName
/// </summary>
/// <param name="workBookPart"></param>
/// <returns>SheetName集合</returns>
private List<string> GetSheetNames(WorkbookPart workBookPart)
{
List<string> sheetNames = new List<string>();
Sheets sheets = workBookPart.Workbook.Sheets;
foreach (Sheet sheet in sheets)
{
string sheetName = sheet.Name;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(sheetName))
{
sheetNames.Add(sheetName);
}
}
return sheetNames;
}
/// <summary>
/// 根据WorkbookPart和sheetName获取该Sheet下所有Row数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="workBookPart">WorkbookPart对象</param>
/// <param name="sheetName">SheetName</param>
/// <returns>该SheetName下的所有Row数据</returns>
public IEnumerable<Row> GetWorkBookPartRows(WorkbookPart workBookPart, string sheetName)
{
IEnumerable<Row> sheetRows = null;
//根据表名在WorkbookPart中获取Sheet集合
IEnumerable<Sheet> sheets = workBookPart.Workbook.Descendants<Sheet>().Where(s => s.Name == sheetName);
if (sheets.Count() == 0)
{
return null;//没有数据
}
WorksheetPart workSheetPart = workBookPart.GetPartById(sheets.First().Id) as WorksheetPart;
//获取Excel中得到的行
sheetRows = workSheetPart.Worksheet.Descendants<Row>();
return sheetRows;
}
/// <summary>
/// 根据WorkbookPart和表名创建DataTable对象
/// </summary>
/// <param name="workBookPart">WorkbookPart对象</param>
/// <param name="tableName">表名</param>
/// <returns>转化后的DataTable</returns>
private DataTable WorkSheetToTable(WorkbookPart workBookPart, string sheetName)
{
//创建Table
DataTable dataTable = new DataTable(sheetName);
//根据WorkbookPart和sheetName获取该Sheet下所有行数据
IEnumerable<Row> sheetRows = GetWorkBookPartRows(workBookPart, sheetName);
if (sheetRows == null || sheetRows.Count() <= 0)
{
return null;
}
//将数据导入DataTable,假定第一行为列名,第二行以后为数据
foreach (Row row in sheetRows)
{
//获取Excel中的列头
if (row.RowIndex == 1)
{
List<DataColumn> listCols = GetDataColumn(row, workBookPart);
dataTable.Columns.AddRange(listCols.ToArray());
}
else
{
//Excel第二行同时为DataTable的第一行数据
DataRow dataRow = GetDataRow(row, dataTable, workBookPart);
if (dataRow != null)
{
dataTable.Rows.Add(dataRow);
}
}
}
return dataTable;
}
/// <summary>
/// 根据WorkbookPart获取NumberingFormats样式集合
/// </summary>
/// <param name="workBookPart">WorkbookPart对象</param>
/// <returns>NumberingFormats样式集合</returns>
private List<string> GetNumberFormatsStyle(WorkbookPart workBookPart)
{
List<string> dicStyle = new List<string>();
Stylesheet styleSheet = workBookPart.WorkbookStylesPart.Stylesheet;
OpenXmlElementList list = styleSheet.NumberingFormats.ChildElements;//获取NumberingFormats样式集合
foreach (var element in list)//格式化节点
{
if (element.HasAttributes)
{
using (OpenXmlReader reader = OpenXmlReader.Create(element))
{
if (reader.Read())
{
if (reader.Attributes.Count > 0)
{
string numFmtId = reader.Attributes[0].Value;//格式化ID
string formatCode = reader.Attributes[1].Value;//格式化Code
dicStyle.Add(formatCode);//将格式化Code写入List集合
}
}
}
}
}
return dicStyle;
}
/// <summary>
/// 根据行对象和WorkbookPart对象获取DataColumn集合
/// </summary>
/// <param name="row">Excel中行记录</param>
/// <param name="workBookPart">WorkbookPart对象</param>
/// <returns>返回DataColumn对象集合</returns>
private List<DataColumn> GetDataColumn(Row row, WorkbookPart workBookPart)
{
List<DataColumn> listCols = new List<DataColumn>();
foreach (Cell cell in row)
{
string cellValue = GetCellValue(cell, workBookPart);
DataColumn col = new DataColumn(cellValue);
listCols.Add(col);
}
return listCols;
}
/// <summary>
/// 根据Excel行\数据库表\WorkbookPart对象获取数据DataRow
/// </summary>
/// <param name="row">Excel中行对象</param>
/// <param name="dateTable">数据表</param>
/// <param name="workBookPart">WorkbookPart对象</param>
/// <returns>返回一条数据记录</returns>
private DataRow GetDataRow(Row row, DataTable dateTable, WorkbookPart workBookPart)
{
//读取Excel中数据,一一读取单元格,若整行为空则忽视该行
DataRow dataRow = dateTable.NewRow();
IEnumerable<Cell> cells = row.Elements<Cell>();
int cellIndex = 0;//单元格索引
int nullCellCount = cellIndex;//空行索引
foreach (Cell cell in row)
{
string cellVlue = GetCellValue(cell, workBookPart);
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(cellVlue))
{
nullCellCount++;
}
dataRow[cellIndex] = cellVlue;
cellIndex++;
}
if (nullCellCount == cellIndex)//剔除空行
{
dataRow = null;//一行中单元格索引和空行索引一样
}
return dataRow;
}
/// <summary>
/// 根据Excel单元格和WorkbookPart对象获取单元格的值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="cell">Excel单元格对象</param>
/// <param name="workBookPart">Excel WorkbookPart对象</param>
/// <returns>单元格的值</returns>
public string GetCellValue(Cell cell, WorkbookPart workBookPart)
{
string cellValue = string.Empty;
if (cell.ChildElements.Count == 0)//Cell节点下没有子节点
{
return cellValue;
}
string cellRefId = cell.CellReference.InnerText;//获取引用相对位置
string cellInnerText = cell.CellValue.InnerText;//获取Cell的InnerText
cellValue = cellInnerText;//指定默认值(其实用来处理Excel中的数字)
//获取WorkbookPart中NumberingFormats样式集合
List<string> dicStyles = GetNumberFormatsStyle(workBookPart);
//获取WorkbookPart中共享String数据
SharedStringTable sharedTable = workBookPart.SharedStringTablePart.SharedStringTable;
try
{
EnumValue<CellValues> cellType = cell.DataType;//获取Cell数据类型
if (cellType != null)//Excel对象数据
{
switch (cellType.Value)
{
case CellValues.SharedString://字符串
//获取该Cell的所在的索引
int cellIndex = int.Parse(cellInnerText);
cellValue = sharedTable.ChildElements[cellIndex].InnerText;
break;
case CellValues.Boolean://布尔
cellValue = (cellInnerText == "1") ? "TRUE" : "FALSE";
break;
case CellValues.Date://日期
cellValue = Convert.ToDateTime(cellInnerText).ToString();
break;
case CellValues.Number://数字
cellValue = Convert.ToDecimal(cellInnerText).ToString();
break;
default: cellValue = cellInnerText; break;
}
}
else//格式化数据
{
if (dicStyles.Count > 0 && cell.StyleIndex != null)//对于数字,cell.StyleIndex==null
{
int styleIndex = Convert.ToInt32(cell.StyleIndex.Value);
string cellStyle = dicStyles[styleIndex - 1];//获取该索引的样式
if (cellStyle.Contains("yyyy") || cellStyle.Contains("h")
|| cellStyle.Contains("dd") || cellStyle.Contains("ss"))
{
//如果为日期或时间进行格式处理,去掉“;@”
cellStyle = cellStyle.Replace(";@", "");
while (cellStyle.Contains("[") && cellStyle.Contains("]"))
{
int otherStart = cellStyle.IndexOf('[');
int otherEnd = cellStyle.IndexOf("]");
cellStyle = cellStyle.Remove(otherStart, otherEnd - otherStart + 1);
}
double doubleDateTime = double.Parse(cellInnerText);
DateTime dateTime = DateTime.FromOADate(doubleDateTime);//将Double日期数字转为日期格式
if (cellStyle.Contains("m")) { cellStyle = cellStyle.Replace("m", "M"); }
if (cellStyle.Contains("AM/PM")) { cellStyle = cellStyle.Replace("AM/PM", ""); }
cellValue = dateTime.ToString(cellStyle);//不知道为什么Excel 2007中格式日期为yyyy/m/d
}
else//其他的货币、数值
{
cellStyle = cellStyle.Substring(cellStyle.LastIndexOf('.') - 1).Replace("\\", "");
decimal decimalNum = decimal.Parse(cellInnerText);
cellValue = decimal.Parse(decimalNum.ToString(cellStyle)).ToString();
}
}
}
}
catch (Exception exp)
{
//string expMessage = string.Format("Excel中{0}位置数据有误,请确认填写正确！", cellRefId);
//throw new Exception(expMessage);
cellValue = "N/A";
}
return cellValue;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取Excel中多表的表名
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private List<string> GetExcelSheetNames(string filePath)
{
string sheetName = string.Empty;
List<string> sheetNames = new List<string>();//所有Sheet表名
using (SpreadsheetDocument spreadDocument = SpreadsheetDocument.Open(filePath, false))
{
WorkbookPart workBook = spreadDocument.WorkbookPart;
Stream stream = workBook.GetStream(FileMode.Open);
XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();
xmlDocument.Load(stream);
XmlNamespaceManager xmlNSManager = new XmlNamespaceManager(xmlDocument.NameTable);
xmlNSManager.AddNamespace("default", xmlDocument.DocumentElement.NamespaceURI);
XmlNodeList nodeList = xmlDocument.SelectNodes("//default:sheets/default:sheet", xmlNSManager);
foreach (XmlNode node in nodeList)
{
sheetName = node.Attributes["name"].Value;
sheetNames.Add(sheetName);
}
}
return sheetNames;
}
#region SaveCell
private void InsertTextCellValue(Worksheet worksheet, string column, uint row, string value)
{
Cell cell = ReturnCell(worksheet, column, row);
CellValue v = new CellValue();
v.Text = value;
cell.AppendChild(v);
cell.DataType = new EnumValue<CellValues>(CellValues.String);
worksheet.Save();
}
private void InsertNumberCellValue(Worksheet worksheet, string column, uint row, string value)
{
Cell cell = ReturnCell(worksheet, column, row);
CellValue v = new CellValue();
v.Text = value;
cell.AppendChild(v);
cell.DataType = new EnumValue<CellValues>(CellValues.Number);
worksheet.Save();
}
private static Cell ReturnCell(Worksheet worksheet, string columnName, uint row)
{
Row targetRow = ReturnRow(worksheet, row);
if (targetRow == null)
return null;
return targetRow.Elements<Cell>().Where(c =>
string.Compare(c.CellReference.Value, columnName + row,
true) == 0).First();
}
private static Row ReturnRow(Worksheet worksheet, uint row)
{
return worksheet.GetFirstChild<SheetData>().
Elements<Row>().Where(r => r.RowIndex == row).First();
}
#endregion
}
}
ExcelOper
2) ExcelOperMatch.cs代码
(注意命名空间的引入：using System.Reflection;[稍作改进添加反射实体泛型支持方法,这样就可以将符合规则的Excel数据转换成对应的数据表])
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Packaging;
using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Spreadsheet;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Globalization;
namespace OpenXMLTest
{
public class ExcelOperMatch
{
/// <summary>
/// 根据SheetName和文件路径转换实体对象
/// 将Excel中的数据映射实体对象集合
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sheetName">操作SheetName</param>
/// <param name="filePath">文件路径</param>
/// <returns>实体对象集合</returns>
public List<TestPerson> ExcelToPersons(string sheetName, string filePath)
{
List<TestPerson> listTestPersons = new List<TestPerson>();
try
{
using (SpreadsheetDocument spreadDocument = SpreadsheetDocument.Open(filePath, false))//Excel文档包
{
WorkbookPart workBookPart = spreadDocument.WorkbookPart;
listTestPersons = ExtcelToObjects(workBookPart, sheetName);
}
}
catch(Exception exp)
{
// throw new Exception("可能Excel正在打开中,请关闭重新操作！");
}
return listTestPersons;
}
/// <summary>
/// 根据WorkbookPart和SheetName获取实体对象集合
/// </summary>
/// <param name="workBookPart">WorkbookPart对象</param>
/// <param name="sheetName">sheetName</param>
/// <returns>实体对象集合</returns>
private List<TestPerson> ExtcelToObjects(WorkbookPart workBookPart, string sheetName)
{
List<TestPerson> listPersons = new List<TestPerson>();
List<string> columnValues = new List<string>();//列头值集合
List<string> rowCellValues = null;//行数据集合
//获取WorkbookPart下名为sheetName的Sheet的所有行数据
IEnumerable<Row> sheetRows = new ExcelOper().GetWorkBookPartRows(workBookPart, sheetName);
if (sheetRows == null || sheetRows.Count() <= 0)
{
return null;
}
//将数据导入DataTable,假定第一行为列名,第二行以后为数据
foreach (Row row in sheetRows)
{
rowCellValues = new List<string>();//新行数据
foreach (Cell cell in row)
{
//获取单元格的值
string cellValue = new ExcelOper().GetCellValue(cell, workBookPart);
if (row.RowIndex == 1)
{
columnValues.Add(cellValue);
}
else
{
rowCellValues.Add(cellValue);
}
}
if (row.RowIndex > 1)
{
int rowIndex = Convert.ToInt32(row.RowIndex.ToString());
//使用强类型处理
TestPerson singlePerson = ConvertToTestPerson(rowIndex, columnValues, rowCellValues);
//使用泛型处理,可以转换任意实体
//TestPerson singlePerson = ConvertToObject<TestPerson>(rowIndex, columnValues, rowCellValues);
listPersons.Add(singlePerson);
}
}
return listPersons;
}
/// <summary>
/// 根据行号\列集合\行集合转换实体对象
/// </summary>
/// <param name="rowIndex">行索引</param>
/// <param name="columnValues">列头集合</param>
/// <param name="rowCellValues">一行数据集合</param>
/// <returns>映射的实体对象</returns>
private TestPerson ConvertToTestPerson(int rowIndex, List<string> columnValues, List<string> rowCellValues)
{
TestPerson singlePerson = new TestPerson();//TestPerson对象
foreach (PropertyInfo pi in singlePerson.GetType().GetProperties())
{
for (int index = 0; index < columnValues.Count; index++)
{
try
{
if (pi.Name.Equals(columnValues[index], StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
{
String propertyType = pi.PropertyType.Name;
switch (propertyType)
{
case "Int32":
pi.SetValue(singlePerson, int.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
break;
case "DateTime":
pi.SetValue(singlePerson, DateTime.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
break;
case "Decimal":
pi.SetValue(singlePerson, Decimal.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
break;
case "Double":
pi.SetValue(singlePerson, Double.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
break;
case "String":
pi.SetValue(singlePerson, rowCellValues[index], null);
break;
case "Boolean":
pi.SetValue(singlePerson, Boolean.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
break;
}
break;
}
}
catch (Exception exp)
{
index = (index - 1) % 26;
string cellRef = Convert.ToChar(65 + index).ToString() +rowIndex;
string expMessage = string.Format("请确认Excel中{0}位置数据填写正确！", cellRef);
throw new Exception(expMessage);
}
}
}
return singlePerson;
}
/// <summary>
/// 使用泛型,这样可以针对任何实体对象进行映射参照
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">映射实体对象</typeparam>
/// <param name="rowIndex">行号</param>
/// <param name="columnValues">列集合</param>
/// <param name="rowCellValues">行单元格集合</param>
/// <returns>实体对象</returns>
private T ConvertToObject<T>(int rowIndex, List<string> columnValues, List<string> rowCellValues)
{
T singleT = Activator.CreateInstance<T>();//创建实体对象T
foreach (PropertyInfo pi in singleT.GetType().GetProperties())
{
for (int index = 0; index < columnValues.Count; index++)
{
try
{
if (pi.Name.Equals(columnValues[index], StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
{
String propertyType = pi.PropertyType.Name;
switch (propertyType)
{
case "Int32":
pi.SetValue(singleT, int.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
break;
case "DateTime":
pi.SetValue(singleT, DateTime.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
break;
case "Decimal":
pi.SetValue(singleT, Decimal.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
break;
case "Double":
pi.SetValue(singleT, Double.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
break;
case "String":
pi.SetValue(singleT, rowCellValues[index], null);
break;
case "Boolean":
pi.SetValue(singleT, Boolean.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
break;
}
break;
}
}
catch (Exception exp)
{
index = (index - 1) % 26;
string cellRef = Convert.ToChar(65 + index).ToString() + rowIndex;
string expMessage = string.Format("请确认Excel中{0}位置数据填写正确！", cellRef);
throw new Exception(expMessage);
//singleT = default(T);
}
}
}
return singleT;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 辅助测试类
/// </summary>
public class TestPerson
{
#region 公共属性
//int类型测试
public int PersonID { get; set; }
//bool类型测试
public bool PersonSex { get; set; }
//string类型测试
public string PersonName { get; set; }
//DateTime 日期测试
public DateTime PersonBirth { get; set; }
//DateTime 时间测试
public DateTime PersonLogTime { get; set; }
//decimal类型测试
public decimal PersonAmountMoney { get; set; }
#endregion
}
}
ExcelOperMatch
3) WinForm的Button事件代码
private void btnOperExcel_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
openFileDialog1.Filter = "Text Documents (*.xlsx)|*.xlsx|All Files|*.*";
if (openFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
{
string filePath = openFileDialog1.FileName;
ExcelOper excelOperation = new ExcelOper();
//DataTable dataTable = excelOperation.ExcelToDataTable("Sheet1", filePath);
//excelOperation.DataTableToXML(dataTable,"Excel.xml");
//this.dataGridView1.DataSource = dataTable;
//DataSet dataSet = excelOperation.ExcelToDataSet(filePath);
//this.dataGridView1.DataSource=dataSet.Tables[0];
//ExcelOperMatch excelMatch = new ExcelOperMatch();
//List<TestPerson> listTestPersons = excelMatch.ExcelToPersons("Sheet1", filePath);
//this.dataGridView1.DataSource = listTestPersons;
}
}
Buttton事件
4) ExcelOperMatchObject.cs
([新增泛型处理Excel的数据,这样可以轻松将Excel的数据转换成数据库表])
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Packaging;
using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Spreadsheet;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Globalization;
namespace OpenXMLTest
{
public class ExcelOperMatchObject<T>
{
/// <summary>
/// 根据SheetName和文件路径转换实体对象
/// 将Excel中的数据映射实体对象集合
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sheetName">操作SheetName</param>
/// <param name="filePath">文件路径</param>
/// <returns>实体对象集合</returns>
public List<T> ExcelToObjects(string sheetName, string filePath)
{
List<T> listTestPersons = new List<T>();
try
{
using (SpreadsheetDocument spreadDocument = SpreadsheetDocument.Open(filePath, false))//Excel文档包
{
WorkbookPart workBookPart = spreadDocument.WorkbookPart;
listTestPersons = ExtcelToObjects(workBookPart, sheetName);
}
}
catch (Exception exp)
{
// throw new Exception("可能Excel正在打开中,请关闭重新操作！");
}
return listTestPersons;
}
/// <summary>
/// 根据WorkbookPart和SheetName获取实体对象集合
/// </summary>
/// <param name="workBookPart">WorkbookPart对象</param>
/// <param name="sheetName">sheetName</param>
/// <returns>实体对象集合</returns>
private List<T> ExtcelToObjects(WorkbookPart workBookPart, string sheetName)
{
List<T> listPersons = new List<T>();
List<string> columnValues = new List<string>();//列头值集合
List<string> rowCellValues = null;//行数据集合
//获取WorkbookPart下名为sheetName的Sheet的所有行数据
IEnumerable<Row> sheetRows = new ExcelOper().GetWorkBookPartRows(workBookPart, sheetName);
if (sheetRows == null || sheetRows.Count() <= 0)
{
return null;
}
//将数据导入DataTable,假定第一行为列名,第二行以后为数据
foreach (Row row in sheetRows)
{
rowCellValues = new List<string>();//新行数据
foreach (Cell cell in row)
{
//获取单元格的值
string cellValue = new ExcelOper().GetCellValue(cell, workBookPart);
if (row.RowIndex == 1)
{
columnValues.Add(cellValue);
}
else
{
rowCellValues.Add(cellValue);
}
}
if (row.RowIndex > 1)
{
int rowIndex = Convert.ToInt32(row.RowIndex.ToString());
T singlePerson = ConvertToObject<T>(rowIndex, columnValues, rowCellValues);
listPersons.Add(singlePerson);
}
}
return listPersons;
}
/// <summary>
/// 根据行号\列头集合\行数据集合,转换数据实体对象
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">映射实体对象</typeparam>
/// <param name="rowIndex">行号</param>
/// <param name="columnValues">列头集合</param>
/// <param name="rowCellValues">行数据集合</param>
/// <returns>实体对象</returns>
private T ConvertToObject<T>(int rowIndex, List<string> columnValues, List<string> rowCellValues)
{
//T singlePerson = default(T);
T singlePerson = Activator.CreateInstance<T>();
//Type singlePerson = typeof(T);
foreach (PropertyInfo pi in singlePerson.GetType().GetProperties())
{
for (int index = 0; index < columnValues.Count; index++)
{
if (pi.Name.Equals(columnValues[index], StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
{
String propertyType = pi.PropertyType.Name;
switch (propertyType)
{
case "Int32":
pi.SetValue(singlePerson, int.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
break;
case "DateTime":
pi.SetValue(singlePerson, DateTime.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
break;
case "Decimal":
pi.SetValue(singlePerson, Decimal.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
break;
case "Double":
pi.SetValue(singlePerson, Double.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
break;
case "String":
pi.SetValue(singlePerson, rowCellValues[index], null);
break;
case "Boolean":
pi.SetValue(singlePerson, Boolean.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
break;
}
break;
}
}
}
return singlePerson;
}
}
}
数据的泛型处理
5）ExcelOperMatchObject类的调用
(还是在WinForm的Button事件中调用)。
//Excel数据导入,泛型支持与任意实体对象匹配
//这里使用TestPerson实体对象做测试对象,你也可以用多个对象,转换成DataTable或DataSet
ExcelOperMatchObject<TestPerson> execelOperObject = new ExcelOperMatchObject<TestPerson>();
List<TestPerson> listTestPersons = execelOperObject.ExcelToObjects("Sheet1", filePath);
this.dataGridView1.DataSource = listTestPersons;
4.7 代码结构
1) ExcelOper.cs文件代码
2) ExcelOperMatch.cs代码
未完，第二部分请参考文章 C#读取Excel技术概览 （2）。
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